Effects of organic mulches on soil microfauna in the root zone of apple: implications for nutrient fluxes and functional diversity of the soil food web

Forge, T.; Hogue, E. J.; Neilsen, G. H.; Neilsen, D.

doi:10.1016/s0929-1393(02)00111-7

Cited by 135 publications

(75 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Greater fine root biomass in the 0-to 15-cm soil horizon under paper mulch has been observed (unpublished data). In addition, enhanced biological activity under paper mulch has been associated with increased fluxes of N and P (Forge et al 2003). Based on these findings, K availability could have similarly been affected.…”

Section: Major Leaf Nutrientsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Nutritional implications of biosolids and paper mulch applications in high density apple orchards

Neilsen¹,

Hogue²,

Forge³

et al. 2007

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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S. 2007. Nutritional implications of biosolids and paper mulch applications in high density apple orchards. Can. J. Plant Sci. 87: 551-558. A field experiment was designed to assess the effects on tree nutrition of surface application of municipal biosolids and shredded paper mulch, which have previously been reported to improve the performance of high-density apples despite wide differences in nutrient content. The experiment involved four treatments which included two levels (with or without) of two organic amendments, shredded paper mulch and Greater Vancouver Regional District (GVRD) municipal biosolids. Treatments were established over a 2 m wide strip centred on the tree row in a high-density (3700 trees ha -1 ) Golden Delicious (Malus × domestica Borkh.) orchard in the year of planting (1997) and maintained until 2004. GVRD-biosolids was applied at 40 t ha -1 (DW) in 1997 and 20.3 t ha -1 (DW) in 2001 potentially supplying larger amounts of all plant nutrients (N, P, K, Mg, Zn, Cu and Mn) except Ca than the paper mulch. All trees received standard commercial treatments of drip fertigation of 30 g N tree -1 yr -1 and 20 g P tree -1 in the establishment year. Leaf N concentration was unaffected by biosolids application and decreased, but not to inadequate concentrations, in 3 of 6 yr for trees grown in the high C:N ratio shredded paper mulch. This response indicates the effectiveness of drip fertigated N. Leaf K declined to inadequate concentrations by the end of the experiment, regardless of treatment, but trees in the paper mulch treatment were able to sustain higher leaf K, were more vigourous, had higher yield the first three fruiting seasons and cumulatively after 8 yr despite the low N and K content of the paper. Improved K uptake was attributed to better distribution of soil moisture beneath the mulch but for longterm sustainable production, K fertigation would have been desirable. Biosolids application often raised leaf Zn, Cu and Mn concentration but increases were modest, with concentrations of Zn insufficient to change standard commercial recommendations for annual dormant Zn applications.

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Section: Major Leaf Nutrientsmentioning

confidence: 82%

Nutritional implications of biosolids and paper mulch applications in high density apple orchards

Neilsen¹,

Hogue²,

Forge³

et al. 2007

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…The effectiveness of mulching to reduce the population of the nematodes will be greatly enhanced when the mulch also contains toxic chemicals [47] such as the nematicidal compounds of clove. Amendment of organic plant materials also increases food sources which facilitates the population growth of bacterivorous nematodes (Rhabditidae and Cephalobidae), fungivorous nematodes [48] and predatory nematodes (Mononchidae) [49], which will also lower the population density of the plant parasitic nematodes through competition, antagonism or creating unfavorable conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nematicidal Activity of Plant Extracts Against the Root-Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita

Wiratno¹,

Taniwiryono²,

Berg³

et al. 2009

TONPJ

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Nematicidal activity of extracts from plants was assayed against Meloidogyne incognita. In laboratory assays extracts from tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L), clove (Syzygium aromaticum L), betelvine (Piper betle L), and sweet flag (Acorus calamus L) were most effective in killing the nematode, with an EC 50 that was 5-10 times lower than the EC 50 of the synthetic pesticides chlorpyrifos, carbosulfan and deltamethrin. The shapes of the dead nematodes differed in a characteristic way, and groups of pesticides and plant extracts could clearly be distinguished based on this phenomenon, which may be an indicator for the modes of action of the tested pesticides. In a greenhouse bioassay clove bud and betelvine were tested as mulch. Experiments revealed that the total number of live nematodes on roots of pepper plants treated with mulch of the clove bud was 7% of that of the controls and did not differ significantly from that of plants treated with the recommended synthetic pesticide carbofuran. The application of clove buds as a botanical pesticide for future use against nematodes is highly promising since clove is the 6 th major plant grown on Bangka Island, and the market value of clove has decreased sharply over the last years.

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“…Although the effects of one physical/ chemical-factor on ciliates have been widely studied [14,43,45,[48][49][50], reliable data on multiple effects or interactions of several physical/chemical factors are extremely rare. In this study, an integrated effect of multifactors on the soil ciliate of mangrove forest soils showed that the correlations between ciliate abundance and physical/chemical factors were similar to those in terrestrial habitats except for pH values (Table 8).…”

Section: Relationship Between Ciliatementioning

confidence: 99%

Community Structure and Biodiversity of Soil Ciliates at Dongzhaigang Mangrove Forest in Hainan Island, China

Liao

et al. 2010

Applied and Environmental Soil Science

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The distribution of soil ciliates in three different habitats within a typical mangrove forest in Dongzhaigang, Hainan, China was investigated. The abundance, biodiversity, and community similarity of ciliates in fresh and air-dried soil with different, physical/chemical properties were analyzed. Three Classes, 11 Orders, 34 Genera, and 70 species of ciliates were found with the first dominant group being Hypotrichida. Ciliate biodiversities followed Site B < Site A < Site C in both fresh and dried samples. Ciliate abundance was positively correlated with soil moisture, salinity, organic matter (OM), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and sulfate (SO 4 2− ), but negatively with pH and total potassium (TK). Site A and Site B and Site B and Site C showed the highest similarity in fresh and dried samples, respectively. The ubiquitous characteristics of ciliate distribution suggested their important role in food webs and nutrient cycling. The presence of Colpodida was linked with mangrove plants.

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Effects of organic mulches on soil microfauna in the root zone of apple: implications for nutrient fluxes and functional diversity of the soil food web

Cited by 135 publications

References 33 publications

Nutritional implications of biosolids and paper mulch applications in high density apple orchards

Nutritional implications of biosolids and paper mulch applications in high density apple orchards

Nematicidal Activity of Plant Extracts Against the Root-Knot Nematode, Meloidogyne incognita

Community Structure and Biodiversity of Soil Ciliates at Dongzhaigang Mangrove Forest in Hainan Island, China

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