Effects of Near Soil Surface Characteristics on Soil Detachment by Overland Flow in a Natural Succession Grassland

Abstract

All rights reserved. No part of this periodical may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Permission for printing and for reprinting the material contained herein has been obtained by the publisher. Effects of Near Soil Surface Characteristics on Soil Detachment by Overland Flow in a Natural Succession Grassland Soil & Water Management & Conservation S oil detachment was defined by Govers et al. (1990) as the dislodgment of soil particles from the soil mass at a particular location on the soil surface by the erosive forces of rainfall or surface flow of water. Soil detachment by overland flow, such as rill erosion, is generally considered as the most important process of sediment production and contributes greatly to total soil loss (Poesen et al., 2003). It occurs when the effect of flowing water exceeds the certain threshold of soil resistance (Knapen et al., 2007), which implies that the erosive forces of overland flow and the resistance of the topsoil mass are two factors influencing soil detachment in rills. Overland flow is the external driving force for rill formation and development. Both laboratory and field experiments have found that hydraulic parameters of flowing water were closely related to the process of soil detachment by overland

Soil erodibility as impacted by vegetation restoration strategies on the Loess Plateau of China

“…Wang et al (2013b) reported that the steady infiltration rate was significantly negatively correlated with BSC thickness, BD, and Cl, and it was positively related to RD. All these results indicated that soil erodibility was likely altered greatly by any changes in near soil surface characteristics produced by vegetation restoration and afforestation (Wang et al, 2013a(Wang et al, , 2014b(Wang et al, , 2018a. Gao et al (2017) demonstrated that soil erodibility reflected by the K factor decreased significantly with the development of BSCs, mainly due to the increase in OM on the Loess Plateau.…”

“…BSCs, plant litter, root system, and soil physicochemical properties are important near soil surface characteristics of vegetation covered lands (Cerdà, 1996b;Bryan, 2000;Wang et al, 2014bWang et al, , 2015Wang et al, , 2017aWang et al, , 2017b. BSCs, plant litter, root system, and soil physicochemical properties are important near soil surface characteristics of vegetation covered lands (Cerdà, 1996b;Bryan, 2000;Wang et al, 2014bWang et al, , 2015Wang et al, , 2017aWang et al, , 2017b.…”

“…The mean annual soil loss rates range from 5000 to 10 000 Mg km -2 yr -1 produced by the combined effects of natural factors (i.e. Consequently, the near soil surface characteristics changed significantly on abandoned farmlands (Wang et al, 2014b(Wang et al, , 2017a(Wang et al, , 2017b(Wang et al, , 2018aSun et al, 2016). Since the 1980s, many soil conservation measures (e.g.…”

Spatial heterogeneity of soil detachment capacity by overland flow at a hillslope with ephemeral gullies on the Loess Plateau

“…Plant roots are another important factor affecting DC by overland flow (De Baets et al, 2006;De Baets and Poesen, 2010). The effectiveness of roots in reducing detachment to flowing water is closely related to its physically binding and chemically bonding effects (Prosser et al, 1995;Wang et al, 2014b).…”

Effects of biological soil crusts on soil detachment process by overland flow in the Loess Plateau of China

“…The effectiveness of BSCs in reducing soil detachment was closely related to the hydraulics of overland flow. BSCs failed to protect the soil from scouring when flow shear stress was greater than 11 Pa (Wang et al , ).…”