Effects of organic chromium sources on growth performance, lipid metabolism, antioxidant status, breast amino acid and fatty acid profiles in broilers

Abstract

BACKGROUND Trivalent chromium (Cr) is involved in carbohydrate, lipid, protein and nucleic acid metabolism in animals. This study evaluated the effects of different organic Cr forms with Cr methionine (CrMet), Cr picolinate (CrPic), Cr nicotinate (CrNic), and Cr yeast (Cr‐yeast) at the level of 400 μg kg−1 Cr, on growth performance, lipid metabolism, antioxidant status, breast amino acid and fatty acid profiles of broilers. In total, 540 one‐day‐old Arbor Acres male broilers were randomly assigned to five treatments with six replicates (18 broilers per replicate) until day 42. RESULTS The results showed growth performance was not affected by Cr sources. The Cr‐yeast group had lower serum cortisol levels than the CrNic group (P < 0.05). Besides, Cr‐yeast increased methionine and cysteine content in breast compared with the control group. Liver malondialdehyde content was lower in the CrMet group than the CrPic group on day 42 (P < 0.05). The n‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) values were increased, but the n‐6/n‐3 PUFA ratio was decreased in both CrMet and CrNic groups (P < 0.05). There were no significant effects on broilers’ serum antioxidant status and breast total essential amino acid content among all treatments. CONCLUSIONS Diets supplemented with organic Cr could regulate lipid metabolism, and improve amino acid and fatty acid profiles in broiler breast. Moreover, Cr‐yeast was the most effective source in improving methionine and cysteine content, whereas CrMet was more effective than CrNic in increasing n‐3 PUFA value and decreasing n‐6/n‐3 PUFA ratio in breast meat and effectively strengthened liver antioxidant ability than CrPic. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

Dietary Supplemental Chromium Yeast Improved the Antioxidant Capacity, Immunity and Liver Health in Broilers under High Stocking Density

“…This is similar to previous studies. Rajalekshmi al [ 35 ] found that the addition of 100, 200, 400, 800, 1600, and 3200 µg Cr/kg Cr-Pro had no significant effect on the feed intake of broilers under conventional feeding conditions; the addition of 400 µg Cr/kg organic chromium (Cr-Met, Cr-yeast, Cr-Nic, Cr-Pic) in the diet had no significant effect on ADG, ADFI and FCR [ 19 ]. In addition, Ebrahimzadeh et al [ 36 ] reported that adding 200, 400 and 800 µg Cr/kg Cr-Met to the diet had no significant effect on the feed intake of broilers under heat stress; their study pointed out that when 500 and 1000 µg Cr/kg Cr-Met were added to the diet, it significantly increased feed intake and body weight gain of broilers under heat stress [ 33 ].…”

“…It is well known that organic chromium has lower toxicity and higher bioavailability than inorganic chromium [ 15 , 16 ]. Under conventional conditions, adding organic chromium can promote the growth, fast metabolism and antioxidant capacity of broilers [ 17 , 18 , 19 ]. Under the condition of heat stress, chromium picolinate (Cr-Pic) supplementation can reduce the level of corticosterone and increase the level of serotonin in broilers, indicating that Cr(III) may have the effect of relieving stress in broilers [ 20 ].…”

Camelina Meal and Chromium Picolinate Effects on Broiler Thigh Meat Nutritional Properties

“…Other authors noticed the positive influence of Camelina cakes and oils (Orczewska-Dudek andPietras, 2019, Ciurescu et al, 2018), Camelina seeds (Zając et al, (Untea et al, 2019) on fatty acids profile of animal origin food. Positive influence of chromium on reduction of fat percentage of meat but no significant influence on fatty acids profile, was also noticed by Mir et al, 2017. Han et al, 2021, proved that organic sources of chromium used in broilers diets led to significant increase of omega 3 fatty acids of breast meat.…”

Chocolate Byproducts and Protected Fats Enriched with Chromium to Replace Corn in Diets of Early Lactation Holstein Cows: Feed Utilization, Blood Profile, and Lactational Performance

“…Sallam et al (2021) observed increased blood total protein with feeding cows on diets supplemented with PF. It is well known that chromium is involved in protein metabolism (Han et al, 2021). The increase in serum total protein and albumin suggests increased amino acid synthesis in the liver.…”

“…Without affecting other nutrient digestibility, chromium supplementation to the control diet increased CP digestibility. Chromium is involved in protein metabolism (Han et al, 2021). It is well documented that feeding high levels of fatty acids negatively affect nutrient digestibility; however, increased digestibilities of DM (by 4.4, 6.9, and 6.1%), OM (by 6.2, 6.0, and 4.2%), CP (10.9, 8.9, and 6.8%), EE (11.7,9.5,and 7.1%),NSC (13.8,14.6,and 10.9%),and NDF (11.2,18.1 and 15.8%) were observed with diets containing CH, PF, or CHPF, respectively.…”