Effects of oral care provided with three different tools in patients receiving mechanical ventilation<p>Mekanik ventilatöre bağlı hastalarda üç farklı araçla verilen ağız bakımının etkisi

Abstract

Aim: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of oral care provided suction toothbrush, suction sponge stick and sponge stick in patients receiving mechanical ventilation. Material and method:The study was conducted as a quasi-experimental study. Thirty patients who were over 18 years of age and receiving mechanical ventilation comprised the study sample. The patients who met the inclusion criteria were divided into three groups: the suction toothbrush group, the suction sponge stick group and the sponge stick group. The patients in the three groups were provided oral care by the researcher twice a day at 12-hour intervals for 5 days. To collect the data, the socio-demographic characteristics form, the patient follow-up form, the Oral Assessment Follow-up Form and the microbiological follow-up form were used.

Mekani̇k Venti̇latör Desteği̇ndeki̇ Hastalara İki̇ Farkli Yöntemle Veri̇len Ağiz Bakiminin Oral Mukozadaki̇ Bakteri̇yel Koloni̇zasyon Ve Ağiz Sağliği Üzeri̇ne Etki̇si̇

“…In the study by Ozveren, it was indicated that vacuum toothbrush was more effective in oral care and it had an improving effect on oral health. [4] In the study by Marino et al, it was reported that there were significant reductions in gingival index and dental plaques among the patients who were given oral care by toothbrushes. [18] Electrical toothbrushes were found to be more effective than manual toothbrushes in removing plaques and preventing gingivitis.…”

“…Besides, presence of endotracheal tube, presence of pressure on the mucosa, permanent opening of the mouth and adhesive bands or bandages used for the detection of endotracheal tube may cause a disturbance in the integrity of mouth and surrounding tissues. [2][3][4] When sufficient oral hygiene could not be provided in the intensive care patients who could not meet individuals needs independently and who were followed up mostly under sedation, oral problems such as bad breath, alterations in the sense of taste, gingivitis, mouth dryness, lip cracks, stomatitis and mouth ulcers have been observed. [5] Moreover, entry of the bacteria into respiratory tract is facilitated in these patients due to endotracheal tube; and secretion is increased by accompanying disturbance in coughing reflex.…”

“…The increase in secretion causes changes in the oral flora and formation of dental plaques due to the replacement of gram positive bacteria, which generate normal flora in the mouth, by gram negative bacteria. [4,6] These changes also increase the risk for developing ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) among the patients on mechanical ventilatory support. [7] Considering the effect of VAP on the duration of hospitalization and its cost analysis, it was indicated that care costs of a patient increased by 30.000-40.000 dollars with the extension of the duration of hospitalization due to VAP for an average of ten days.…”

“…A regular oral care should be implemented as part of care protocols in order to prevent these problems and to enhance quality of care. [4,8] In the literature, there is not an absolute evidence regarding the frequency of oral care; but there are different data. Data retrieved by daily assessment of oral mucosa may be guiding for determining the frequency of oral care.…”