Effects of organic formulations and synthetic fertilizer on the performance of pigeonpea in eastern region of Uttar Pradesh

Abstract

A field experiment involving five organic formulations viz., cow urine, vermiwash, neem seed extract, fish wash normal water (control) and three levels of NPK viz., 50% recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF), 75% RDF and 100% RDF with total 15 treatment combinations in randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted at Varanasi during Kharif season (July-April) 2014-15 to evaluate the effect of different organic formulations and NPK fertilization on pigeonpea. Results showed that increasing level of NPK up to 100% RDF significantly improved growth parameters, yield attributes, grain and straw yield. Among the treatment combinations, combined application of 100% RDF + vermiwash proved superior over other treatments, these recorded the highest growth yield attributes, gross returns, and net returns while B : C ratio was the highest under 100% RDF in combination with cow urine.

A Review on Response of Neem Seed and Leaf Extract on Crop Protection and Production

“…The aqueous extract of neem plant parts showed significant germination of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) may be due to the presence of different plant hormones, micro and macro nutrients. Among the different combinations of fertilizer and organic formulations applied to pigeonpea, the treatment 100% RDF + neem seed extract @100 l/ha, showed higher plant height, number of primary and secondary branches, leaf area index and dry matter accumulation as compared to the other treatments, such as100% RDF + fish wash @100 l/ha, 100% RDF + normal water @1000 l/ha, 75% RDF + vermiwash @100 l/ha, 75% RDF + cow urine @100 l/ha, 75% RDF + neem seed extract @100 l/ha, 75% RDF + fish wash @100 l/ha, 75% RDF + normal water @1000 l/ha, 50% RDF + vermiwash @100 l/ha, 50% RDF + cow urine @100 l/ha, 50% RDF + neem seed extract @100 l/ha, 50% RDF + fish wash @100 l/ha and 50% RDF + normal water @1000 l/ha, respectively [7].…”

“…Lokanadhan et al [6] also reported that neem seed cake performs the dual function of both fertilizer and pesticide, acts as a soil enricher, reduces the growth of soil pest and bacteria, provides macronutrients essential for all plant growth, helps to increase the yield of plants in long run, biodegradable and environmentally friendly and serves as an excellent soil conditioner. Verma et al [7] also observed significantly higher pods/plant, grains/pod, test weight, grain yield and stalk yield with application of 100% RDF + neem seed extract @100 l/ha as compared to control, 100% RDF + fish wash @100 l/ha, 100% RDF + normal water @1000 l/ha, 75% RDF + vermi wash @100 l/ha, 75% RDF + cow urine @100 l /ha , 75% RDF + neem seed extract @100 l/ha, 75% RDF + fish wash @100 l/ha, 75% RDF + normal water @1000 l/ha, 50% RDF + vermiwash @100 l/ha, 50% RDF + cow urine @100 l/ha, 50% RDF + neem seed extract @100 l/ha and 50% RDF + fish wash @100 l/ha (95.91 g), respectively.…”

Organic Liquid Manures and Bio-Fertilizers: A Tool for Soil and Crop Productivity

“…Saranraj and Imayavaramban (2015) opined that foliar application of vermiwash @ 5 per cent at tillering and flowering stages significantly increased the growth parameters (plant height, number of tillers hill, dry matter production). Studies by Verma et al (2018) showed that 100 per cent recommended dose of fertilizer with vermiwash application recorded higher plant height and leaf area index in redgram.…”

“…Field experiment conducted by Verma et al (2018) revealed that 100 per cent of recommended dose of fertilizer with vermiwash (100 l/ha) produced significantly higher yield on pigeon pea. Seedling root dip of humic acid with foliar spray at 30 and 40 days after transplanting on rice produced higher dry matter production and yield.…”

Significance of vermicompost on crop and soil productivity: A review

“…The same amounts of nutrients (NPK) were supplied with each dose of the three fertilizers and therefore the higher foliar phosphor us content in plants amended with vermicompost presumably corresponds to greater availability of this nutrient in the soil. Vermicompost significantly stimulates the growth of a wide range of plant species including several horticultural crops such as tomato (Hashemimajd et al, 2004;Gutiérrez-Miceli et al, 2007 [26,25,[56][57] , pepper (Arancon et al, 2005) [6] , garlic (Argüello et al, 2006) [8] , aubergine (Gajalakshmi and Abbasi, 2004) [23] , strawberry (Arancon et al, 2004) [7] , sweet corn and green gram (Karmegam et al, 1999) [33] . Vermicompost has also been found to have positive effects on some aromatic and medicinal plants (Anwar et al, 2005; Prabha et al, 2007) [4,43] , cereals such as sorghum and rice (Bhattacharjee et al, 2001 [13,45,52] , fruit crops such as banana and papaya (Cabanas-Echevarria, et al, 2005) [14] , and ornamentals such as geranium (Chand et al, 2007) [16] , marigolds (Atiyeh et al, 2002) [10] , petunia (Arancon et al, 2008) [5] , chrysanthemum (Hidalgo and Harkess, 2002a) [27] and poinsettia (Hidalgo and Harkess, 2002b) [28] .…”