Effects of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Application Method and Nitrogen Source on Winter Wheat Grain Yield and Leaf Tissue Phosphorus

Leikam, Dale F.; Murphy, L. S.; Kissel, D. E.; Whitney, D. A.; Moser, H. C.

doi:10.2136/sssaj1983.03615995004700030028x

Cited by 62 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This effect has been observed with many NH 4 salts Miller et al 1970;Leikam et al 1983;Sangakkara and Cho 1987;Flaten 1989;Bengtsson et al 1994), and with some non-NH 4 salts Ernani and Barber 1991). The influence is attributed either to chemical effects that alter the dissolution and the mobility of added fertilizer or to physiological effects that change the uptake pattern of P by plants.…”

mentioning

confidence: 73%

Phosphorus diffusion from monocalcium phosphate co-applied with salts in a calcareous soil

Kumaragamage¹,

Akinremi²,

Cho³

et al. 2004

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

. 2004. Phosphorus diffusion from monocalcium phosphate coapplied with salts in a calcareous soil. Can. J. Soil Sci. 84: 447-458. Mixing non-phosphatic salts with fertilizer P influences the solubility and mobility of P in soils. Little evidence, however, is available regarding the mechanisms causing such effects. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of mixing fertilizer P with (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , MgSO 4 or (NH 2 ) 2 CO on the diffusion of P in a calcareous soil (Gleyed Rego Black Chernozem), and to identify the causes for such effects. To the surface of 50-mm-long soil columns, maintained at field capacity water content, 32 P-labelled monocalcium phosphate (MCP) was applied alone or in combination with (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , MgSO 4 or (NH 2 ) 2 CO. Ratios of applied P:N, P:Mg and P:S were 1:5, 1:4.5 and 1:6, respectively. Extraction and analysis of each 2-mm layer of the columns after incubation for 1, 2, 3, and 4 wk revealed that the addition of (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 and MgSO 4 with MCP significantly increased P diffusion whereas (NH 2 ) 2 CO had little or no effect. The mechanisms of such effects were identified using a multi-ionic, mechanistic, diffusion model. According to model predictions, the dissolution of MCP was increased by more than twofold when mixed with (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 and MgSO 4 , and by 1.2-fold when mixed with urea. The main difference between SO 4 salts and urea in affecting P diffusion was the competition between the anion of the salt and P for precipitation with Ca. Sulphate competed strongly with P, reducing the precipitation of Ca phosphates. Application of urea increased soil pH initially, but eventually soil pH decreased with nitrification of NH 4 . Initial increase in pH to above 8.0 favoured precipitation of Ca phosphate, but the pH was not high enough to favour CaCO 3 precipitation. The application of P fertilizers with fertilizers containing SO 4 could be beneficial in calcareous soils due to enhancement of P solubility and mobility. Mélanger des sels non phosphatés à un engrais phosphaté (P) modifie la solubilité et la mobilité du P dans le sol. Toutefois, on sait peu de choses sur les mécanismes à l'origine de ce phénomène. L'étude devait préciser comment le fait de mélanger un engrais P avec du (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , du MgSO 4 ou du (NH 2 ) 2 CO agit sur la diffusion du P dans un sol calcaire (tchernoziom noir gléyifié Rego) et établir les causes des modifications observées. À cette fin, les auteurs ont appliqué du phosphate monocalcique (PMC) marqué au 32 P avec ou sans (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 , MgSO 4 ou (NH 2 ) 2 CO au sommet de colonnes de sol de 50 mm de hauteur dont la teneur en eau était maintenue à la capacité maximale du terrain. Les ratios appliqués étaient respectivement de 1:5, 1:4,5 et 1:6 pour P:N, P:Mg et P:S. Après incubation pendant 1, 2, 3 ou 4 semaines, l'extraction et l'analyse de chaque tranche de 2 mm des colonnes révèle que l'addition de (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 et de MgSO 4 au PMC accroît sensiblement la diffusion du P alors que le (NH 2 ) 2 CO n'a pas d'effet sur ce phénom...

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 73%

Phosphorus diffusion from monocalcium phosphate co-applied with salts in a calcareous soil

Kumaragamage¹,

Akinremi²,

Cho³

et al. 2004

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It has been known for some time that co-application of ammonium salts increases the solubility and effectiveness of P fertilisers. This has been attributed to both stimulation of root P uptake and to increases in solubility of the P (Starostka and Hill 1955;Bouldin and Sample 1958;Miller et al 1970;Leikam et al 1983). In glasshouse experiments Miller et al (1970) showed that co-application of ammonium sulfate ((NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 ) with monocalcium phosphate (MCP) increased the recovery of fertiliser by maize, and these authors were able to demonstrate a reduced precipitation of Ca-P compounds at the root surface when ammonium salts were co-located with the MCP, largely as a result of a rhizosphere pH reduction.…”

