Effects of National New District on economic development and air pollution in China: empirical evidence from 69 large and medium-sized cities

Feng, Yanchao; Wang, Xiaohong

doi:10.1007/s11356-021-13494-5

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The main conclusions of this study are: (1) the establishment of national new areas has significantly improved urban eco-efficiency. This result is consistent with previous study which presented evidence that national new area construction is beneficial to social progress [ 82 ]; (2) The finding further implies that the establishment of national new areas affect urban eco-efficiency not only through improved urbanization level, but also through enhanced transportation infrastructure; (3) The heterogeneity analysis shows that national new areas of cities in eastern and central regions both significantly improve urban eco-efficiency, while that in western and northeastern regions are not significant to urban eco-efficiency; moreover, the promotion effect of national new areas on urban eco-efficiency in the regions of “one new area in one city” model is better than that in “one new area in two cities” model; (4) Finally, the establishment of national new areas in non-resource-based cities show more positive effects on promoting urban eco-efficiency than that in resource-based cities.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Does the Establishment of National New Areas Improve Urban Ecological Efficiency? Empirical Evidence Based on Staggered DID Model

Wang

Qiao

Liu

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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The environmental effects of national new areas have been an important topic but received little attention in academia. This study conducts a quasi-natural experiment using panel data of China’s 282 prefecture-level cities from 2006 to 2019, and evaluates the establishment of national new areas on urban ecological efficiency using the staggered difference-in-difference (DID) method, tests the robustness, and further examines the influential mechanism and urban heterogeneity of the empirical results. The results show that the establishment of national new areas has significantly improved urban eco-efficiency. Moreover, the mechanism analysis of the influences shows that national new areas improve urban eco-efficiency by improving urbanization level and urban transportation infrastructure. In addition, the heterogeneity analysis of cities shows that national new areas of cities in eastern and central regions are both significantly improving urban eco-efficiency, while those in western and northeastern regions are not. Furthermore, the promotion effect in the regions of “one new area in one city” model is better than that in “one new area in two cities” model; national new areas in non-resource-based cities show more positive effects on promoting urban eco-efficiency than those in resource-based cities. The conclusions reliably evaluate the results of the current construction of national new areas and provide feasible suggestions for further implementation of the related policy to balance economic development and environmental protection.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Does the Establishment of National New Areas Improve Urban Ecological Efficiency? Empirical Evidence Based on Staggered DID Model

Wang

Qiao

Liu

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…Furthermore, referring to previous studies [50,51], we adopted the SDID model to identify the spatial spillover effects of the NUA policy on both NUA-designated cities (treated regions) and neighboring non-NUA-designated cities (untreated regions). The SDID model is set up as follows.…”

Section: Model Specificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In an ideal natural experiment, the cities in the treated and untreated groups should conform to the random selection process. To test the robustness of the model results, referring to previous studies [51,52], we relax the assumption of individual randomness and apply the PSM-DID method for estimation. In the following way, we first use the control variables as matching variables and calculate the propensity score for each city using the logistic model and match the scores.…”

Section: Psm-didmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can the Policy of National Urban Agglomeration Improve Economic and Environmental Gains? Evidence from Quasi-Natural Experiments with 280 Cities in China

Kong

Zhang

Meng

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Urban agglomerations are an important symbol in the development of modernization. In this paper, we utilize the National Urban Agglomeration (NUA) policy as a quasi-natural experiment in the Chinese context. Adopting data from 280 cities from 2005 to 2019 as research samples, we use difference-in-differences (DID) and spatial difference-in-differences models (SDID) to examine the effect and mechanism of the implementation of the NUA policy on economic development and environmental pollution in China. The result shows that the NUA policy can achieve urban economic and environmental gains, which still holds after the robustness test. The heterogeneity analysis showed that the effects of the NUA policy are more evident in large and medium-sized cities. The curbing effect of the NUA policy on pollution emissions is apparent in the eastern region. Considering spatial heterogeneity, the expected economic and environmental benefits of the NUA policy are partially borne out. In addition to the green technology innovation, the NUA policy also influences regional economic development and environmental pollution through industrial agglomeration and the upgrading of industrial structures, respectively. It is essential to strengthen regional cooperation and establish the development concept of community interests between cities.

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“…Government reports de ne the NNAs as "comprehensive projects undertaking national, signi cant, and strategic tasks of development and reform" (National Development and Reform Commission, 2019, p. 1). Geographically, each NNA is located within a hinterland city (Feng & Wang, 2021) -an administrative unit equivalent to a metropolitan area, including prefecture-level cities, provincial capitals, and province-level municipalities. For example, the 2270km 2 Binhai NNA is located within the 11917km 2 Tianjin City, and the 806km 2 Lanzhou NNA is part of the 13192km 2 Lanzhou City.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Measuring the ecological performance of China’s National New Areas: A holistic ecological perspective

Lin

2022

Preprint

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China’s 19 National New Areas (NNAs) are experiencing an ecological transition toward sustainable development since the mid-2010s. Existing empirical studies are faced with limitations in evaluating the NNAs’ ecological performance and fall short in measuring the NNAs’ impacts on the broader ecosystem. The research engages two approaches, the Ecosystem Service Value (ESV) and the Ecological Footprint (EF), to assess and compare how the NNAs changed local landscape and influenced regional ecosystems. Analyses show that, from 2015 to 2019, 15 NNAs exhibit increasing ESV trends with rates ranging from 0.13 to 122.43 million US dollars per year. In contrast, per capita EF decreased in only 8 of the NNAs’ hinterland cities, and the average rose from 4.22 to 4.26 global hectares. The results suggest that the NNAs have begun to show positive impacts on enhancing the local environment while still having limited influence on the regional ecosystems. This mismatch might result from policy-makers’ and planners’ greenwashing approach to building Eco-cities and the over-concentration of resources in the NNAs caused by top-down political intervention. Through analyzing the NNAs’ ecological performance with the two differing methods, this research advocates for a holistic ecological perspective to embrace sustainable developments across geopolitical boundaries.

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Effects of National New District on economic development and air pollution in China: empirical evidence from 69 large and medium-sized cities

Cited by 13 publications

References 21 publications

Does the Establishment of National New Areas Improve Urban Ecological Efficiency? Empirical Evidence Based on Staggered DID Model

Does the Establishment of National New Areas Improve Urban Ecological Efficiency? Empirical Evidence Based on Staggered DID Model

Can the Policy of National Urban Agglomeration Improve Economic and Environmental Gains? Evidence from Quasi-Natural Experiments with 280 Cities in China

Measuring the ecological performance of China’s National New Areas: A holistic ecological perspective

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