Effects of Orthokin, Sensikin and Persica mouth rinses on the force degradation of elastic chains and NiTi coil springs

Abstract

Background. Elastomeric chains and NiTi coil springs are two major traction aids in orthodontic tooth movements. Force degradation occurs over time in both groups, with higher percentages in elastic chains. The effects of environmental factors and some mouth rinses on this force decay have been previously studied. No study has been performed to evaluate the effect of current popular mouth rinses such as Orthokin, Sensikin and Persica on this force degradation.Methods. Forty pieces of elastic chains consisting of 5 loops (Ortho Technology, USA) and 40 NiTi closed coil springs (3M Unitek, Germany) were divided into 4 groups: control (artificial saliva), Orthokin mouthwash, Sensikin mouthwash and Persica mouthwash. All the groups were kept in an incubator at 37°C for 3 weeks. In the test groups, the samples were immersed in mouthwash twice a day. Force degradation was measured at 5 time intervals: baseline, 1 hour, 24 hours, 1 week and 3 weeks, using a digital force gauge. Repeated-measures ANOVA and one-way ANOVA were used for statistical analysis.Results. Force decay occurred over time in both elastic chainand coil spring groups. In elastic chain group, after 3 weeks, Orthokin mouth rinse had significantly lower force degradation compared to other groups (P < 0.05) and in coil spring group there were no statistically significant differences in force degradation after 3 weeks between the subgroups (P > 0.05).Conclusion. Based the results of this study, these three mouthwashes did not increase the force degradation of orthodontic traction aids under study.

Mechanical Strength Variety of Orthodontic Polymeric Chains In vitro assessment and mathematical model

“…In the literature, multiple studies have been conducted with the purpose of analyzing elastomeric chains. As it appears, after thoroughly analyzing multiple studies regarding the biomechanical properties of elastomeric chains, results show ver y different values of force degradation in the same way as archwires [7,23]. Some authors reported that received coated archwires have significantly lower values of ultimate tensile strength and modulus of elasticity when compared to the as received regular NiTi wires [26].…”

“…Of course, force decay may be influenced by factors like temperature and pH levels. It has been demonstrated that in vitro, simulating an oral environment with a basic pH level of 7.26, force decay occurs more rapidly than in an acidic pH level of 4.95 or in air [7,11,23,24].…”

Effect of Bleaching Mouthwash on Force Decay of Orthodontic Elastomeric Chains

“…Although the main feature of these chains is to return to their original length to exert force, several studies have demonstrated reduction of their force following in vivo and in vitro usage. [1][2][3][4] Several factors including primary stretch, experiment environment, pH, temperature, design of chains, and manufacturer (commercial brand) could influence force decay of elastomeric chains. 1,[5][6][7] Another influencing factor is mouthwash which is used by the patients during orthodontic therapy.…”

“…Previously, some investigators assessed the effect of sodium fluoride mouthwash on force decay of elastomeric chains. 4,[8][9][10] However, there is a controversy among the results of these studies. Some reported significant force decay following immersion of chains in sodium fluoride mouthwash, 9,10 while others revealed no effect of this mouthwash on force decay.…”

“…Some reported significant force decay following immersion of chains in sodium fluoride mouthwash, 9,10 while others revealed no effect of this mouthwash on force decay. 4,8 On the one hand, some patients may not be satisfied with tooth discoloration during orthodontic therapy.…”