Effects of nitrogen fertilizer and planting density on the leaf photosynthetic characteristics, agronomic traits and grain yield in common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum M.)

Fang, Xiaomei; Li, Yingshuang; Nie, J.; Wang, Can; Huang, Kehui; Zhang, Yuke; Zhang, Yuanli; She, Hengzhi; Liu, Xingbei; Ruan, Renwu; Yuan, Xiaohui; Yi, Zelin

doi:10.1016/j.fcr.2018.02.001

Cited by 119 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 36 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Similarly, in the present study, the grain yield is significantly and positively correlated with the Pn, Gs, Tr, SPAD, and LAI, while it is significantly negatively correlated with Ci ( Figure 5). Our finding was also consistent with previous studies that stated that the leaf photosynthetic capacity is the key factor that determines the grain yield [46].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…As the foundation of crop growth and development, photosynthesis is the major factor in determining the crop productivity composition [46]. Various studies have reported that crop yield has a significant positive correlation with the leaf photosynthetic capacity [46,47]. Similarly, in the present study, the grain yield is significantly and positively correlated with the Pn, Gs, Tr, SPAD, and LAI, while it is significantly negatively correlated with Ci ( Figure 5).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…It has been widely accepted that there is little range to further increase the harvest index after the Green Revolution [44], and further improvement in rice yield might rely on increasing biomass production rather than the harvest index [43,45] To identify the underlying physiological mechanisms of nitrogen fertilization and planting density improving grain yield, the effects of the nitrogen rate and planting density on leaf photosynthetic characteristics and leaf area development should be examined. As the foundation of crop growth and development, photosynthesis is the major factor in determining the crop productivity composition [46]. Various studies have reported that crop yield has a significant positive correlation with the leaf photosynthetic capacity [46,47].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Optimization of Nitrogen Rate and Planting Density for Improving the Grain Yield of Different Rice Genotypes in Northeast China

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Nitrogen fertilization and planting density are two key factors that can interactively affect the grain yield of rice. Three different types of rice cultivars-inbred Shendao 47, inbred Shendao 505, and hybrid Jingyou 586-were applied to investigate the effects of the nitrogen (N) rate and planting density (D) on the aboveground biomass, harvest index, leaf photosynthetic features, grain yield, and yield components using a split-split-plot design at two sites over two continuous years. The main plots were assigned to four nitrogen fertilizer rates: 0 (N0), 140 (N1), 180 (N2), and 220 (N3) kg ha −1 N; the subplots were assigned to three planting densities: 25 × 10 4 (D1), 16.7 × 10 4 (D2), and 12.5 × 10 4 (D3) hills ha -1 , and the sub-subplots were assigned to three rice cultivars. The results showed that the grain yield had a significantly positive correlation with the stomatal conductance (Gs), net photosynthesis rate (Pn), transpiration rate (Tr), chlorophyll content (SPAD value), leaf area index (LAI), panicles per unit area, and spikelets per panicle. The N rate and planting density had significant interaction effects on grain yield, and the maximum values of Shendao 47, Shendao 505, and Jingyou 586 appeared in N3D2, N2D1, and N3D3, respectively. The higher grain yield of midsized panicle Shendao 47 was mostly ascribed to both panicles per unit area and spikelets per panicle. More panicles per unit area and spikelets per panicle primarily contributed to a larger sink capacity of small-sized panicle rice Shendao 505 and large-sized panicle rice Jingyou 586. We found that the treatments N3D2, N2D1, and N3D3 could optimize the contradiction between yield formation factors for Shendao 47, Shendao 505, and Jingyou 586, respectively. Across years and sites, the regression analysis indicated that the combinations of nitrogen fertilization of 195.6 kg ha −1 with a planting density of 22 × 10 4 hills ha −1 , 182.5 kg ha −1 with 25 × 10 4 hills ha −1 , and 220 kg ha −1 with 13.1 × 10 4 hills ha −1 are recommended for medium-, small-, and large-sized panicle rice cultivars, respectively. food habits are changing due to rising living standards, such as the increased consumption of livestock products (such as meat, eggs, and milk), which drives the increase in demand for feed grains, especially in Asia [4,5]. At present, China's area under rice cultivation is 30.3 million hectares with the total yield reaching 207.7 million tons and an average yield of 6.8 t ha −1 , which is 65% higher than that of the world average [6]. China, the world's largest rice producer, has sustainably fed 22% of the world's population using only 7% of the arable land in the world. However, in the past 10 years, increases in rice yield have been slowing down in China, and the increasing population and shortage of arable land have exerted tremendous stress on food security [7]. Therefore, to ensure food security for the growing population, improving rice productivity (production per unit area) remains a priority in China.Much emphasis has been put...

