Effects of oak (Quercus ilex) tannins on digestion and nitrogen balance in sheep and goats

Narjisse, H.; Elhonsali, M.A.; Olsen, John D.

doi:10.1016/0921-4488(95)00700-0

Cited by 41 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…This could be explained either by a different rumen microbial population in goats and sheep as some works suggest (Brooker et al, 2000;Yá ñ ez Ruiz et al, 2004) or by a more efficient overall N recycling in goats (Narjisse et al, 1995). Nú ñ ez-Herná ndez et al (1991) reported a higher N digestibility in goats than in lambs when fed mountain mahogany (Cercocarpus montanus) leaves treated or untreated with PEG.…”

Section: Nutrient Apparent Digestibilitymentioning

confidence: 95%

A comparative study of the effect of two-stage olive cake added to alfalfa on digestion and nitrogen losses in sheep and goats

Yáñez-Ruíz

Molina-Alcaide

2007

Animal

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This work was conducted to evaluate the effect of tannins, contained in a by-product derived from olive oil extraction (two-stage olive cake), on nutrient digestibility, nitrogen (N) losses and liver and kidney functions in goats and wethers. Six Segureñ a wethers and six Granadina goats were fed three experimental diets: alfalfa hay (AH); alfalfa hay and a concentrate (formulated with twostage olive cake, barley and a mineral-vitamin mixture) without (AHCO) or with polyethylene glycol (PEG) addition (AHCOP). The inclusion of two-stage olive cake increased condensed tannins content of the diet and led to a decrease ( P , 0.001) in dry matter, organic matter, neutral-detergent fibre, acid-detergent fibre and crude protein (CP) digestibility. PEG supply increased ( P , 0.001) CP digestibility and N losses in urine and faeces only in wethers. Concentrations of creatinine and alkaline phosphatase activity, measured in the serum of animals, were not modified either by olive cake inclusion or by PEG supply. Results from this work indicate a higher sensitivity of sheep to diets containing condensed tannins, compared with goats, and reveal no toxic effect of tannins from two-stage olive cake at the concentration used in the experimental diets.

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Section: Nutrient Apparent Digestibilitymentioning

confidence: 95%

A comparative study of the effect of two-stage olive cake added to alfalfa on digestion and nitrogen losses in sheep and goats

Yáñez-Ruíz

Molina-Alcaide

2007

Animal

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“…The importance of CT in plant-herbivore interactions has been well established in studies involving woody species and small ruminants widely distributed in the Mediterranean region [42], and has been tested for Q. ilex [33]. The intake of some Mediterranean shrubs and trees, such are Q. calliprinos, Pistacia lentiscus and C. siliqua, is limited by its high tannin content [43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…sheep) are more sensitive than others, which may even derive some benefit from high tannin diets (e.g. goats) [33]. Moderate concentrations (2−4%) of CT exert some beneficial effects on sheep nutrition, whereas diets with high concentrations (6−12%) depress voluntary feed intake, digestive efficiency and animal productivity [3].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of resource availability on condensed tannins and nitrogen in two Quercus species differing in leaf life span

