Effects of N-supply on the rates of photosynthesis and shoot and root respiration of inherently fast- and slow-growing monocotyledonous species

Werf, Adrie van der; Nuenen, Marc van; Visser, A. J.; Lambers, Hans

doi:10.1034/j.1399-3054.1993.890322.x

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Further, photosynthetic CUEs were in the range of values observed in young herbaceous plants (Van Iersel 2003). The CUE of low‐nitrogen plants was lower, and at least part of this difference was probably caused by their lower shoot to root ratio and a higher contribution of root respiration to total respiration (Table 1; Van der Werf et al. 1993a).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen deficiency increases the residence time of respiratory carbon in the respiratory substrate supply system of perennial ryegrass

Lehmeier

Lattanzi

Schäufele

et al. 2010

Plant, Cell &Amp; Environment

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Plant respiration draws on substrate pools of different functional/biochemical identity. Little is known about the effect of nitrogen deficiency on those pools' sizes, half-lives and relative contribution to respiration, and consequently, of carbon residence time in respiratory metabolism. Here we studied how nitrogen fertilization affects the respiratory carbon supply system of shoots and roots of Lolium perenne, a perennial grass. Plants grown at two nitrogen supply levels in continuous light were labelled with 13 CO2/ 12 CO2 for intervals ranging from 1 h to 1 month. The rate and isotopic composition of shoot, root and plant respiration were measured, and the time-courses of tracer incorporation into respired CO2 were analysed by compartmental modelling. Nitrogen deficiency reduced specific respiration rate by 30%, but increased the size of the respiratory supply system by 30%. In consequence, mean residence time of respiratory carbon increased with nitrogen deficiency (4.6 d at high nitrogen and 9.2 d at low nitrogen supply). To a large extent, this was due to a greater involvement of stores with a long half-life in respiratory carbon metabolism of nitrogen-deficient plants. At both nitrogen supply levels, stores supplying root respiration were primarily located in the shoot, probably in the form of fructans.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen deficiency increases the residence time of respiratory carbon in the respiratory substrate supply system of perennial ryegrass

Lehmeier

Lattanzi

Schäufele

et al. 2010

Plant, Cell &Amp; Environment

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“…Further evidence for the contention that [CO2] affects allocation only in an indirect manner comes from a comparison of the leaf nitrogen concentration, which is also a good indicator of the plant's nutrient status ( Van der Weft et al, 1993a). When CO2-enriched plants are grown in soil without an adequate nutrient supply, the leaf nitrogen concentration is decreased, whereas no effect is observed for CO2-enriched plants grown in nutrient solution or in well-fertilized soil (e.g.…”

Section: Interaction Between High [C02] and Nutrient Availabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the generally lower specific rates of root resipiration at a low nutrient supply, carbon demands for root respiration, expressed as a fraction of the carbon fixed in photosynthesis, increases considerably at a low nutrient supply ( Van der Werf et al, 1992, 1993a. This is partly due to the greatly increased root weight ratio (root weight per unit plant weight) and decreased leaf area ratio (leaf area per unit plant weight), and partly to a decreased rate of photosynthesis per unit leaf area when nitrogen or phosphate are limiting for plant growth.…”

Section: Interaction Between High [C02] and Nutrient Availabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon use in root respiration as affected by elevated atmospheric O2

