Effects of Nerve Growth Factor and Dimethylsulfoniopropionate in Green Sea Algae on the Outgrowth of Neurites from Pheochromocytoma Cells

Abstract

SummaryThe effects of various concentrations of the nerve growth factor (NGF) and of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) on the outgrowth of neurites from pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells were examined singly or in combination on an RPMI 1640 medium containing 10% horse serum, 5% fetal bovine serum, penicillin and streptomycin in collagen-coated Petri dishes by increasing the incubation times up to 4 d. The results indicated that NGF significantly accelerated the number of neurite-bearing cells, which reached a maximum at concentrations of more than 0.5 ng/mL among the various concentrations of NGF on the 4th day. The combined effects of the various concentrations (10 Ϫ 6 -10 Ϫ 3 M ) of DMSP with NGF (5 ng/mL) on the growth and the number of neurite-bearing cells were then examined, which demonstrated that all the concentrations of DMSP restricted the growth of the cells to various extents but that the concentration of DMSP at 10 Ϫ 4 M with the NGF more highly accelerated the number of neurite-bearing cells than did the NGF alone during the experimental period.

Dimethylsulfoniopropionate Promotes Process Outgrowth in Neural Cells and Exerts Protective Effects against Tropodithietic Acid

“…Taken together, the present data show that DMSP promotes reorganization of the MT network, which is accompanied by an enhanced acetylation of MTs, and process formation in neural cells, which similarly is observable in PC12 cells after the treatment with NGF [ 15 , 41 , 42 ].…”

“…, foods and supplements that are advantageous to the health of consumers, is of interest, and in this respect beneficial effects of algal-based food may also be attributed to DMSP [ 13 , 14 ]. Furthermore, DMSP was shown to promote nerve growth factor (NGF) induced neurite outgrowth in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells and exerted protective effects against MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-tetrahydropyridine) [ 15 , 16 ], a chemical that destroys dopaminergic neurons. Neurotrophins, such as NGF, are important for neuronal survival, development, differentiation, and functional maintenance of neurons in the central and peripheral system [ 17 , 18 , 19 ].…”

Significant Effect of Dimethylsulfoniopropionate on Parkinson's Disease of Senescence-Accelerated Mice Induced by 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine

“…In contrast, there are significant reports that catecholamines promote the synthesis of nerve growth factor (NGF) in the astroglial and fibroblast cells in the mouse central nervous system ( 18 ), that NGF releases the amyloid precursor from the nerve model cells, PC12 cells ( 19 ), and that DMSP stimulates the outgrowth and elongation of neurites from the PC12 cells ( 20 ) and significantly recovers them from the cells inhibited by MPTP ( 21 ).…”

Inhibition of the Outgrowth and Elongation of Neurites from Pheochromocytoma Cells by 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine and Preventive Effects of Dimethylsulfoniopropionate in the Presence of Nerve Growth Factor

“…In the present experiments, the amounts (5 ng/mL) of MPTP equivalent to the ratio (w/ w) of the brain/whole body of the amounts (20 mg/kg body wt) daily needed for preparing the PD-model mice (11,26), the amounts (5 ng/mL) of NGF (the quantities of more than 0.5 ng/mL induced the maximum appearance of neurites from the PC12 cells (15)) and other concentrations (10…”

“…To elucidate the function mechanisms for the amelioration due to DMSP of the PD-model mice caused by MPTP, we further tried to examine the effect of DMSP on the appearance of neurites from nerve model cells, the PC12 cells (15,25). In the present experiments, the amounts (5 ng/mL) of MPTP equivalent to the ratio (w/ w) of the brain/whole body of the amounts (20 mg/kg body wt) daily needed for preparing the PD-model mice (11,26), the amounts (5 ng/mL) of NGF (the quantities of more than 0.5 ng/mL induced the maximum appearance of neurites from the PC12 cells (15)) and other concentrations (10…”