Effects of oculomotor rehabilitation on the cognitive performance of dyslexic children with concurrent eye movement abnormalities

Jafarlou, Fatemeh; Jarollahi, Farnoush; Ahadi, Mohsen; Sadeghi-Firoozabadi, Vahid

doi:10.1080/03004430.2020.1793759

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Thus, the more robust improvement in delayed free recall in present study is very encouraging and convincing. In addition, the present study is consistent with our previous findings on children with ADHD 40 , 41 . That is, our previous studies reported better saccadic eye movement control and inhibitory control on children with ADHD after training; the present experiment further showed the positive effects on learning, memory, and reading abilities on children with learning difficulty.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Also, abnormal eye movement control has commonly seen in patients with brain disorders, including Alzheimer’s disease 5 – 7 , mild cognitive impairment 8 – 10 , Parkinson’s disease 11 – 13 , frontotemporal dementia 14 – 16 , autism spectrum disorders (ASD) 17 – 19 , ADHD 20 – 22 , and specific learning disorder (SpLD) 23 – 25 . Some emerging studies have provided some support for the efficacy and potential of eye-tracking-based training as a cognitive intervention 26 – 40 . In particular, studies reported positive effects on improving attention, memory and executive functions in post-stroke patients 29 , 30 , significant improvement in attention and impulsivity in children with ADHD 26 , 28 , improvement in reading 31 , 38 , comprehension 31 , executive function 40 , visual attention and verbal memory 39 in children with dyslexia, reduction in repetitive behaviors 35 , and improvement in visual sustained attention 33 and emotion recognition 36 in children with ASD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some emerging studies have provided some support for the efficacy and potential of eye-tracking-based training as a cognitive intervention 26 – 40 . In particular, studies reported positive effects on improving attention, memory and executive functions in post-stroke patients 29 , 30 , significant improvement in attention and impulsivity in children with ADHD 26 , 28 , improvement in reading 31 , 38 , comprehension 31 , executive function 40 , visual attention and verbal memory 39 in children with dyslexia, reduction in repetitive behaviors 35 , and improvement in visual sustained attention 33 and emotion recognition 36 in children with ASD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Eye-tracking training improves the learning and memory of children with learning difficulty

Chan

Lee

Sze

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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Children who experience difficulty in learning at mainstream schools usually are provided with remediation classes after school to facilitate their learning. The present study aims to evaluate an innovative eye-tracking training as possible alternative remediation. Our previous findings showed that children who received eye-tracking training demonstrated improved attention and inhibitory control, and the present randomized controlled study aims to evaluate if eye-tracking training can also enhance the learning and memory of children. Fifty-three primary school students with learning difficulty (including autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, specific learning disorder, specific language impairment and borderline intellectual functioning) were recruited and randomly assigned to either the Eye-tracking Training group or the after-school remediation class. They were assessed on their learning and memory using the Hong Kong List Learning Test before and after 8-month training. Twenty weekly parallel sessions of training, 50 min per session, were provided to each group. Children who received the eye-tracking training, not those in the control group, showed a significant improvement in memory as measured by the delayed recall. In addition, the Eye-Tracking Training group showed significantly faster learning than the control group. Also, the two groups showed a significant improvement in their reading abilities. In sum, eye-tracking training may be effective training for enhancing the learning and memory of children with learning difficulties.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Eye-tracking training improves the learning and memory of children with learning difficulty

Chan

Lee

Sze

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

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“…Nevertheless, compared to typical readers, difficulty in decoding results in different eye-tracking reading paths for those with reading difficulties, such as dyslexia ( 29 ; 45 ; 48 ). These paths, might show that higher-level of attention is allocated on more basic oculomotor processes and probably this is what in turn leads to lower ability in understanding the words per se ( 22 ; 46 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silent versus reading out loud modes: An eye-tracking study

Smyrnakis

Andreadakis²,

Andriani³

et al. 2021

JEMR

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The main purpose of this study is to compare the silent and loud reading ability of typical and dyslexic readers, using eye-tracking technology to monitor the reading process. The participants (156 students of normal intelligence) were first divided into three groups based on their school grade, and each subgroup was then further separated into typical readers and students diagnosed with dyslexia. The students read the same text twice, one time silently and one time out loud. Various eye-tracking parameters were calculated for both types of reading. In general, the performance of the typical students was better for both modes of reading - regardless of age. In the older age groups, typical readers performed better at silent reading. The dyslexic readers in all age groups performed better at reading out loud. However, this was less prominent in secondary and upper secondary dyslexics, reflecting a slow shift towards silent reading mode as they age. Our results confirm that the eye-tracking parameters of dyslexics improve with age in both silent and loud reading, and their reading preference shifts slowly towards silent reading. Typical readers, before 4th grade do not show a clear reading mode preference, however, after that age they develop a clear preference for silent reading.

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“…Rehabilitation in CVI in the most severe cases has focused on the patient's fixation and pursuit of a target [10]. Saccade, tracking (pursuit) and fixation exercises are commonly used rehabilitation methods across different patient groups and ages [11,12]. A scoping review by Williams and colleagues [13] highlighted two studies where training eye movements resulted in improvements [14,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oculomotor control in children with Special Educational Needs (SEN): the development and piloting of a novel app-based therapeutic intervention

2021

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Children with Special Educational Needs (SEN) often have impaired eye movement control which can impact on a wide range of everyday activities including in the classroom, socialising, participation in sport or crossing a road. Although some health practitioners offer eye movement therapies these tend not to have been systematically developed or evaluated. We have developed a new app to deliver eye movement training, based on detailed scientific understanding of eye movement control and extensive clinical experience with this patient group. We first investigated the acceptability of the app within several schools and made modifications based on detailed feedback from the children. Next, we conducted a pilot study to test the feasibility of using the app with 12 children (5–17 years old) who had SEN. The children successfully undertook app-based training for 10 min per day for 4–5 weeks. There was a high level of attendance and no attrition. We found some variation across participants in their ability to play on the app and the level of engagement. This indicates that pre-assessing children for ability and engagement may be important. This encouraging proof of concept study justifies the development of a full study. Given the time and money spent on existing commercially-offered or internet-based non-validated therapies, this would have substantial patient benefit regardless of the outcome: evidence of no effect could reassure parents that this kind of treatment was not needed, whilst evidence of effect suggests this as a useful treatment for children with poor oculomotor control.

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Effects of oculomotor rehabilitation on the cognitive performance of dyslexic children with concurrent eye movement abnormalities

Cited by 9 publications

References 48 publications

Eye-tracking training improves the learning and memory of children with learning difficulty

Eye-tracking training improves the learning and memory of children with learning difficulty

Silent versus reading out loud modes: An eye-tracking study

Oculomotor control in children with Special Educational Needs (SEN): the development and piloting of a novel app-based therapeutic intervention

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