Effects of oestrogens upon the sialic acid in the submaxillary and sublingual glands in the rat

Curbelo, H.M.; Houssay, Alberto B.; Gamper, C.H.; Kofoed, J. A.; Tocci, A.A.

doi:10.1016/0003-9969(74)90146-0

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…For example, it has been shown that the adsorption of S. mutans cells to HA disks is influenced by pretreatment of the disks with saliva for various periods of time (5). Changes in salivary composition or flow rate occur after weaning of animals (3, 7, 28) and can be induced by the administration of sex hormones (6,25,27,28). However, in the present studies no differences were observed in the adherence to HA, survival, or aggregation (data not shown) of strain Ny-iR in experiments 5.0 X 101 1.5 X 104 " Numbers of rats infected with each test strain after inoculation of 10 rats with a mixture containing 2.0 x 10' CFU of strain Ny-1R and 3.0 X 10' CFU of strain 6715.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between host age and susceptibility to oral colonization by Actinomyces viscosus in Sprague-Dawley rats

Brecher¹,

Houte²

1979

Infect Immun

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The colonization of Actinomyces viscosus strain Ny-1R on the molar teeth of conventional and ex-germfree rats of various ages fed either a high-sucrose diet, a high-glucose diet, or laboratory chow was studied. Conventional rats directly after weaning and up to 30 days of age are less susceptible to experimental infection by strain Ny-1R than are older rats regardless of the test diet. The relationship between host age and susceptibility to infection is also demonstrable in ex-germfree rats fed a high-sucrose diet. Host factors responsible for the differences in susceptibility were investigated. The results from these studies do not implicate host antibodies, host indigenous flora, or host saliva. In other studies, it was demonstrated that within the mouths of rats, strain Ny-iR preferentially colonizes in the pits and fissures of the molar teeth rather than on the dorsum of the tongue or on the vestibular mucosa. In short-term experiments, it was found that strain Ny-1R attaches to the first molars of 40-day-old conventional rats to a greater extent than it attaches to the first molars of 20-day-old rats. The differences in attachment and subsequent colonization of strain Ny-iR in 20-and 40-day-old rats may be related to the varying amounts of the reduced enamel epithelium and connective tissue present in the fissures of the molar teeth. Actinomyces spp. are among the predominant organisms in human dental plaque (1, 18, 26) and have been implicated in the etiology of certain types of periodontal disease (20, 21, 26, 29, 30), root surface caries (19, 31, 32), and fissure caries (16). However, little is known about the factors that govern their establishment in the mouth. Information about the mechanisms involved in the colonization of Actinomyces spp. on oral surfaces or the susceptibility of a host to infection by these organisms may aid in the prevention and eradication of oral infections by Actinomyces spp. Recent studies suggest that Sprague-Dawley rats up to the age of about 3 months are more susceptible to infection by strains of Streptococcus mutans than are older rats (36). These observations with S. mutans, presently considered as an important causative agent in dental caries (15, 34), prompted similar investigation of the role of host age in the susceptibility of rats to infection by Actinomyces viscosus. MATERIALS AND METHODS Animals and diet. Conventional male Sprague-Dawley rats of various ages were obtained from Charles River Breeding Laboratories, Wilmington, Mass. Mothers and male pups were caged together until weaning of the pups at 17 to 21 days of age. All rats were individually housed in screen-bottomed stainless steel cages without bedding and were provided with experimental diet and drinking water ad libitum. The experimental diet consisted of 34.7% vitamin-free casein, 5% salt mixture W, and 3.5% brewers' yeast extract (all from Nutritional Biochemicals Corp., Cleveland, Ohio); this was supplemented with either 56% sucrose or 56% glucose. In some experiments, pelleted laboratory chow (Ralst...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between host age and susceptibility to oral colonization by Actinomyces viscosus in Sprague-Dawley rats

Brecher¹,

Houte²

1979

Infect Immun

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“…Certain adrenergic antagonists (phentolamine, reserpine) appear to potentiate or mimic these effects of isoproterenol (Mandel & Katz, 1968;Martinez et al, 1975a, b). Submandibular glands produce sialic acid-rich glycoproteins which bind Ca2f readily (Leung & Draus, 1962;Rolla & Jonsen, 1967), and the sialic acid content of submandibular glands is increased following isoproterenol administration (Shackleford & Klapper, 1962;Byrt & Glanvill, 1967;Curbelo et al, 1968). If calcium is responsible for intra-granule aggregation of secretory material, one would expect the saliva from male rats to possess higher Ca2+ concentrations than females.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology and cytochemistry of acinar secretory granules in normal and isoproterenol‐treated rat submandibular glands

Simson

Dom

Sannes

et al. 1978

Journal of Microscopy

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Several fixation procedures have been utilized in a fine-structural study of rat submandibular glands with the aim of correlating the morphology of granule substructure with its composition. Procedures included fixation with aldehyde in a variety of buffers, with or without fixation additives such as tannic acid or calcium chloride. Both immersion and perfusion fixation studies were performed. Osmium tetroxide postfixed tissue was compared with non-postfixed tissue. Thin sections were stained for carbohydrate-containing constituents by either periodic acid-thiocarbohydrazide-silver proteinate or tannic acid-ferric chloride sequences. The morphology and cytochemistry of acinar secretory granules were highly dependent upon the fixation procedure utilized. In postfixed tissue, fine filaments and vesicles were the major granule constituents. Filaments often aggregated into fibrils in fixatives containing phosphate buffer or calcium, whereas vesicles were prominent with fixatives containing collidine buffer. Tannic acid, as a fixation additive, imparted enhanced density to the peripheral rim of aggregated filaments. If post fixation was eliminated, an amorphous meshlike material was the major granule component. This stained readily with methods for carbohydrate whereas the granules of post-osmicated tissue did not. Following chronic isoproterenol treatment the degree of filament aggregation in postfixed tissue was augmented, and this corresponded to an increase in amount of material stainable for carbohydrate in non-post-osmicated tissue.

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“…However, sexual maturity is reached earlier and also the serum levels of gonadotropic or sex hormones in this rat strain or in others undergo major changes prior to that time(5,7). Furthermore, the administration of sex hormones, e.g., estrogens, to rats induces morphological changes in their salivary glands and in the salivary sialic acid content as well as changes in their caries experience(6,23,25). Recently, sex hormone administration to humans has been shown to lead to changes in the protein content, sialic acid, fucose or hexosamine content, or the electrolyte concentration of saliva(24).…”

mentioning

confidence: 92%

Decreased oral colonization of Streptococcus mutans during aging of Sprague-Dawley rats

Houte¹,

Upeslacis²,

Edelstein³

1977

Infect Immun

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Effects of oestrogens upon the sialic acid in the submaxillary and sublingual glands in the rat

Cited by 8 publications

References 7 publications

Relationship between host age and susceptibility to oral colonization by Actinomyces viscosus in Sprague-Dawley rats

Relationship between host age and susceptibility to oral colonization by Actinomyces viscosus in Sprague-Dawley rats

Morphology and cytochemistry of acinar secretory granules in normal and isoproterenol‐treated rat submandibular glands

Decreased oral colonization of Streptococcus mutans during aging of Sprague-Dawley rats

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