Effects of operating conditions on THMs and HAAs formation during wastewater chlorination

Sun, Yingxue; Wu, Qian-Yuan; Hu, Hong-Ying; Tian, Jie

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.03.013

Cited by 68 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…1a). The result was different from a previous study which found that more than 96 % of THMs formed in the first 0.25 h during the chlorination of a secondary effluent (Sun et al 2009). This phenomenon indicated that consumption of monochloramine was inconsistent with that of chlorine, the former preferred to monochloramine disproportionation and equilibrium reactions (Duirk et al 2010).…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of operating conditions on trihalomethanes formation and speciation during chloramination in reclaimed water

Wang

Gao

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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In this study, a hybrid powdered activated carbon-membrane bioreactor (PAC-MBR) system was used to treat municipal wastewater in northern China intended for recycle. In order to control microbiological hazards in PAC-MBR effluent, chloramine was chosen as the disinfectant which could reduce the disinfection by-product yields. Effects of reaction time, chloramines dose, pH value, and bromide ion concentration on trihalomethanes (THMs) formation and speciation during chloramination of the reclaimed effluent were investigated. Study results indicated that the yield of total THMs (TTHM) increased at higher reaction time and chloramines dose. The trend of growth showed that slow reacting precursors were the main components of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in PAC-MBR effluent. THMs formation potential of PAC-MBR effluent achieved the maximum at chloramines dosage of 20 mg/L. Meanwhile, THMs formation was enhanced evidently under alkaline conditions. The yields of THMs species were in following order: CHCl3 > CHBrCl2 > CHBr2Cl > CHBr3, although in different reaction time, chloramines dose, and pH value. Furthermore, the formation of Br-THMs was promoted by the increasing concentration of bromide ion.

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…On the contrary, slow reacting precursors need longer reaction time to combine with +1-valent halogens, and their halogenated intermediates were uneasily transformed to generate THMs (Sun et al 2009). The THMs data in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of operating conditions on trihalomethanes formation and speciation during chloramination in reclaimed water

Wang

Gao

et al. 2015

Environ Sci Pollut Res

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“…Disinfection. An investigation of disinfection in a water reclamation process studied the effect of operating conditions such as pH, temperature, chlorine dose and contact time on trihalomethane (THM) and haloacetic acid (HAA) formation (Sun et al, 2009). Formations were found to increase exponentially with increasing chlorine dosage, and significant differences were found in the effects of operating conditions on THM and HAA formation potential between surface water and wastewater disinfection.…”

Section: Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Reclamation and Reuse

Follett¹,

Lee²,

Schmidt³

et al. 2010

Water Environment Research

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A review of the literature published in 2009 on topics relating to water reclamation and reuse is presented. This review is divided into the following sections: (1) General: extent of reuse, research needs, guidelines and monitoring, and health effects, (2) Treatment technologies: integrated process design, electrodialysis/electrodeionization, membrane treatment, wetlands, bioremediation, industrial wastewater treatment, disinfection, and (3) Planning and Management: public acceptance & education, economics and pricing, water quality planning and management and project/case studies.

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“…By 2010, NSW Health had approved 30 designs for small bioreactor systems with forced aeration and tertiary disinfection, 27 of which used sodium hypochlorite tablets. A tendency to overdose to compensate for imbalance in the hydraulic/organic loading ratio was subsequently identified, with a risk of additional disinfection byproduct burden to the environment (Dharmappa and Khalife, 1998;NSW Department of Local Government, 1998;Sun et al, 2009). A risk of aerosolization of pathogenic viruses during forced aeration was also possible (Heinonen-Tanski et al, 2009;Slote, 1976).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wastewater treatment by a modular, domestic-scale reedbed system for safe horticultural irrigation

Derry

Maheshwari

2015

Science of The Total Environment

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Effects of operating conditions on THMs and HAAs formation during wastewater chlorination

Cited by 68 publications

References 25 publications

Effects of operating conditions on trihalomethanes formation and speciation during chloramination in reclaimed water

Effects of operating conditions on trihalomethanes formation and speciation during chloramination in reclaimed water

Water Reclamation and Reuse

Wastewater treatment by a modular, domestic-scale reedbed system for safe horticultural irrigation

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