“…Now we cannot find it in the Sound. There has been a publication reporting that this species is particularly sensitive to the poison tributyl tin which is used in antifouling paints (Walsh et al, 1985) and tributyl tin has also been shown to be having a marked effect on the common dog whelks around the coast of the UK, especially in areas where high concentrations of the toxin are present (Bryan et al, 1986). Are we recording the demise of a species of phytoplankton due to poisoning from TBT?…”
“…Now we cannot find it in the Sound. There has been a publication reporting that this species is particularly sensitive to the poison tributyl tin which is used in antifouling paints (Walsh et al, 1985) and tributyl tin has also been shown to be having a marked effect on the common dog whelks around the coast of the UK, especially in areas where high concentrations of the toxin are present (Bryan et al, 1986). Are we recording the demise of a species of phytoplankton due to poisoning from TBT?…”
“…TBT is 100-to 1000-times more toxic to laboratory animals than zinc and copper compounds that were previously the main anti-fouling chemicals. Only a few parts per billion kill some organisms (see , U'Ren 1983, Beaumont & Budd 1984, Valkirs et al 1985, Walsh et al 1985, Beaumont & Newman 1986, Short & Thrower 1986.…”
“…L'étude des effets nocifs des organoétains sur le phytoplancton mérite une attention particulière puisque ces microorganismes constituent le premier maillon de la chaîne trophique et leur ingestion par les organismes consommateurs peut occasionner une bioamplification du polluant dans le milieu aquatique (LAUGHLIN et al, 1986). L'effet nocif de ces composés sur la reproduction des microalgues se révèle, en culture confinée, à des concentrations variant entre 100 et 500 ng M (WONG ef al., 1982 ;WALSH et al, 1985 ;LIYING ef al., 1990 ;HUANG ef al., 1993). Les diatomées marines sont particulièrement sensibles aux biocides.…”
RÉSUMÉCette étude consiste à évaluer le biotransfert du tributylétain (TBT) par le filtreur bivalve Mya arenaria, à partir d'une culture semi-continue de la diatomée Phaeodactylum tricornutum exposée à un niveau de contamination n'arrêtant pas sa croissance à long terme. La dose du contaminant employée (100 ng M) est de l'ordre de grandeur de celles décelées dans certaines régions contaminées, telles les marinas et les régions portuaires. Dans ces conditions, la culture de R tricornutum a maintenu son équilibre de croissance durant plus de 50 jours. Sa productivité était légèrement inférieure (de 4 %) à celle de la culture témoin (sans contaminant). L'ingestion des diatomées contaminées, sur une période de 90 jours, a entraîné une bioaccumulation de TBT et DBT (dibutylétain) dans la chair du mollusque, atteignant des concentrations respectives de 133 et 128 ng g-1 (poids humide). L'étude suggère que le biotransfert du TBT et du DBT associés à des micro-algues en croissance continue ou semi-continue pourrait constituer un facteur de bioamplification important du biocide en milieu naturel.Mots-clés : tributylétain, diatomée marine, Phaeodactylum tricornutum, biotransfert, mollusques bivalves.
LONG-TERM GROWTH OF THE MARINE PHAEODACTYLUM TRICORNUTUM
EXPOSED TO TRIBUTYLTIN CHLORIDE : CONSEQUENCE ON BIOTRANSFER OF THE POLLUTANT.
ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to examine the uptake and the accumulation of tributyltin (TBT) by the filter-feeding bivalve Mya arenaria, from a semi-continuous culture of Phaeodactylum tricornutum contaminated with TBT at a concentration which did not stop its long-term growth. By using contamination level commonly found in natural polluted areas (100 ng TBT M), a long term growth was achieved by the algal culture, with a productivité reduced by only 4%. The accumulation * Auteur à qui la correspondance doit être adressée.Article available at http://www.kmae-journal.org or http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/kmae:1996010Bull. Fr. Pêche Piscic. (1996)
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