Effects of non‐thermal atmospheric pressure pulsed plasma on the adhesion and durability of resin composite to dentin

Abstract

This study investigated the effect of low-power, non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma (NT-APP) treatments, in pulsed and conventional modes, on the adhesion of resin composite to dentin and on the durability of the bond between resin composite and dentin. A pencil-type NT-APP jet was applied in pulsed and conventional modes to acid-etched dentin. The microtensile bond strength (MTBS) of resin composite to dentin was evaluated at 24 h and after thermocycling in one control group (no plasma) and in two experimental groups (pulsed plasma and conventional plasma groups) using the Scotchbond Multi-Purpose Plus Adhesive System. Data were analyzed using two-factor repeated-measures anova and Weibull statistics. Fractured surfaces and the bonded interfaces were evaluated using a field-emission scanning electron microscope. Although there were no significant differences between the plasma treatment groups, the plasma treatment improved the MTBS compared with the control group. After thermocycling, the MTBS did not decrease in the control or conventional plasma group but increased in the pulsed plasma group. Thermocycling increased the Weibull moduli of plasma-treated groups. In conclusion, plasma treatment using NT-APP improved the adhesion of resin composite to dentin. Using a pulsed energy source, the energy delivered to the dentin was effectively reduced without any reduction in bond strength or durability.

Nonthermal Atmospheric Plasmas in Dental Restoration

“…Scanning electron microscope images (Fig. 4c, d) also showed that resin tags were longer and more tortuous with lateral projections (Han et al 2014;Zhang et al 2014), reflecting an enhanced penetration of resin into dentin tubules and tubule branches thanks to more hydrophilic tubule walls as a result of NTAP treatment. The results were consistent with the notion (mentioned in the Dental Surface Modification section) that NTAP could increase the hydrophilicity/wettability of dentin collagen or substrates, which caused the preferential infiltration of hydrophilic components.…”

“…With a fixed treatment time of 30 s, significantly higher µTBS was recorded on NTAP-treated dentin, and fractographic analysis revealed that NTAP-treated specimens exhibited less frequent interfacial and mixed failures (Dong et al 2013). In a recent study, Han et al (2014) used a 3-step total-etch adhesive for bonding to dentin. The NTAP treatment (30 s) followed acid etching and preceded rewetting and primer application.…”

“…naeslundii, C. albicans, S. gordonii, S. mutans, S. oralis, and S. sanguinis inhibited on agar plates Duarte et al 2011 He at 50 sccm Vrms (1.13 to 1.98 kV), Irms (7.07 to 14.14 mA), and 15 kHz 60 s Improved surface hydrophilicity on dental ceramics Han et al 2012 He at 2,000 sccm Conventional: 2.4 kV, 2.5 mA, and 8.0 kHz Pulsed: ~2 kV, 0.4 kHz, and 5 voltage peaks (500 ns) at 12.5-ms intervals 30 s Reduced water contact angle on dentin; increased µTBS of Scotchbond Multi-Purpose Plus to dentin immediately and after 5,000 cycles of thermocycling Han et al 2014 Ar at 5,000 sccm 8 W 30 s Reduced water contact angle on dentin; increased immediate µTBS to dentin for Scotchbond Universal but not Clearfil SE; no increased µTBS for either adhesive after 1-y storage Hirata et al 2015 Ar …”

Repair Bond Strength of a Resin Composite to Plasma-Treated or UV-Irradiated CAD/CAM Ceramic Surface

“…Moreover, the intraoral use of hydrofluoric acid should be omitted [4]. APP treatment might promote improved adhesion of repair material to enamel/dentin surface, due to enhance the surface energy of adhered tooth substrate [37][38][39]. In our previous and present studies, however, neither APP nor UV could improve the bond strength between a repair material (resin composite) and ceramic-based CAD/CAM indirect restorative materials [40].…”

Influence of a heating device and adhesive temperature on bond strength of a simplified ethanol-based adhesive system

“…The adhesive-dentin interface is the weakest link in the tooth-restoration complex 1 . The interaction between dentin and resin monomers depends on surface conditioning 2 , and optimal dentin bonding occurs when adhesive monomers infiltrate completely into the mineralized dentin fibril network after etching 3 .…”