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Optimization of Nitrogen Rate and Planting Density for Improving the Grain Yield of Different Rice Genotypes in Northeast China

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Apart from the subject of family farm's development as an agricultural production unit, some environmental issues are receiving more concern. For example, although chemical inputs such as nitrogen fertilizer and pesticides will significantly increase the yield of crops [41], the indiscriminate use of them have caused serious agriculturally-diffused pollution, which not only damages the ecological environment but also restricts sustainable agricultural development [11]. Another example is that heavy fertilization of greenhouse vegetable bases in China resulted in an accumulation of N, P, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn in soil, nutrient eutrophication in irrigation water, and high Cd in some leaf vegetables cultivated in acidic soil [42].…”

Section: Studies Of Family Farmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…FI ranks the second among all variables. Fang studied buckwheat production and found that nitrogen fertilizer is one of the crucial factors that affects the yield of common buckwheat [41]. In this case, FI also plays a significant role.…”

Section: Variable Importance For Management Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

A Management and Environmental Performance Evaluation of China’s Family Farms Using an Ultimate Comprehensive Cross-Efficiency Model (UCCE)

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Family farm emerged as a new form of agricultural production organization in China in recent years. For the purpose of sustainable development, decision-makers, such as farm owners and policy makers, require the precise information of a family farm's state of operation to adopt measures for management improvement and agricultural contamination reduction. Considering this, we established two evaluation systems for the measurement of family farms' management and environmental performance. As demonstrated in several recent studies, data envelopment analysis (DEA) cross efficiency is a useful approach for evaluating and comparing the performance of decision-making units (DMUs). Regarding family farms' performance evaluation issues, we modified the traditional average cross-efficiency method to be the ultimate comprehensive cross-efficiency approach with the integration of two statistical quantities based on the full consideration of family farms' unique features, such as vulnerability and seasonality, resulting from the influence of natural and social factors. Our proposed approach presents more excellent characteristics compared with CCR efficiency and average cross efficiency. Several conclusions regarding the operation of China's family farms are drawn: (i) there is weak positive correlation between family farms' management and environmental performance; (ii) there is an increasing trend for both management and environmental efficiency, along with the augmentation of the utilized agricultural area of family farms, and management performance is therefore more significant; (iii) demand for timely technological instruction to improve family farms' management efficiency is expressed by farm owners who are willing to expand; (iv) to improve family farms' environmental performance, several measures-such as introducing biotechnology, providing subsidies, and environmental education for farmers-should be adopted.

show abstract

Effects of water–nitrogen coupling on soil water and nitrogen, photosynthesis, yield and water use of lettuce under different application rates of poly‐γ‐glutamic acid

Liu

Shi

Pang

2022

Irrigation and Drainage

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

As an environmentally friendly, super water-absorbable agent and fertilizer synergist, the influences of poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) on soil N and crop photosynthesis are still not well understood. A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of water-nitrogen coupling on soil water and nitrogen content, photosynthesis, yield and irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) of lettuce under different γ-PGA application rates. In this study, there were three factors and four levels: γ-PGA with four application levels of 0, 1, 2 and 4 g kg À1 ; the rates of urea were 0, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 g kg À1 ; and the irrigation amounts were 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% of the lettuce water requirement (ET c ). The results showed that within 8 days after sowing, the soil water and nitrogen (NO 3 À -N and NH 4 + -N) content increased with increasing γ-PGA application rates. The amount of irrigation water and nitrogen application had an effect on IWUE, net photosynthetic rate (P n ) and stomatal conductance (G s ). Lettuce yield was significantly correlated with P n , G s and intercellular CO 2 concentration (C i ) by path analysis. Moreover, the P2N2W3 treatment (γ-PGA 2 g kg À1 , nitrogen 0.2 g kg À1 and 80% ET c ) was the most suitable treatment to obtain the highest lettuce yield and IWUE.

show abstract

Effects of nitrogen fertilizer and planting density on the leaf photosynthetic characteristics, agronomic traits and grain yield in common buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum M.)

Cited by 119 publications

References 36 publications

Optimization of Nitrogen Rate and Planting Density for Improving the Grain Yield of Different Rice Genotypes in Northeast China

Optimization of Nitrogen Rate and Planting Density for Improving the Grain Yield of Different Rice Genotypes in Northeast China

A Management and Environmental Performance Evaluation of China’s Family Farms Using an Ultimate Comprehensive Cross-Efficiency Model (UCCE)

Effects of water–nitrogen coupling on soil water and nitrogen, photosynthesis, yield and water use of lettuce under different application rates of poly‐γ‐glutamic acid

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About