Effects of Nutritional Copper Deficiency on the Biomechanical Properties of Bone and Arterial Elastin Metabolism in the Chick

Rucker, Robert B.; Riggins, Richard S.; Laughlin, Rick E.; Chan, M. M.; Chen, M.; Tom, K.

doi:10.1093/jn/105.8.1062

Cited by 72 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…No ultrastructural report has been available on the arteries of copper-deficient deer or their elastic fibrous disorder. Morphological changes such as fragmentation and irregular clumps of elastic fibers, as pointed out in the present study, are similar to the findings in pigs [4,25,26,27], chickens [2,15,17,21,24], rats [12] and rabbit [13] in experimental copper deficiency. The major protein constituting elastic fibers of the aortic wall is elastin, which corresponds to 50% of the dry weight of the aorta [1].…”

supporting

confidence: 91%

Ultrastructure of Aortic Elastic Fibers in Copper-Deficient Sika Deer(Cervus nippon Temminck).

Yoshikawa

Wang²,

Seo

et al. 2001

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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ABSTRACT. Light microscopic and transmission and scanning electron microscopic observations were performed on the aortas of two 4-and 6-year-old deer affected with cervine ataxia and two 6-month-and 4-year-old healthy deer. Examination of the aortas from affected deer by transmission electron microscopy revealed the absence of distinct elastic laminae in the internal elastic lamina and tunica media, but discontinuous and irregular clumps of elastin were present. Scanning electron microscopy disclosed immature architecture of elastic fibers in the aortas from the copper-deficient deer, and the architecture was similar to that of a 6-month-old healthy deer.

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supporting

confidence: 91%

Ultrastructure of Aortic Elastic Fibers in Copper-Deficient Sika Deer(Cervus nippon Temminck).

Yoshikawa

Wang²,

Seo

et al. 2001

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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“…Similarly, ruminants deficient in P have demonstrated spontaneous bone fractures, osteoporosis, and poor bone mineralization (Shupe et al, 1988;McDowell, 1992;Puls, 1994). Although Cu deficiency reduces the cross-linkages in bone collagen (Rucker et al, 1969(Rucker et al, , 1975, P deficiency causes a decrease in the mineral content of the organic matrices of bone (McDowell, 1992). Either Cu or P deficiency could be responsible for inducing antler fragility.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineral Deficiencies in Tule Elk, Owens Valley, California

Johnson

Bleich

Krausman

2007

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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ABSTRACT:Male tule elk (Cervus elaphus nannodes) are susceptible to high rates of antler breakage in Owens Valley, California. We hypothesized that a mineral deficiency in the diet predisposed male elk to antler breakage. We analyzed elk antler, liver, and forage samples to identify mineral imbalances. We compared the mineral content of livers and antlers from elk in Owens Valley to samples taken from tule elk at Grizzly Island Wildlife Area, a population experiencing normal rates (,5%) of antler breakage. Antler and liver samples were collected from 1989 to 1993, and in 2002, and were tested for calcium (Ca), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), and zinc (Zn). Mineral levels from antler and liver samples were compared to reference values established for elk and deer. We also compared the mineral content of elk forage in Owens Valley, collected in 2002-03, to dietary reference values established for cattle. In antlers, Ca, Fe, and Mg levels were higher in Owens Valley elk than in Grizzly Island elk, although all mineral levels were lower than reference values established for deer antlers. In liver samples, Cu levels from elk in Owens Valley were lower than those from Grizzly Island and lower than minimum reference values; liver Ca and Mo levels were higher in elk from Owens Valley than in those from Grizzly Island. Compared to reference values, elk forage in Owens Valley had high levels of Ca and Mo, and low levels of Cu, P, and Zn. Mineral analyses from antlers, livers, and forage suggest that tule elk in the Owens Valley are Cu and/or P deficient. High levels of Mo and Ca may exacerbate Cu and P deficiencies, respectively. Bone fragility is a symptom of both deficiencies, and an imbalance in Cu, P, or a combination of both, may predispose male tule elk in the Owens Valley to antler breakage.

