Effects of Nano-Silicon Spraying on Physiological Parameters of Bean Varieties Under Saline Stress Conditions

Abstract

The winter 2022-2023 field experiment in Babil Governorate's Al-Musayyib project region studied how nano-silicon spraying on three bean varieties and sodium chloride salt stress affected crop physiological parameters. A randomized complete block design was used in this factorial experiment with three replications and three factor. The first factor included four Bean varieties were Local, Aquadulce, and Lue Deotono. Second factor was nano-silicon concentrations (0, 2, and 4) ml L -1 . The third factor is sodium chloride salt stress (0, 75, 150) mmol L -1 . The results showed that the Aquadulce variety was superior in plant height and leaf area, total chlorophyll, peroxidase, and catalase enzyme activity, were 112.76 cm, 3319 cm 2 , 17.01 mg 100 g -1 fresh weight, 15.32 absorption unit min -1 g -1 , and 8.58 absorption unit min -1 g -1 , respectively. As for spraying with nanosilicon, the concentration exceeded (4 ml L -1 ) for the mentioned characteristics, with averages of 109.58 cm, 3161 cm 2 , 18.55 mg 100 g -1 fresh weight, 16.89 absorption unit min -1 g -1 , and 9.10 absorption unit min -1 g -1 , respectively. It was also noted that salt stress had a significant effect on the traits under study, as the treatment (75 mmol L -1 ) excelled in the content of proline acid with an average of 1.31 µmol g -1 , and the treatment (150 mmol L -1 ) excelled in the content of the POD and CAT enzymes with averages of 15.67 and 8.76 absorption unit min -1 g -1 , respectively, it was also observed that the control treatment was superior in the remaining traits.