Lambers

Stulen

vanderWerf³

1995

Plant Soil

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Carbon use in root respiration as affected by elevated atmospheric 02H a n s L a m b e r s l, I n e k e Stulen 2 and A d r i e v a n der W e r f 3 AbstractThe use of fossil fuel is predicted to cause an increase of the atmospheric CO2 concentration, which will affect the global pattern of temperature and precipitation. It is therefore essential to incorporate effects of temperature and water supply on the carbon requirement for root respiration of plants to predict effects of elevated [CO2] on the carbon budget of natural and managed systems.There is insufficient information to support the contentention that an increase in the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere will enhance the CO2 concentration in the soil to an extent that is likely to affect root respiration.Moreover, there is no convincing evidence for a direct effect of elevated atmospheric [CO2] on the rate of root respiration per unit root mass or the fraction of carbon required for root respiration. However, there are likely to be indirect effects of elevated [CO2] on the carbon requirement of plants in natural systems.Firstly, it is very likely that the carbon requirement of root respiration relative to that fixed in photosynthesis will increase when elevated [CO2] induces a decrease in nutrient status of the plants. Although earlier papers have emphasized that elevated [CO2] favours investment of biomass in roots relative to that in leaves, these are in fact indirect effects. The increase in root weight ratio is due to the more rapid depletion of nutrients in the root environment as a consequence of enhanced growth. This will decrease the specific rate of root respiration, but increase the carbon requirement as a fraction of the carbon fixed in photosynthesis. It is likely that these effects will be minor in systems where the nutrient supply is very high, e.g. in many managed arable systems, and increase with decreasing soil fertility, i.e. in many natural systems.Secondly, a decrease in rainfall in some parts of the world may cause a shortage in water supply which favours the carbon partitioning to roots. Water stress is likely to reduce rates of root respiration per unit root mass, but enhance the fraction of total assimilates required for root respiration, due to greater allocation of biomass to roots.Increased temperatures are unlikely to affect the specific rate of root respiration in all species. Broadly generalized, the effect of temperature on biomass allocation is that the relative investment of biomass in roots is lowest at a certain optimum temperature and increases at both higher and lower temperatures. The root respiration of some species acclimates to growth temperature, so that the effect of global temperature rise is entirely accounted for by the effect of temperature on biomass allocation. The specific rate of root respiration of other species will increase with global warming. In response to global wanning the carbon requirement of roots is likely to decrease in temperate regions, when temperatures are suboptimal for the roots' cap...

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“…Because GA deficiency reduced growth rates, and plants with a low growth rate allocate a smaller fraction of carbon to leaf growth and a much larger fraction to root respiration (Poorter et al . 1990; Van der Werf et al . 1993a; Atkin, Botman & Lambers 1996b), the decreased allocation of C to leaf growth and increased allocation to root respiration of the low‐GA mutants may have been brought about by their lower growth potential.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in the acquisition and partitioning of carbon and nitrogen in the gibberellin‐deficient mutants A70 and W335 of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

Nagel

Lambers

2002

Plant Cell & Environment

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Even though the growth-promoting effects of gibberellins (GAs) in plants are well established, little is known about GA action on carbon metabolism and the available reports seem contradictory. We studied the effects of GA deficiency in mutants of tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L.) on rates of carbon acquisition and the allocation of acquired carbon to growth and respiration of leaves, stems and roots. Carbon budgets were calculated from 24 h measurements of photosynthesis and respiration. The partitioning of nitrogen compounds to leaves, stems and roots, which strongly influences carbon budgets, was also studied. The GAdeficient mutants acquired less carbon per unit plant mass per day than did the wild type and used a larger fraction of it for root growth and root respiration. To find out to what extent these changes were just consequences of restriction of growth, the experiment was repeated at a low exponential nitrate addition rate, which forced all genotypes to grow at the same rate. Under these conditions, the low-GA mutants still photosynthesized and respired faster and partitioned more carbon to root growth than the wild type did. The reasons for the observed differences in carbon economies between the wild type and the low-GA mutants are discussed.

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Effects of N-supply on the rates of photosynthesis and shoot and root respiration of inherently fast- and slow-growing monocotyledonous species

Cited by 7 publications

References 11 publications

Nitrogen deficiency increases the residence time of respiratory carbon in the respiratory substrate supply system of perennial ryegrass

Nitrogen deficiency increases the residence time of respiratory carbon in the respiratory substrate supply system of perennial ryegrass

Carbon use in root respiration as affected by elevated atmospheric O2

Changes in the acquisition and partitioning of carbon and nitrogen in the gibberellin‐deficient mutants A70 and W335 of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

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