Effects of orally administered enalapril on blood pressure and hemodynamic response to vasopressors during isoflurane anesthesia in healthy dogs

The overarching purpose of the AAFP Anesthesia Guidelines (hereafter referred to as the 'Guidelines') is to make anesthesia and sedation safer for the feline patient. Scope and accessibility: It is noteworthy that these are the first exclusively feline anesthesia guidelines authored by an expert panel, making them particularly useful as an extensively referenced, practical resource for veterinary practice teams. Because much of the key content is presented in tabular or visual format, the Guidelines have a high level of accessibility and convenience that invites regular usage. While the recommendations in the Guidelines focus primarily on client-owned cats, the content is also applicable to community-sourced animals with an unknown medical history.

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“…For cats receiving enalapril, discontinuation 24-48 h prior to anesthesia may reduce the risk of intraoperative hypotension. 48…”

Section: Hyperthyroidism 21333945mentioning

confidence: 99%

AAFP Feline Anesthesia Guidelines

Robertson¹,

Gogolski²,

Pascoe³

et al. 2018

Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery

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“…The dogs in this study were already receiving furosemide, enalapril or pimobendane, with amlodipine added. Furosemide and enalapril are known to have an impact on systemic arterial pressure, 1 , 19 , 23 , 24 while enalapril may show an interaction with amlodipine with combined administration. 19 As the dogs received varied drugs, the consequent interactions might have exerted an influence on the results of this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amlodipine decreases mitral regurgitation volume in dogs over 7 days: A study of 24 dogs with myxomatous mitral valve degeneration

Park¹,

Oh²,

Lee³

2022

Veterinary Record Open

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Background Amlodipine, a dihydropyridine calcium‐channel blocker, is currently being investigated as a treatment for myxomatous mitral valvular degeneration (MMVD). However, the effects of amlodipine on moderate or severe spontaneous MMVD, based on changes in echocardiographic indices, remain unclear. Animals Client‐owned small‐breed dogs ( n = 24) with naturally occurring MMVD of the American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine (ACVIM) stage B2 or higher. Methods Basic dog information including previous medication treatments were recorded. All subjects received amlodipine 0.1 mg/kg, administered per os, twice daily for 7 days, in addition to their existing medication. We measured systolic blood pressure, obtained x‐ray, echocardiography, blood test data before and after 1 week of amlodipine administration. Results Left ventricular end‐diastolic internal diameter, left atrial diameter and E wave reduced statistically after 1 week of amlodipine treatment (all p < 0.001). No adverse effects were reported. Conclusions These findings suggest that low‐dose amlodipine should be considered as treatment for dogs with ACVIM stage B2‒C MMVD.

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“…If the shunt is large and the PDA is not corrected, the majority of dogs will develop left‐sided congestive heart failure within the first year of life 29 . Patients in congestive heart failure and left ventricular failure should be stabilized before anaesthesia and discontinuation of angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitors in the preoperative period may be considered as it may exacerbate the risk of hypotension in those patients 37 . As the shunt occurs at the level of the great vessels, the right ventricle and right atrium are not initially exposed to the shunted blood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…29 Patients in congestive heart failure and left ventricular failure should be stabilized before anaesthesia and discontinuation of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in the preoperative period may be considered as it may exacerbate the risk of hypotension in those patients. 37 As the shunt occurs at the level of the great vessels, the right ventricle and right atrium are not initially exposed to the shunted blood. If the physiological response progresses, pulmonary and right ventricular pressure may increase, resulting in right ventricular concentric hypertrophy, pulmonary hypertension and minimal or reverse flow (right-to-left shunting PDA).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative anaesthetic management in a reintervention for correction of a left‐to‐right shunting patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in a dog

Medina‐Serra

Palacios

McMillan

2021

Vet Record Case Reports

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A three‐year‐old, male neutered, 2.7 kg Chihuahua was referred for correction of a type IIA, left‐to‐right shunting PDA. The correction of the PDA required two separate interventions. During the first intervention, a minimally invasive transvascular correction of the PDA that was converted to a thoracotomy was suspended after the evidence of iatrogenic haemopericardium. The second intervention, scheduled after the resolution of the haemopericardium, consisted of surgical ligation of the PDA via thoracotomy. Long periods of hypotension (mean arterial pressure below 60 mm Hg) were observed during the first intervention, during which anaesthesia was maintained with a combination of sevoflurane and infusions of fentanyl and lidocaine. The use of total intravenous anaesthesia with alfaxalone in conjunction with locoregional techniques in the second intervention provided smooth anaesthesia with improved cardiovascular stability.

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Effects of orally administered enalapril on blood pressure and hemodynamic response to vasopressors during isoflurane anesthesia in healthy dogs

Cited by 21 publications

References 35 publications

AAFP Feline Anesthesia Guidelines

AAFP Feline Anesthesia Guidelines

Amlodipine decreases mitral regurgitation volume in dogs over 7 days: A study of 24 dogs with myxomatous mitral valve degeneration

Alternative anaesthetic management in a reintervention for correction of a left‐to‐right shunting patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in a dog

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