2007

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-Seedlings of Quercus ilex and Q. cerrioides, an evergreen and a winter-deciduous oak co-occurring in western-Mediterranean forests, were grown at two light regimes (8 and 36% of photosynthetically active radiation), at two water regimes (500 and 800 mm) and with two nutrient availabilities (standard substrate and 7% increase in soil N). The concentrations of soluble condensed tannins (CT) and nitrogen in the leaves were analyzed to test the phenotypic plasticity of these commonly related parameters in two con-generic species with contrasting leaf habit. Q. ilex contains seven times more CT and a few less N than Q. cerrioides. Light increased CT, whereas neither fertilization nor water had an effect on CT. N concentration was decreased by light, increased by fertilization and not affected by water treatment. Plant growth was increased by light but not affected by fertilization or water treatment. CT were negatively correlated with N concentration. CT of the evergreen species exhibited greater plasticity than the deciduous one as reflected by a steeper negative correlation among nitrogen and CT concentrations in Q. ilex. Given the antiherbivory activity of CT, this implies that in less shaded environments, e.g. canopy aperture by disturbances, leaf tissue quality for herbivores will be much more reduced in Q. ilex than in Q. cerrioides. Higher leaf CT in Q. ilex and its higher plasticity to light availability may explain the higher browsing by sheep in Q. cerrioides than in Q. ilex resprouts, as well as the low recruitment rates of seedlings of the former species, reported in other studies.condensed tannins / deciduous / evergreen / Quercus ilex / Quercus cerrioides / herbivory Résumé -Effets de la disponibilité de la ressource sur les tanins condensés et l'azote chez deux espèces de Quercus différentes pour la durée de vie de leurs feuilles. Des semis de Quercus ilex et Quercus cerrioides, une espèce sempervirente et une espèce décidue co-existantes dans les forêts méditerranéennes occidentales, ont été élevés sous deux régimes lumineux (8 et 36 % de PAR), deux régimes d'alimentation hydrique (500 et 800 mm) et avec deux niveaux d'alimentation nutritionnelle (substrat standard et substrat avec une augmentation d'azote de 7 %). Les concentrations des tanins solubles condensés (CT) et d'azote des feuilles ont été analysées pour tester la plasticité phénotypique de ces paramètres couramment rapportés chez deux espèces de même genre ayant des types différents de feuilles. Quercus ilex contient 7 fois plus de CT et un peu moins d'azote que Quercus cerrioides. La lumière accroît CT alors que ni la fertilisation ni l'eau ont eu un effet sur CT. La concentration en azote a diminué avec l'augmentation de la lumière, elle a été augmentée par la fertilisation et n'a pas été affectée par le niveau d'alimentation hydrique. La croissance des semis a été augmentée par l'augmentation du PAR mais n'a pas été affectée par la fertilisation ou le niveau d'alimentation en eau. CT a été corrélée avec la concentration en azot...

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“…The tannin-proline-rich protein complexes formed, unlike other protein-tannin complexes, are stable across the whole pH range of the digestive tract. This might cancel their negative effect on palatability, and therefore on feed intake, and improve the digestion of tannin-rich feeds (Robbins et al, 1987;Austin et al, 1989;McArthur et al, 1995;Narjisse et al, 1995).…”

Section: Voluntary Feed Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

“…It would seem very likely that, throughout evolution, herbivores would have developed different adaptive mechanisms for the consumption of tannin-rich plants (Robbins et al, 1987;Leinmüller et al, 1991;Hagerman et al, 1992;Narjisse et al, 1995). Browsing animals secrete proline-rich proteins constantly, while sheep, for example, only produce them when consuming plants rich in tannins (Robbins et al, 1987;Austin et al, 1989).…”

Section: Voluntary Feed Intakementioning

confidence: 99%

Review. Tannins and ruminant nutrition

Frutos¹,

Hervás²,

Giráldez³

et al. 2004

Span. j. agric. res.

397

284

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Tannins are a complex group of polyphenolic compounds found in a wide range of plant species commonly consumed by ruminants. They are conventionally classified into two major groups: the hydrolysable and the condensed tannins. Although for a long time tannins were thought to be detrimental to ruminants, their effect may be either beneficial or harmful depending on the type of tannin consumed, its chemical structure and molecular weight, the amount ingested, and the animal species involved. High concentrations of tannins reduce voluntary feed intake and nutrient digestibility, whereas low to moderate concentrations may improve the digestive utilisation of feed mainly due to a reduction in protein degradation in the rumen and a subsequent increase in amino acid flow to the small intestine. These effects on nutrition are reflected in animal performance.

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Effects of oak (Quercus ilex) tannins on digestion and nitrogen balance in sheep and goats

Cited by 41 publications

References 19 publications

A comparative study of the effect of two-stage olive cake added to alfalfa on digestion and nitrogen losses in sheep and goats

A comparative study of the effect of two-stage olive cake added to alfalfa on digestion and nitrogen losses in sheep and goats

Effects of resource availability on condensed tannins and nitrogen in two Quercus species differing in leaf life span

Review. Tannins and ruminant nutrition

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