Effects of new, individually adjusted, progressive balance group training for elderly people with fear of falling and tend to fall: a randomized controlled trial

Halvarsson, Alexandra; Oddsson, Lars; Olsson, Eva; Farén, Elin; Pettersson, Anna; Ståhle, Agneta

doi:10.1177/0269215511411937

Cited by 94 publications

(106 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Cognitive activities used in the dual-task interventions included counting forwards [16,47] or backwards [5,47,50] , reciting letters of the alphabet [16] , naming words in a particular category [5,16,50,55,56] , spelling backwards [5,50] , and n-back and serial position working memory tasks [51] . Motor-motor dual-tasks as part of the interventions were not always specified but included walking while buttoning and unbuttoning or carrying a tray with glasses of water [47] and balancing while catching and throwing a ball [21] . For most of these studies, the dual-task activities were only part of the intervention; therefore, the intensity of the dual-task training varied across the studies and was not possible to define.…”

Section: Sample Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Physical Exercise Interventions on Gait-Related Dual-Task Interference in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Plummer¹,

Zukowski²,

Giuliani³

et al. 2015

Gerontology

118

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Dual-task interference during walking can substantially limit mobility and increase the risk of falls among community-dwelling older adults. Previous systematic reviews examining intervention effects on dual-task gait and mobility have not assessed relative dual-task costs (DTC) or investigated whether there are differences in treatment-related changes based on the type of dual task or the type of control group. The purpose of this systematic review was to examine the effects of physical exercise interventions on dual-task performance during walking in older adults. A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) compared treatment effects between physical exercise intervention and control groups on single- and dual-task gait speed and relative DTC on gait speed. A systematic search of the literature was conducted using the electronic databases PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, Web of Science, and PsycINFO searched up to September 19, 2014. Randomized, nonrandomized, and uncontrolled studies published in English and involving older adults were selected. Studies had to include a physical exercise intervention protocol and measure gait parameters during continuous, unobstructed walking in single- and dual-task conditions before and after the intervention. Of 614 abstracts, 21 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the systematic review. Fourteen RCTs were included in the meta-analysis. The mean difference between the intervention and control groups significantly favored the intervention for single-task gait speed (mean difference: 0.06 m/s, 95% CI: 0.03, 0.10, p < 0.001), dual-task gait speed (mean difference: 0.11 m/s, 95% CI 0.07, 0.15, p < 0.001), and DTC on gait speed (mean difference: 5.23%, 95% CI 1.40, 9.05, p = 0.007). Evidence from subgroup comparisons showed no difference in treatment-related changes between cognitive-motor and motor-motor dual tasks, or when interventions were compared to active or inactive controls. In summary, physical exercise interventions can improve dual-task walking in older adults primarily by increasing the speed at which individuals walk in dual-task conditions. Currently, evidence concerning whether physical exercise interventions reduce DTC or alter the self-selected dual-task strategy during unobstructed walking is greatly lacking, mainly due to the failure of studies to measure and report reciprocal dual-task effects on the non-gait task.

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Section: Sample Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Physical Exercise Interventions on Gait-Related Dual-Task Interference in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Plummer¹,

Zukowski²,

Giuliani³

et al. 2015

Gerontology

118

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Table 1 for the search strategy). Based on titles, studies in languages other than English were excluded (n=1; 78) along with case reports (n=4; [1,6,47,65]), studies not concerning motor training interventions to improve standing or walking tasks (n=17; [7, 8, 10, 13, 18, 42-44, 46, 49, 54, 64, 68, 71, 81, 90, 91, 97]), not using a pre-post test or agecomparison design, (n=4: [22,40,89,98]), not conducted with older adults (n=1; [37]) or not focusing healthy older adults (n =6; [3,22,24,82,99,100]) were also excluded (cf. Table 5 for excluded studies in the Annex).…”

Section: Selection Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

Training effects on motor–cognitive dual-task performance in older adults

Wollesen

Voelcker‐Rehage

2013

Eur Rev Aging Phys Act

155

152

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This systematic review investigated whether healthy older adults benefit from training interventions in motor-cognitive dual-task (DT) situations and which specific aspects of the intervention and/or task selection contribute to training benefits. Training effects were analysed with regard to the training programme (e.g., general ST or DT training) and task conditions (e.g., standing or walking, complexity of secondary cognitive task). Literature was searched via OVIDsp (Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO). DT studies were included by the following criteria: (1) investigation of at least one motor task, (2) assessment of DT performance outcomes on standing or walking, (3) conduction of an intervention, and (4) investigation of older adults in an experimental-control group design or an old-young comparison. Thirteen studies met all inclusion criteria. Four types of interventions were identified: (1) general single-task (ST) motor training, (2) specific ST motor training, (3) general DT training, and (4) task-related (specific) DT training. For DT standing conditions only DT interventions improved motor performance, whereas DT walking also benefits by ST training. Most benefits on motor and cognitive performance seem to be reached by DT training interventions whereas a GST produced lowest effects. Thus, balance orientated motor and cognitive DT performance in healthy older adults can be improved by performance related exercises. Furthermore, to reach beneficial effects, it seems necessary that the training intervention includes a certain level of exercise load such as rising difficulties, appropriate intensity and duration, a certain level of task specificity, and variable task prioritization. The transfer of training effects into everyday situations needs to be further investigated.

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“…54,55 No guidelines, however, direct what interventions should be provided when strength or balance deficits are due to SCPN. In this situation, without addressing the compression neuropathy, physical therapy is unlikely to improve peroneal nerve function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subclinical Peroneal Neuropathy: A Common, Unrecognized, and Preventable Finding Associated With a Recent History of Falling in Hospitalized Patients

Poppler

Groves

Sacks

et al. 2016

The Annals of Family Medicine

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Effects of new, individually adjusted, progressive balance group training for elderly people with fear of falling and tend to fall: a randomized controlled trial

Abstract: This new balance training programme is feasible and leads to decreased fear of falling, decreased time for step execution during dual-task performance and increased velocity during fast walking.

Cited by 94 publications

References 35 publications

Effects of Physical Exercise Interventions on Gait-Related Dual-Task Interference in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Effects of Physical Exercise Interventions on Gait-Related Dual-Task Interference in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Training effects on motor–cognitive dual-task performance in older adults

Subclinical Peroneal Neuropathy: A Common, Unrecognized, and Preventable Finding Associated With a Recent History of Falling in Hospitalized Patients

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