Effects of neonatal ovarian x-irradiation in the Chinese hamster. II. Absence of chromosomal and developmental damages in surviving oocytes irradiated at the pachytene and resting dictyate stages.

Tateno, Hiroyuki; Mikamo, Kazuya

doi:10.1269/jrr.30.209

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The concept of a lethal dose of 50% (LD 50 ) means the dose of a chemical substance or a physical factor which causes death of half of the examined population within a specified time [22]. Initial studies aimed at identification of genotoxic effects induced by IR which used this measure have been conducted on mice [20,51], rats [20,52,53,54], Chinese hamsters [55,56,57] and guinea pigs [58,59]. The results were heterogenous according to the examined species and duration of irradiation.…”

Section: Specificity Of Female Gametogenesis and Studies Of Radiosensmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…a partial and/ or total lack of chromosomal conjugation (reflected by the presence of univalents or bivalents with uncoupled regions), or non-homologous coupling [53]. A few studies concerned genotoxic effects of exposure to IR at the early stages of meiosis (oogonia and oocytes prophase I) and were conducted on rats [53,54,62,63], mice [34], Chinese hamsters [55,56] and guinea pigs [59]. Among the above-mentioned studies, those conducted on rats and mice [34,53,54,62,63] used SC as an indicator of genotoxic effects.…”

Section: Specificity Of Female Gametogenesis and Studies Of Radiosensmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of ionizing radiation on the female reproductive system

Skrzypek¹,

Wdowiak²,

Panasiuk³

et al. 2019

Ann Agric Environ Med.

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Introduction and objective. The tendency towards postponement of maternity implies a greater exposure of female germ cells to damaging environmental effects, including ionizing radiation (IR). Progress in paediatric oncology, based on the use of radiotherapy, also implies the occurrence of gonadal dysfunctions and subsequent female fertility disorders. Therefore, it seems justifiable to systematize the state of knowledge concerning the effect of IR on the female reproductive system. Brief description of the state of knowledge. A considerable part of studies concerning the effect of IR on female germ cells have been conducted on animals. Their extrapolation to humans is hindered because in animal studies high acute exposures are applied, which do not reflect human environmental exposures characterized by chronic low dose exposure. Studies on animals provide a heterogenous image, which hinders the formulation of unequivocal conclusions and indicates that radiosensitivity depends, i.a. on IR dose, stage of development of oocytes, the applied marker of the effects of IR, or on the species. LD50 of human oocytes is estimated to be below 2 Gy. The effect of IR depends, i.a. on the dose fractionation and the age (older women are more radiosensitive). In females, the effective sterilizing dose is: at birth 20.3 Gy, at 10 years 18.4 Gy, at 20 years 16.5 Gy, whereas at 30 years 14.3 Gy, which is associated with the available pool of ovarian follicles. Conclusions. Within the range of low doses received as a result of environmental exposure to IR, there is no evidence for the occurrence of either adverse pregnancy outcomes, nor fertility disorders in females. These effects may be related to the cancer radiotherapy, or exposure to high IR doses during nuclear accidents.

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Section: Specificity Of Female Gametogenesis and Studies Of Radiosensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Specificity Of Female Gametogenesis and Studies Of Radiosensmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of ionizing radiation on the female reproductive system

Skrzypek¹,

Wdowiak²,

Panasiuk³

et al. 2019

Ann Agric Environ Med.

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“…, ionizing radiation) refers to the amount (mgr) necessary per weight (kg) to cause death in 50% of the population under study. Early studies used this measure of toxicological effects of ionizing irradiation in mouse [16,58], rat [16,19,20,64], Chinese hamster [33,34,35] and guinea pig [27,28,29,30]. Results have been heterogeneous depending on the species studied and the moment of the irradiation (oocytes and pachynema, diplonema-dictionema or at the moment of birth).…”

Section: Indicators Of Radiation-induced Genotoxic Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the intrinsic difficulties for the study of human meiosis, four main experimental model species have been used for radiation-sensitivity analysis (mouse, rat, guinea pig and Chinese hamster), resulting in a heterogeneous picture that makes it difficult to provide definitive conclusions by extrapolating results among species. As an example, when the parameters analyzed are chromosomal aberrations, DL and/or congenital malformations, studies have reported that oocyte radiation-sensitivity increased two-fold in the Chinese hamster, when compared to the mouse [34,35,61]. However, in the case of chromosome aberrations detected at MI/MII, the mature oocytes from guinea pig are more radio-sensitive than are mature mouse oocytes [23,79].…”

Section: Radiation-induced Genotoxic Effects In Mammalian Female Gmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Data on potential trans-generational genomic instability following irradiation are largely limited to males [94,96,97,98,99], and only until very recently did studies in females begin to flourish [39,40,41,42,43,51,60]. Early studies evaluated the genotoxic effects in prophase I stages (pachynema, diplonema and dictionema oocytes) in the Chinese hamster [33,34,35]. After exposing animals to a single dose of 1 Gy, the authors did not observe a significant increase of chromosomal aberrations in one-cell embryos and/or developmental alterations among the progeny of the irradiated females.…”

Section: Radiation-induced Genotoxic Effects In Mammalian Female Gmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Radiobiology and Reproduction—What Can We Learn from Mammalian Females?

Ruiz‐Herrera

García

Garcia-Caldés

2012

Genes

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Ionizing radiation damages DNA and induces mutations as well as chromosomal reorganizations. Although radiotherapy increases survival among cancer patients, this treatment does not come without secondary effects, among which the most problematic is gonadal dysfunction, especially in women. Even more, if radio-induced DNA damage occurs in germ cells during spermatogenesis and/or oogenesis, they can produce chromosomal reorganizations associated with meiosis malfunction, abortions, as well as hereditary effects. However, most of our current knowledge of ionizing radiation genotoxic effects is derived from in vitro studies performed in somatic cells and there are only some experimental data that shed light on how germ cells work when affected by DNA alterations produced by ionizing radiation. In addition, these few data are often related to mammalian males, making it difficult to extrapolate the results to females. Here, we review the current knowledge of radiobiology and reproduction, paying attention to mammalian females. In order to do that, we will navigate across the female meiotic/reproductive cycle/life taking into account the radiation-induced genotoxic effects analysis and animal models used, published in recent decades.

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