Effects of omega-3 supplementation as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy on periodontal parameters in periodontitis patients: a randomized clinical trial

Abstract

Objectives This study aimed to assess the effects of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy in patients with periodontitis. Materials and methods This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 30 patients with periodontitis. All patients received standard non-surgical periodontal therapy, and were randomly divided into two groups of intervention and control by a table of random numbers (n = 15). The intervention group consumed 1000 mg natural fish oil soft-gels daily (300 mg Omega-3 marine triglycerides, 180 mg Eicosapentaenoic acid and 120 mg Docosahexaenoic acid) while the control group used soft-gels contained only some soybean oil for 3 months. Clinical attachment loss (CAL), probing depth (PD), and bleeding index (BI) were recorded at baseline (before the intervention) and after 3 months. The two groups were compared regarding the clinical parameters by t-test (alpha = 0.05). Results All three clinical parameters decreased in both groups at 3 months compared with baseline (P = 0.001). The improvement in PD and CAL in the intervention group was significantly greater than that in the control group (P = 0.001); however, the difference in BI was not significant between the two groups (P = 0.283). Conclusion Omega-3 supplementation as an adjunct to non-surgical periodontal therapy significantly improved the clinical parameters in periodontitis patients compared to soybean oil supplements.

Association between Mediterranean diet and periodontitis among US adults: The mediating roles of obesity indicators

“…Fish and olive oil are good dietary sources of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, which can alter cell membrane structure and function and reduce inflammatory processes. 25,26 Vegetables, legumes, and fruits are rich in dietary fiber, vitamins (e.g., vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin D, and vitamin B complex family), [27][28][29][30] minerals (e.g., calcium, magnesium), 27,31,32 and trace elements (e.g., zinc), 33 which were associated with anti-inflammatory and reduction of oxidative stress. Studies have also shown a negative correlation between higher consumption of whole grains and fruits and periodontitis.…”

“…The inverse relationship between MedDiet and periodontitis can be attributed to its beneficial constituents, including fish, olive oil, vegetables, legumes, fruits, and grains. Fish and olive oil are good dietary sources of omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, which can alter cell membrane structure and function and reduce inflammatory processes 25,26 . Vegetables, legumes, and fruits are rich in dietary fiber, vitamins (e.g., vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin D, and vitamin B complex family), 27–30 minerals (e.g., calcium, magnesium), 27,31,32 and trace elements (e.g., zinc), 33 which were associated with anti‐inflammatory and reduction of oxidative stress.…”

Omega-3 nanoemulgel in prevention of radiation-induced oral mucositis and its associated effect on microbiome: a randomized clinical trial

“…Both human and animal studies demonstrated the effect of ω-3 PUFAs on different oral diseases such as gingivitis, periodontal diseases and recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) [ 34 – 39 ]. A recent clinical trial suggested that ω-3 PUFAs may exert a therapeutic potential against chemotherapy-induced mucositis [ 40 ].…”