Effects of nutrient availability on the production of pentaynene, a secondary compound related to defense, in Rudbeckia hirta

Abstract

This study focused on the effect of different availabilities of mineral resources in hydroponic culture on the production of polyacetylenic defences of Rudbeckia hirta L. Specifically, we investigated if there was any difference concerning the amount of pentaynene, measured with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), produced in flowers of plants grown at high light intensity (500 m m m m mol m ----2 s ----1 photosynthetic photon flux density) and two levels of mineral resources (full strength and 1/5 dilution) in a hydroponic solution . A working hypothesis was that the concentration of secondary compounds would increase with decreasing nutrient supply, in accordance with the carbon:nutrient balance hypothesis. The amount of pentaynene produced in the flowers of R. hirta decreased with increasing flower age but increased significantly when the plant was subjected to a reduced nutrient availability. The decrease in pentaynene concentrations with flower age was also less pronounced in the nutrient-stressed plants.

Biosynthesis and function of polyacetylenes and allied natural products

“…The variable photoactivities are indicative of a range of mechanisms of actions. The level of 11E in R. hirta increases with mineral stress consistent with stress activation of secondary metabolism [498]. The concentration of the new acetylenic alkamide 46G, which was co-isolated with known alkamides (46H-I), in Chrysanthemum morifolium varieties tracked with the plant's resistance to the greenhouse pest western flower thrip (Frankliniella occidentalis) [499].…”

Effect of hydroponic and peat-free media in transplant production of Rudbeckia hirta varieties under different photoperiodic lighting and their photosynthetic parameters

“…Based on the results of the soilless seedling cultivation experiments and literature data (Luczkiewcz & Cisowski, 2001;Almeida-Cortez et al, 2003;Elkins & van Iersel, 2020), the investigated Rudbeckia hirta varieties ('Napfény', 'Toto Gold', 'Autumn Colors' and 'Prairie Sun') are suitable both in the aeroponics system (GHE Rainforest72) and in 100% perlite for growing with the adequate nutrient solutions. The soil-free, hydroponic cultivation of Rudbeckia may be contributed to utilize widely as indoor and outdoor flowering plants, even in controlled or vertical cultivation systems, or in facilities (e.g.…”

“…These compounds are obtained primarily on the roots, therefore hydroponic cultivation systems and media can facilitate easier extractions (reducing contaminants and root loss). With the adequate nutrient solution and light treatments, even the amount of these secondary metabolites and various compounds could be influenced (Almeida-Cortez, 2003;Moldovan et al, 2017).…”

“…One of the alternatives, hydroponic cultivation of plants has been a well-known and widespread technology also in ornamental plant cultivation (especially cut flowers, foliage and flowering production) (Sardare & Shraddha, 2013;Roberto & Runkle, 2017). There are a few online available literatures of hydroponic cultivation of Rudbeckia hirta, and primarily are focused on the effect of different nutrients to detection of secondary compounds (Almeida-Cortez et al, 2003).…”

Chemical Composition and Pharmacological Potential of Rudbeckia hirta L. Review

“…The flavonoid composition of the petals of Rudbeckia hirta L. is most fully described in [6] and additionally includes: The most studied polyacetylene of Rudbeckia hirta L. is pentaenene, for which the laws of biosynthesis, the optimal conditions for the isolation and quantitative determination have been revealed [22,23].…”