Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Resting Heart Rate, Heart Rate Recovery After Exercise, and Heart Rate Variability in Men With Healed Myocardial Infarctions and Depressed Ejection Fractions

O’Keefe, James H.; Abuissa, Hussam; Sastre, Antonio; Steinhaus, David; Harris, William S.

doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2005.11.025

Cited by 172 publications

(127 citation statements)

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“…The result was consistent with other studies (McVeigh et al, 1994;Nestel et al, 1997Nestel et al, , 2002O'Keefe et al, 2006). Large arterial stiffening was associated with hypertension, but both are not identified.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Fish oil supplementation improves large arterial elasticity in overweight hypertensive patients

Wang

Sw³

et al. 2007

Eur J Clin Nutr

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Objectives: To observe the effect of fish oil supplementation on arterial elasticity and blood pressure (BP) in overweight hypertensive patients. Subjects and methods: This was a double-blind, randomized and placebo-controlled clinical study, in which 52 overweight hypertensive patients from a community were selected and randomly allocated to two groups (26 in the fish oil group (3 g day À1 , fish oil capsules) and 26 in the placebo group (only capsules). All the subjects were follow-up for 8 weeks. The arterial elasticity was determined by CVProfilor DO-2020 and expressed as elasticity indexes (C 1 -large artery and C 2 -small artery). During the follow-up, totally nine cases were dropped out (three cases from the fish oil group and six cases from the placebo group). Results: After 8 weeks follow-up, the large artery elasticity in the fish oil group, compared with its baseline, was significantly improved (C 1 : 15.571.5 vs 12.873.7 ml mm Hg À1 Â 10), whereas no effects were found in the placebo group (C 1 : 13.073.4 vs 13.473.8 ml mm Hg À1 Â 10), P ¼ 0.027, RM-ANOVA across the two groups. The small artery elasticity (C 2 ), BP and pulse pressure were not found any changes, either in the fish oil group or in the placebo group. At same time, the serum soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1(sVCAM-1) and leptin levels, the lipid profile and insulin sensitivity index (ISI) as well, did not show significant differences between two groups. Conclusions: Fish oil supplementation certainly would improve large arterial elasticity but no effect on BP in overweight hypertensive patients. Further study is needed to confirm the benefits of fish oil supplementation on age-related increases in arterial stiffness.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Fish oil supplementation improves large arterial elasticity in overweight hypertensive patients

Wang

Sw³

et al. 2007

Eur J Clin Nutr

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“…Les effets de la consommation d'huile de poisson ou d'EPA-DHA sur ce paramètre ont été évalués dans des essais randomisés en double insu. Les résultats de ces études sont équivo-ques, ne permettant pas de conclure formellement (Geelen et al, 2004 ;O'Keefe et al, 2006). Cette incertitude reflète en partie l'hétérogénéité des caractéristiques des patients inclus dans les essais de prévention et les difficultés méthodologiques liées au recueil des indicateurs électrocardiographiques de la variabilité du rythme cardiaque.…”

Section: Effets Sur Le Rythme Cardiaque Et Les Arythmiesunclassified

Acides gras oméga-3 et risque cardiovasculaire

Dallongeville

2009

Médecine des Maladies Métaboliques

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Linoleic acid (LA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) are precursors of omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are synthesized from ALA. These fatty acids play important role in various biological functions. The effects of omega-3 on cardiovascular risk factors -such as lipoprotein levels, blood pressure and glycemia -are very modest at standard low doses, significant only for large intakes. Randomized trials have shown that oils enriched in EPA and DHA have an undeniable impact on heart rhythm. Consumers of long-chain fatty acid have lower heart rates than controls. Conversely, patients with established arrhythmias do not appear to benefit from treatment with these fatty acids. The observation of food habits in population cohorts helped to defined the effects of rich in ALA, EPA, DHA on the risk of myocardial infarction, coronary heart disease and sudden death. For ALA the results are inconsistent and appropriate randomized clinical trials are still conclude. The effects of EPA and DHA are better established. The meta-analysis of cohort studies shows that consumption of omega-3 long-chain (EPA-DHA) reduces total mortality, death from cardiac causes, sudden death and possibly stroke. The data from prevention trials with omega-3 long-chain showed a decrease in coronary events, including fatal, in secondary prevention. These results are relatively consistent to believe that EPA and DHA intake reduces the fatal complications of myocardial infarction. Clinical trials in primary prevention are still missing. However, the sum of evidence support the recommendation for consumption of fish, EPA and DHA in patients at high risk of coronary event.Key words: n-3 fatty acids, fish oil, coronary heart disease, triglycerides, sudden death, arrhythmia Le rôle des acides gras oméga-3 dans la préven-tion des maladies cardiovasculaires a fait l'objet de nombreux travaux de recherche, tant du point de vue clinique que fondamental. La convergence des résultats issus des laboratoires, des études cliniques et des enquêtes épidémiologiques a permis de préciser leur rôle dans la physiologie cardiaque. Dans cette revue seront analysés les effets des acides gras oméga-3 à longue chaîne, issus des lipides marins, sur les facteurs de risque cardiovasculaire, la prévention des événements cardiovasculaires et la prévention des troubles du rythme cardiaque.

