Effects of n-6 PUFAs compared with SFAs on liver fat, lipoproteins, and inflammation in abdominal obesity: a randomized controlled trial

Bjermo, Helena; Iggman, David; Kullberg, Joel; Dahlman, Ingrid; Johansson, Lars; Persson, Lena; Berglund, Johan; Pulkki, Kari; Basu, Samar; Uusitupa, Matti; Rudling, Mats; Arner, Peter; Cederholm, Tommy; Åhlström, Håkan; Risérus, Ulf

doi:10.3945/ajcn.111.030114

Cited by 410 publications

(386 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…The effect of LA on ischemic stroke may act through several mechanisms. Numerous studies have thus reported a beneficial effect of LA on blood lipids and blood pressure 23, 24. Since hypercholesterolemia and hypertension have a different impact on the large precerebral arteries and the small cerebral arteries,9, 25, 26 this could partly explain the observed differences in risk between subtypes of ischemic stroke.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linoleic Acid in Adipose Tissue and Development of Ischemic Stroke: A Danish Case‐Cohort Study

Venø

Bork

Jakobsen

et al. 2018

JAHA

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BackgroundWe investigated the association between the content of linoleic acid in adipose tissue, a biomarker of long‐term intake of linoleic acid, and the risk of ischemic stroke and its subtypes.Methods and ResultsThe Danish cohort study Diet, Cancer and Health included 57 053 patients aged 50 to 65 years at enrollment. All participants had an adipose tissue biopsy performed at enrollment, while information on ischemic stroke during follow‐up was obtained from the Danish National Patient Register. Stroke diagnoses were all validated and classified according to the Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) classification. Cases and a randomly drawn subcohort of 3500 patients had their fatty acid composition in adipose tissue determined by gas chromatography. Hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated using weighted Cox proportional hazard regression. During 13.5 years of follow‐up, 1879 ischemic stroke cases were identified, for which 1755 adipose biopsies were available, while adipose biopsies were available for 3203 participants in the subcohort. When comparing the highest and the lowest quartiles of adipose tissue content of linoleic acid there was a negative association with the rate of total ischemic stroke (hazard ratio, 0.78; 95% confidence interval, 0.65–0.93) and large artery atherosclerosis (hazard ratio, 0.61; 95% confidence interval, 0.43–0.88), while there was an indication of a negative association with small‐vessel occlusion (hazard ratio, 0.87; 95% confidence interval, 0.69–1.11). There was no clear association with the rate of cardioembolism.ConclusionsThe content of linoleic acid in adipose tissue was inversely associated with the risk of total ischemic stroke and stroke caused by large artery atherosclerosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linoleic Acid in Adipose Tissue and Development of Ischemic Stroke: A Danish Case‐Cohort Study

Venø

Bork

Jakobsen

et al. 2018

JAHA

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“…follow-up, this trial concluded that there was no significant 162 reduction in cardiovascular endpoints, although no serious IG3 adverse effects were noted (34]. While these data imply that IG4 omega-3 PUFA may be preferable to other forms, omega-6 PUFA JG5 may themselves be preferable to saturated fat, as a randomized 166 trial of supplementation in 61 obese people with omega-6 PUFA 167 versus saturated fat indicated lower hepatic steatosis, serum 168 insulin and inflammatory markers in the omega-6 group (35). 169 With respect to NAFLD in particular, a randomized, placebo 110 controlled trial in 60 pediatric patients with ultrasound 111 diagnosed NAFLD with supplementation of omega-3 PUFA (500 mg of docosahexaenoic acid) resulted in reduced liver fat and triglycerides and improved insulin sensitivity without weight gain [36].…”

Section: 2mentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise and diet in the management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Mahady

George

2016

Metabolism

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“…The cholesterol-and triglyceride-lowering effects of ω-6 PUFA consumption in place of SFAs are of particular interest for dyslipidemic and IR subjects. However, data on the impact of this dietary substitution on lipoprotein metabolism in subjects with dyslipidemia associated with IR are limited and mixed (15)(16)(17)(18). Therefore, our ability to define optimal, evidence-based dietary guidelines for this population at high CVD risk remains limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substitution of dietary ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids for saturated fatty acids decreases LDL apolipoprotein B-100 production rate in men with dyslipidemia associated with insulin resistance: a randomized controlled trial

Drouin‐Chartier

Tremblay

Lépine

et al. 2018

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

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Background:The substitution of omega (ω)-6 (n-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) for saturated fatty acids (SFAs) is advocated in cardiovascular disease prevention. The impact of this substitution on lipoprotein metabolism in subjects with dyslipidemia associated with insulin resistance (IR) remains unknown. Objective: In men with dyslipidemia and IR, we evaluated the impact of substituting ω-6 PUFAs for SFAs on the in vivo kinetics of apolipoprotein (apo) B-containing lipoproteins and on the intestinal expression of key genes involved in lipoprotein metabolism. Design: Dyslipidemic and IR men (n = 36) were recruited for this double-blind, randomized, crossover, controlled trial. Subjects consumed, in a random order, a fully controlled diet rich in SFAs (SFAs: 13.4% of energy; ω-6 PUFAs: 4.0%) and a fully controlled diet rich in ω-6 PUFAs (SFAs: 6.0%; ω-6 PUFAs: 11.3%) for periods of 4 wk, separated by a 4-wk washout period. At the end of each diet, the in vivo kinetics of apoB-containing lipoproteins were measured and the intestinal expression of key genes involved in lipoprotein metabolism was quantified in duodenal biopsies taken from each participant. Results: The substitution of ω-6 PUFAs for SFAs had no impact on TRL apoB-48 fractional catabolic rate ( = -3.8%, P = 0.7) and production rate ( = +1.2%, P = 0.9), although it downregulated the intestinal expression of the microsomal triglyceride transfer protein ( = -18.4%, P = 0.006) and apoB ( = -16.6%, P = 0.005). The substitution of ω-6 PUFAs for SFAs decreased the LDL apoB-100 pool size ( = -7.8%; P = 0.005). This difference was attributed to a reduction in the LDL apoB-100 production rate after the substitution of ω-6 PUFAs for SFAs ( = -10.0%; P = 0.003). Conclusions: This study demonstrates that the substitution of dietary ω-6 PUFAs for SFAs decreases the production and number of LDL particles in men with dyslipidemia and IR. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01934543.Am J Clin Nutr 2018;107:26-34.

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Effects of n-6 PUFAs compared with SFAs on liver fat, lipoproteins, and inflammation in abdominal obesity: a randomized controlled trial

Cited by 410 publications

References 50 publications

Linoleic Acid in Adipose Tissue and Development of Ischemic Stroke: A Danish Case‐Cohort Study

Linoleic Acid in Adipose Tissue and Development of Ischemic Stroke: A Danish Case‐Cohort Study

Exercise and diet in the management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Substitution of dietary ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids for saturated fatty acids decreases LDL apolipoprotein B-100 production rate in men with dyslipidemia associated with insulin resistance: a randomized controlled trial

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