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“…Estes resultados estão de acordo com os reportados por Rucker et al (1975), que também não observaram problemas de pernas ou fragilidades ósseas em frangos alimentados com dieta contendo mais de 1 ppm de Cu.…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Níveis nutricionais de cobre para frangos de corte machos e fêmeas nas fases de crescimento e terminação

et al. 2005

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RESUMO -Com o objetivo de determinar a exigência de cobre (Cu) para frangos de corte nas fases de crescimento (22 -42 dias) e terminação (43 -54 dias), dois experimentos foram conduzidos, utilizando-se 288 e 196 aves, metade machos e metade fêmeas, respectivamente. Elaboraram-se duas dietas basais, atendendo às exigências nutricionais das aves nas fases estudadas, com exceção do Cu, que ficou deficiente em 1,40 e 1,33 ppm, respectivamente. Os tratamentos de ambos os experimentos consistiram dos níveis de suplementação de Cu, provenientes do sulfato de Cu, resultando em um total de 1,40; 4,90; 8,40; 11,90; 15,40 e 18,90 ppm de Cu na dieta para a fase de crescimento e 1, 33; 4,83; 8,33; 11,83; 15,33 e 18,83 ppm de Cu para a fase final. As variáveis avaliadas foram: ganho de peso, consumo de ração, conversão alimentar e concentração de Cu no osso, no fígado e no soro. Os níveis de Cu, em ambas as fases, não influenciaram o desempenho das aves e a concentração de Cu no osso, havendo, porém, efeito sobre as concentrações de Cu no fígado e no soro na fase de crescimento. Na fase de terminação, somente houve efeito dos níveis de Cu da dieta sobre a concentração de Cu no fígado. Na fase de crescimento, optou-se pelo valor de exigência estimado pela variável Cu no soro, que foi de 11,1 ppm. Para a fase de terminação, conclui-se que os níveis de Cu de 8,5 a 11 ppm, normalmente presentes em dietas à base de milho e farelo de soja, são suficientes para o adequado desenvolvimento animal.Palavras-chave: exigência, fígado, mineral, osso, soro Copper Nutritional Levels for Male and Female Broilers in the Growing and Finishing PhasesABSTRACT -Two experiments, with 288 and 196 birds, half males and half females, respectively, were carried out to determine the copper (Cu) requirements for broilers in the growing (from 22 to 42 days) and finishing (from 43 to 54 days) phases. Two basal diets were formulated to meet the bird nutritional requirements, except for Cu, that was deficient at the levels of 1.40 and 1.33 ppm, respectively. The treatments of both experiments consisted of the Cu supplementation levels, from Cu sulfate, resulting in a total of 1. 40, 4.90, 8.40, 11.90, 15.40 and 18.90 ppm Cu in the diet for the growing of phase and 1. 33, 4.83, 8.33, 11.83, 15.33 and 18.33 ppm Cu in the finishing phase. Average weight gain, feed intake, feed:gain ratio and Cu concentration in the bone, liver and serum were the evaluated variables. Copper levels, in the both phases, did not affect bird performance and Cu concentration in the bone. However, effect on the Cu concentration in the liver and serum was observed in the growing phase. In the finishing phase, Cu levels affected only Cu concentration in the liver. In the growing phase, was choosen the requirement value estimated by the variable Cu concentration in the serum, which was 11.1 ppm. In the finishing phase, levels of 8.5 to 11 ppm, commonly present in corn and soybean meal based diets, are adequate to animal performance.Key Words: requirement, liver, mineral, bone, serum Intr...

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Effects of Nutritional Copper Deficiency on the Biomechanical Properties of Bone and Arterial Elastin Metabolism in the Chick

Cited by 72 publications

References 19 publications

Ultrastructure of Aortic Elastic Fibers in Copper-Deficient Sika Deer(Cervus nippon Temminck).

Ultrastructure of Aortic Elastic Fibers in Copper-Deficient Sika Deer(Cervus nippon Temminck).

Mineral Deficiencies in Tule Elk, Owens Valley, California

Níveis nutricionais de cobre para frangos de corte machos e fêmeas nas fases de crescimento e terminação

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