Effects of naphthalene on the hemoglobin concentration and oxygen uptake ofDaphnia magna

Jy, Crider; Wilhm, Jerry; Hj, Harmon

doi:10.1007/bf01608412

Cited by 31 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…anguillarum was only found in tissues of Oil/Pathogen challenged fish (Fig 3D), fish that also showed down-regulation in immune related genes and β-hemoglobin (Fig 2B and 2C). Similar results have been observed in other hydrocarbon-exposed fish species [26,63–66,97], with down-regulation interpreted as lowered erythrocyte levels leading to a reduction in oxygen transport [36,64,66,67]. This is consistent with our observations of Oil/Pathogen challenged fish “gulping” for oxygen.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Crude oil impairs immune function and increases susceptibility to pathogenic bacteria in southern flounder

et al. 2017

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Exposure to crude oil or its individual constituents can have detrimental impacts on fish species, including impairment of the immune response. Increased observations of skin lesions in northern Gulf of Mexico fish during the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill indicated the possibility of oil-induced immunocompromisation resulting in bacterial or viral infection. This study used a full factorial design of oil exposure and bacterial challenge to examine how oil exposure impairs southern flounder (Paralichthys lethostigma) immune function and increases susceptibility to the bacteria Vibrio anguillarum, a causative agent of vibriosis. Fish exposed to oil prior to bacterial challenge exhibited 94.4% mortality within 48 hours of bacterial exposure. Flounder challenged with V. anguillarum without prior oil exposure had <10% mortality. Exposure resulted in taxonomically distinct gill and intestine bacterial communities. Mortality strongly correlated with V. anguillarum levels, where it comprised a significantly higher percentage of the microbiome in Oil/Pathogen challenged fish and was nearly non-existent in the No Oil/Pathogen challenged fish bacterial community. Elevated V. anguillarum levels were a direct result of oil exposure-induced immunosuppression. Oil-exposure reduced expression of immunoglobulin M, the major systemic fish antibody, and resulted in an overall downregulation in transcriptome response, particularly in genes related to immune function, response to stimulus and hemostasis. Ultimately, sediment-borne oil exposure impairs immune function, leading to increased incidences of bacterial infections. This type of sediment-borne exposure may result in long-term marine ecosystem effects, as oil-bound sediment in the northern Gulf of Mexico will likely remain a contamination source for years to come.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 92%

Crude oil impairs immune function and increases susceptibility to pathogenic bacteria in southern flounder

et al. 2017

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“…Alibone and Fair [24] reported a pH-induced effect on the oxygen consumption of D. magna, whereas Crider et al [25] and Ullrich and Millemann [26] used the respiration criterion to assess the toxicity of naphthalene and the water-soluble fraction of different types of oils, respectively. In this study, the effect on the E c of the daphnids was clearly toxicant-and exposure time-specific.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Missing Biomarker Link: Relationships Between Effects on the Cellular Energy Allocation Biomarker of Toxicant-Stressed Daphnia Magna and Corresponding Population Characteristics

Coen¹,

Janssen²

2003

Environ Toxicol Chem

173

117

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The cellular energy allocation (CEA) methodology was used to assess the adverse effects of toxic stress on the energy budget of test organisms. This biochemical assay is quantified by determining changes in the available energy reserves, Ea (total carbohydrate, protein, and lipid content) and the energy consumption, Ec (electron transport activity). The CEA methodology was fully explored by using neonates of Daphnia magna exposed for 96 h to six model toxicants (CdCl2, K2Cr2O7, tributyltin chloride, linear alkylbenzene sulfonic acid, sodium pentachlorophenolate, and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid). To evaluate the ecological relevance of the CEA parameter, we compared the suborganismal responses with population-level parameters (obtained from 21-d life-table experiments) such as the intrinsic rate of natural increase (rm) and the mean total offspring per female. The observed reductions in CEA values were both the result of a decrease in Ea and an increase in Ec. From all individual CEA components analyzed, the lipid reserve criterion was the most sensitive endpoint studied. Both the CEA-based lowest-observed-adverse-effect concentration (LOAEC) values and the effective concentration of 10% (EC10) values were significantly (p < 0.05) and linearly correlated with the chronic (21-d) LOAEC and EC10 values based on growth, survival, and reproduction. This relationship demonstrates the usefulness of the methodology to predict long-term effects. Furthermore, significant (p < 0.0001) sigmoid relationships between the 96-h CEA value (expressed as percentage relative to the control) and population-level effects were observed.

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“…Females with enlarged ovaries that had moulted, but not yet laid eggs, were included in the with-eggs category. Total body haemoglobin was measured using a modification of the carboxyhaemoglobin method of Crider, Wilhm & Harmon (1982). Samples consisted of three to fifteen Daphnia of the same reproductive state, state.…”

Section: Haemoglobin Induction Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The production of hemoglobin by small pond Daphnia pulex: intraspecific variation and its relation to habitat

Engle¹

1985

Freshwater Biology

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SUMMARY. Hemoglobin production was measured for two populations of Daphnia pulex, one from a temporary pond (GR Pond) and one from a permanent pond (Rash Pond). Surface water in Rash Pond remains high in oxygen, while by late summer very little oxygen remains in GR Pond. Hemoglobin synthesis was induced in the laboratory by artificial oxygen deficiency. Reproductive state influenced the level of hemoglobin in Daphnia. Females with parthenogenesis eggs had higher total body hemoglobin than ephippial females. Clutches laid by pale Daphnia immediately before exposure to low oxygen conditions were aborted. Offspring produced by hemoglobin‐rich females later in the treatment survived. Hemoglobin production was higher for Rash Pond Daphnia. Visual predators exist in GR Pond, but are absent in Rash Pond. Also, Daphnia are smaller in GR Pond. Visual predation may have selected against high levels of hemoglobin in the temporary pond. Thus oxygen availability in nature is not necessarily a good predictor of hemoglobin production by Daphnia. Feeding behavior was altered in low oxygen conditions. Browsing was dominant in low oxygen treatments while Daphnia in control treatments filtered algae normally. Browsing may increase access to sedimented iron necessary for hemoglobin synthesis.

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Effects of naphthalene on the hemoglobin concentration and oxygen uptake ofDaphnia magna

Cited by 31 publications

References 11 publications

Crude oil impairs immune function and increases susceptibility to pathogenic bacteria in southern flounder

Crude oil impairs immune function and increases susceptibility to pathogenic bacteria in southern flounder

The Missing Biomarker Link: Relationships Between Effects on the Cellular Energy Allocation Biomarker of Toxicant-Stressed Daphnia Magna and Corresponding Population Characteristics

The production of hemoglobin by small pond Daphnia pulex: intraspecific variation and its relation to habitat

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