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“…Very high doses of omega-3 fatty acids (i.e., 8 g/d) have anti-inflammatory effects and improves body composition in heart failure (HF) patients [25]. A dose of DHA + EPA (810 mg/d) given to stable CHD patients decreased resting heart rate, increased post-exercise heart rate recovery, and increased beat-to-beat heart rate variability (in the high frequency band) [11]. These changes are consistent with an augmented vagal tone, indicating the role of omega-3 fatty acids in improving autonomic sympatho-vagal balance [11,15].…”

Section: Benefits Of Omega-3 Fatty Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A dose of DHA + EPA (810 mg/d) given to stable CHD patients decreased resting heart rate, increased post-exercise heart rate recovery, and increased beat-to-beat heart rate variability (in the high frequency band) [11]. These changes are consistent with an augmented vagal tone, indicating the role of omega-3 fatty acids in improving autonomic sympatho-vagal balance [11,15]. Recent work by Moyer et al [26] also corroborated the effects of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on vagal tone by illustrating a significant association between omega-3 fatty acid levels and heart rate recovery, exercise capacity and exercise time.…”

Section: Benefits Of Omega-3 Fatty Acidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Omega-3 fatty acids provides CV benefits through DHA and EPA enrichment of membrane phospholipids [9] which confers several potentially cardio-protective effects, including an increase arrhythmic thresholds [10], reduction in blood pressure [11,12], improved arterial and endothelial function [13], reduced platelet aggregation [14], and a favorable autonomic balance [11,15]. In a large population study of over 100,000 subjects, omega-3 fatty acid intake was shown to be inversely related to the development of type 2 diabetes in women [16].…”

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Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease

Lee¹

2013

J Marine Sci Res Dev

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Citation: Lee JH, Prasad A, Jarreau TK, O'Keefe JH, Milani R, et al. (2011) Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease. J Marine Sci Res Development S1:001. doi:10.4172/2155-9910.S1-001Copyright: © 2011 Lee JH, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Omega-3 fatty acids provides CV benefits through DHA and EPA enrichment of membrane phospholipids [9] which confers several potentially cardio-protective effects, including an increase arrhythmic thresholds [10], reduction in blood pressure [11,12], improved arterial and endothelial function [13], reduced platelet aggregation [14], and a favorable autonomic balance [11,15]. In a large population study of over 100,000 subjects, omega-3 fatty acid intake was shown to be inversely related to the development of type 2 diabetes in women [16]. A meta-analysis by Geleijnse et al. Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease[17], of 22 double blind studies revealed that omega-3 fatty acid intake of about 4 g/d was associated with significant reductions of 1.7 and 1.5 mm Hg in systolic and diastolic pressures, respectively, an effect that was noted to be more pronounced in older patients and in those with higher baseline blood AbstractThe use of omega-3 fatty acids for the secondary prevention of cardiovascular (CV) events has been endorsed by the American Heart Association. A number of key epidemiologic and randomized trials have been the basis for this recommendation. Initially, the GISSI-Prevenzione and JELIS trials demonstrated significant reductions in CV events with the use of omega-3 fatty acids. More recently,the OMEGA, Alpha Omega, and Kowey et al.[37] studies examining omega-3 supplementation in atrial fibrillation have shown conflicting results. Although more recent trials have not shown the robust benefits that were seen in the earlier ones, the balance of evidence still favor the beneficial effects of omega-3 fatty acids. We would recommend the continuation of omega-3 fatty acids in patients with CV disease and in particular heart failure. Citation: Lee JH, Prasad A, Jarreau TK, O'Keefe JH, Milani R, et al. (2011) Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease. J Marine Sci Res Development S1:001.

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Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Resting Heart Rate, Heart Rate Recovery After Exercise, and Heart Rate Variability in Men With Healed Myocardial Infarctions and Depressed Ejection Fractions

Cited by 172 publications

References 17 publications

Fish oil supplementation improves large arterial elasticity in overweight hypertensive patients

Fish oil supplementation improves large arterial elasticity in overweight hypertensive patients

Acides gras oméga-3 et risque cardiovasculaire

Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Cardiovascular Disease

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