Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Immune Cells

Abstract

Alterations on the immune system caused by omega-3 fatty acids have been described for 30 years. This family of polyunsaturated fatty acids exerts major alterations on the activation of cells from both the innate and the adaptive immune system, although the mechanisms for such regulation are diverse. First, as a constitutive part of the cellular membrane, omega-3 fatty acids can regulate cellular membrane properties, such as membrane fluidity or complex assembly in lipid rafts. In recent years, however, a new role for omega-3 fatty acids and their derivatives as signaling molecules has emerged. In this review, we describe the latest findings describing the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on different cells from the immune system and their possible molecular mechanisms.

Spleen Oxylipin and Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Profiles are Altered by Dietary Source of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid and by Sex

“…Reported effects on antibody production are varied, with some demonstrating decreases (Lim et al, ; Weise et al, ) and others demonstrating increases (Hung et al, ; Teague et al, ; Teague et al, ) with n‐3 PUFA supplementation. For innate immune cells, the literature suggests that n‐3 PUFA are consistently anti‐inflammatory (reviewed in Gutierrez et al, ). Many of the effects of dietary PUFA on immune function are likely mediated through changes in oxylipin production.…”

Effect of fish oil and telmisartan on dehydroepiandrosterone‐induced polycystic ovarian syndrome in rats: The role of oxidative stress, transforming growth factor beta‐1, and nuclear factor kappa B

“…Moreover, they were reported to regulate androgen production, possibly by influencing the activity of the enzymes involved in steroid synthesis (Nadjarzadeh et al., 2013). Moreover, omega‐3 fatty acids may affect the inflammatory cascade and the apoptotic pathways that may contribute to the pathogenesis of PCOS (Gutiérrez, Svahn, & Johansson, 2019). Taken together, these properties may confer a promising role to omega 3 fatty acids in the management of PCOS.…”

The diets of sows with fish oil might decrease the oxidative stress and inflammatory response in sows, but increase the susceptibility to inflammatory response in their offspring

“…Myeloid cells represent a major target for LXA4 and re ect the attenuation of NF-κB activity [35][36][37]. Therefore, n-6 PUFA participates in the resolution of in ammation [38]. In addition, the production of LXA4 requires the function of ALOX15 enzyme.…”