Effects of nitrogen fertilizer on structure and physicochemical properties of ‘super’ rice starch

Zhou, Tianyang; Zhou, Qun; Li, Enpeng; Yuan, L.; Wang, Weilu; Zhang, Hao; Liu, Lijun; Wang, Zhiqin; Yang, Jianchang; Gu, Junfei

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116237

Cited by 90 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Our previous studies showed that nitrogen fertilizer effectively influenced the accumulation and structural characteristics of starch, which further alleviated the rice quality under increased temperature (Tang et al, 2019 ). The application of nitrogen fertilizer affected the structure of rice starch, which further changed its functional properties and eventually led to the changes in the grain quality (Zhou et al, 2020 ). Being the second largest storage components in rice grain, rice seed storage protein (SSP) accounts for about 8–10% of grain weight (Kawakatsu and Takaiwa, 2010 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Fertilizer Regulated Grain Storage Protein Synthesis and Reduced Chalkiness of Rice Under Actual Field Warming

Wang

Yin

et al. 2021

Front. Plant Sci.

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Our previous study has shown that nitrogen plays an important role in dealing with significantly increased chalkiness caused by elevated temperature. However, the role of nitrogen metabolites has not been given sufficient attention, and its regulatory mechanism is not clear. This study investigated the effects of high temperature and nitrogen fertilizer on the synthesis of grain storage protein and further explored the quality mechanism under the actual scenario of field warming. Results showed that increased temperature and nitrogen fertilizer could affect the activities of nitrogen metabolism enzymes, namely, glutamate synthetase, glutamine synthetase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, and the expressions of storage protein synthesis factor genes, namely, GluA and GluB, and subfamily genes, namely, pro14, BiP1, and PDIL1, which co-induced the changes of storage protein synthesis in rice grains. Furthermore, the increased temperature changed the balance of grain storage substances which may lead to the significantly increased chalky rate (197.67%) and chalkiness (532.92%). Moreover, there was a significant negative correlation between prolamin content and chalkiness, indicating that nitrogen fertilizer might regulate the formation of chalkiness by affecting the synthesis of prolamin. Results suggested that nitrogen application could regulate the related core factors involved in nitrogen metabolism pathways, which, in turn, affects the changes in the storage protein components in the grain and further affects quality. Therefore, as a conventional cultivation measure, nitrogen application would have a certain value in future rice production in response to climate warming.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Fertilizer Regulated Grain Storage Protein Synthesis and Reduced Chalkiness of Rice Under Actual Field Warming

Wang

Yin

et al. 2021

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…In recent years, the XRD technology has been applied in starch research at home and abroad, especially in the studies on the industrial processing properties of starch [26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] . The contents of amylose and amylopectin were the most important factors determining the cooking and eating quality.…”

Section: Relationship Between Starch Crystallinity and Amylose Contentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation Characteristics of Endosperm Structures in Different Rice Genotypes

Limin¹,

Li²,

Li-dong³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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To explore the formation characteristics of endosperm structures in different rice genotypes, indica, japonica and glutinous rice cultivars were used and grown in the paddy field. The endosperm structures in the grain during the filling period were investigated. The results showed that the compactness of amyloplast arrangement was positively correlated with grain filling percentage. The endosperm structure varied with the position within a grain. At maturity, the structure was the best in the back, the intermediate in the center, and the worst in the belly of a kernel. However, the filling was better in the center than in the back and in the belly from 5 to 10 days after flowering (DAF). The endosperm structure was different among genotypes. From 5 to 25 DAF, starch accumulation was the earliest in glutinous rice, followed by indica rice and japonica rice. Gaps and pores in endosperm were closely associated with rice transparency. The starch crystallinity in endosperm was negatively correlated with amylose content. Among the three genotypes, glutinous showed the highest crystallinity, followed by japonica and indica rice. The starch crystallinity in a grain was lower on a primary branch than that on a secondary branch. Among all grains, the second grain on a primary branch showed the lowest starch crystallinity. The results indicated that the starch structure of endosperm not only differ between rice genotypes, but also varies with the location of a grain on the panicle, and that it affects the grain-filling, transparency and amylose content of rice.

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“…Moreover, the SB is a key index to show the firmness of cooked rice grains so that higher SB value indicates a firmer texture (Niba et al, 2002;Zhang et al, 2008). The high PV, FV, BD, and SB values at high NF levels can be attributed to the decreased apparent AC and the ratio of amylose to amylopectin (Zhou et al, 2020). Increasing the NF inputs possibly increased the size of SGs due to the higher proportion of short branch-chain amylopectin in the starch structure and surface proteins (Zhou et al, 2020).…”

Section: C2t2mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Improved Chemical, Mechanical, Rheological, and Pasting Characteristics of Protein-Rich Brown Rice by Parboiling Process Integrated with Nitrogen Fertilization

Zadeh¹,

Ghorbani‐HasanSaraei²,

Amiri³

et al. 2020

BUASVMCN-FST

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The effects of nitrogen fertilization (NF, 60-100 kg ha-1) and parboiling operation (soaking temperature (SoT, 50-80°C) and steaming time (StT, 10-15 min)) on the protein content (PC), amylose content (AC), gelatinization temperature (GT), hardness value (HV), peak viscosity (PV), trough viscosity (TV), final viscosity (FV), breakdown (BD), setback (SB) point, peak time (PTi), and pasting temperature (PTe) of brown rice were evaluated. Results showed that the GT, HV, FV, and TV were significantly increased by increasing the NF, SoT, and StT levels. An increase in the SoT and StT levels led to a significant reduction in PC, AC, BD, and TV values. The AC (17.13-16.83%) and PV (1605-1588 cP) values were decreased by increasing the NF level, while the PC (8.78-9.46%) and BD (226.9-247.7 cP) values were increased. Rheological parameters of BD (336.4 cP), FV (3608.5 cP), and SB (1843.5 cP) were notably increased using the combined treatment of 100 kg ha-1 NF and of 80°C SoT. The best triple treatments for the improved GT (5.0 °C), HV (19.37 N), as well as FV (3923 cP), and SB (1949 cP) were 60 kg ha-1 NF+80°C SoT+15 min StT, 100 kg ha-1 NF+80°C SoT+15 min StT, and 100 kg ha-1 NF+80°C SoT+10 min StT, respectively.

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Effects of nitrogen fertilizer on structure and physicochemical properties of ‘super’ rice starch

Cited by 90 publications

References 48 publications

Nitrogen Fertilizer Regulated Grain Storage Protein Synthesis and Reduced Chalkiness of Rice Under Actual Field Warming

Nitrogen Fertilizer Regulated Grain Storage Protein Synthesis and Reduced Chalkiness of Rice Under Actual Field Warming

Formation Characteristics of Endosperm Structures in Different Rice Genotypes

The Improved Chemical, Mechanical, Rheological, and Pasting Characteristics of Protein-Rich Brown Rice by Parboiling Process Integrated with Nitrogen Fertilization

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