Section: Fertiliser Formulations To Improve Puementioning

confidence: 99%

The chemical nature of P accumulation in agricultural soils—implications for fertiliser management and design: an Australian perspective

et al. 2011

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Many agricultural soils worldwide in their natural state are deficient in phosphorus (P), and the production of healthy agricultural crops has required the regular addition of P fertilisers. In cropping systems, P accumulates almost predominantly in inorganic forms in soil, associated with aluminium, calcium and iron. In pasture soils, P accumulates in both inorganic and organic forms, but the chemical nature of much organic P is still unresolved. The P use efficiency (PUE) of fertilisers is generally low in the year of application, but residual effectiveness is important, highlighting the importance of soil P testing prior to fertiliser use. With increasing costs of P fertiliser, various technologies have been suggested to improve PUE, but few have provided solid field evidence for efficacy. Fluid fertilisers have been demonstrated under field conditions to increase PUE on highly calcareous soils. Slow release P products have been demonstrated to improve PUE in soils where leaching is important. Modification of soil chemistry around the fertiliser granule or fluid injection point also offers promise for increasing PUE, but is less well validated. Better placement of P, even into subsoils, also offers promise to increase PUE in both cropping and pasture systems. AbbreviationsDAP diammonium phosphate DCPD dicalcium phosphate dihydrate EDTA ethylenediamine tetraacetate MAP monoammonium phosphate MCP monocalcium phosphate NMR nuclear magnetic resonance OM organic matter P phosphorus P i inorganic P P o organic P PUE P use efficiency RPR reactive phosphate rock TSP triple superphosphate XANES x-ray absorption near-edge structure Plant Soil (

show abstract

“…This was attributed to anion competition between sulphate and phosphate for precipitation reactions with Ca 2' . Previous studies (Leikam et al 1983;Westfall and Hanson 1985;Beever and Racz 1987;Kouboura et al 1995) also showed that it is possible to modify the chemical environment of the soil-P fertilizer reaction zone in order to increase the solubility and transport of the applied P in the soil solution, and consequently its uptake by crops. This was accomplished through mixing of non-phosphate salts with fertilizer P as dual bands.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

Solubility and transport of phosphate and the accompanying ions as influenced by sulphate salts in a model calcareous soil system

Olatuyi¹,

Akinremi²,

Flaten³

et al. 2009

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

. 2009. Solubility and transport of phosphate and the accompanying ions as influenced by sulphate salts in a model calcareous soil system. Can. J. Soil Sci. 89: 589Á601. Plant availability of phosphorus (P) in calcareous soil can be improved by modifying the chemical environment of the soil-P fertilizer reaction zone through the banding of non-phosphate fertilizer with P. We investigated the solubility and diffusive transport of P as influenced by addition of two sulphate salts [(NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 and K 2 SO 4 ] to NH 4 H 2 PO 4 and KH 2 PO 4 . The salts were applied to a series of wax columns packed with approximately 223 g of Ca 2' -saturated cation exchange resinsand mixture buffered with CaCO 3 . The background pH of the mixture was 8.8. Each treatment contained approximately 204.5 mg P kg(1 soil, while 632.3 mg SO 4 2( kg (1 soil was added to each P source for treatments containing the dual bands to provide a molar concentration of P and SO 4 2( of 6.6 mmol kg (1 soil. After 2 wk of incubation, column segmentation and extraction showed that H ' moved deeper into the columns on addition of the sulphate salts compared with adding NH 4 H 2 PO 4 or KH 2 PO 4 alone. The maximum depth of P penetration in the columns containing NH 4 H 2 PO 4 was 4.2 cm, while P transport in the columns treated with KH 2 PO 4 was restricted to the top 4.0 cm depth. Addition of (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 or K 2 SO 4 to NH 4 H 2 PO 4 increased the concentration of water-extractable P by 43 and 21%, respectively, above that in NH 4 H 2 PO 4 alone. Similarly, addition of (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 or K 2 SO 4 increased the concentration of water-soluble P by 48 and 41%, respectively, above the amount in KH 2 PO 4 alone. The increased water solubility of P on addition of the sulphate salts was attributed to anion competition between HPO 4 2( and SO 4 2( for precipitation with Ca 2' . We also observed ionic competition between NH 4 ' and K ' when both cations were added together, causing K ' to travel farther into the column and with increased solubility than when applied alone. Our results showed that anion and cation competition can be used to modify the transport and solution concentration of ions through dual banding. These results also suggested that the combination of anion competition by SO 4 2( and pH reduction due to salt effect could have a positive influence on the availability of P in calcareous soils. . Influence des sels sulfate´s sur la solubilite´et le transport du phosphate et des ions qui y sont associe´s dans un sol calcaire. Can. J. Soil Sci. 89: 589Á601. On pourrait rehausser la disponibilite´du phosphore (P) pour les plantes dans les sols calcaires en modifiant les proprie´te´s chimiques de la zone de re´action sol-engrais P par l'application d'engrais non phosphate´s enrichis de P en bandes. Les auteurs ont examineĺ 'influence de deux sels sulfate´s [(NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 et K 2 SO 4 ] sur la solubilite´et le transport par diffusion du P apre`s addition de NH 4 H 2 PO 4 et de KH 2 PO 4 . Les sels ont e´te´applique´s a`une se´rie de colonnes de paraf...

show abstract

Effects of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Application Method and Nitrogen Source on Winter Wheat Grain Yield and Leaf Tissue Phosphorus

Cited by 62 publications

References 0 publications

Phosphorus diffusion from monocalcium phosphate co-applied with salts in a calcareous soil

Phosphorus diffusion from monocalcium phosphate co-applied with salts in a calcareous soil

The chemical nature of P accumulation in agricultural soils—implications for fertiliser management and design: an Australian perspective

Solubility and transport of phosphate and the accompanying ions as influenced by sulphate salts in a model calcareous soil system

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About