Effects of Montmorency Tart Cherry Juice Consumption on Cardiometabolic Biomarkers in Adults with Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial

Johnson, Sarah A.; Navaei, Negin; Pourafshar, Shirin; Jaime, Salvador J.; Akhavan, Neda; Alvarez-Alvarado, Stacey; Proaño, Gabriela V.; Litwin, Nicole S.; Clark, Elizabeth A.; Foley, Elizabeth; George, Kelli; Elam, Marcus L.; Payton, Mark E.; Arjmandi, Bahram H.; Figueroa, Arturo

doi:10.1089/jmf.2019.0240

Cited by 38 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Despite recruiting middle-aged individuals with additional risk-factors for CVD, the participants in the current study were either presymptomatic or had controlled hypertension, thus had BP readings within the normal range, whereas the older adults had higher BP at baseline. Moreover, the data in the present study are in line with those of the others that longer tart cherry supplementation does not influence resting SBP in normotensive individuals [11,56], even those with increased CVD risk [12,27]; this suggests that the latter reason is the most probable one for the disparity between the studies.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…For example, Lynn and colleagues [ 11 ] reported no effect on brachial-knee PWV in healthy middle-aged adults, following a 6-week supplementation with 30 mL MC concentrate, in an open-labelled randomised controlled trial. Similarly, Johnson et al [ 27 ] reported no effect of a 12-week bi-daily MC consumption on Aix, when corrected for a HR of 75 beats/min or PWV, in individuals with metabolic syndrome. Moreover, Aboo-Bakker et al [ 26 ] demonstrated that a 4-week supplementation of MC powder (256 mg/day anthocyanins split into two doses, morning and evening) did not improve resting FMD; however, it did restore FMD and enhance the recovery of plasma nitrite following occlusion-induced ischemia reperfusion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, a longer-term (12 week) consumption of MC juice has been shown to reduce systolic BP and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in older adults [ 14 ]. Moreover, Johnson and colleagues [ 27 ] demonstrated that 12, but not 6, weeks of MC reduce oxidised LDL in individuals with metabolic syndrome. To date, there has been no study investigating the longer-term influence of MC on cardiometabolic risk factors in a middle-aged population; however, based on recent findings, it was hypothesised that longer-term MC supplementation would improve vascular function and metabolic health parameters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Influence of Tart Cherry (Prunus cerasus, cv Montmorency) Concentrate Supplementation for 3 Months on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Middle-Aged Adults: A Randomised, Placebo-Controlled Trial

et al. 2021

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Background: Tart Montmorency cherries (MC) have been shown to be rich in anthocyanins and other phytochemicals known to have anti-inflammatory properties and influence pathways that might improve cardiometabolic health. However, there is limited evidence for the longer-term use of tart cherries on these indices. The aim of the current study was to investigate the influence of MC concentrate on cardiometabolic health indices following a 3-month supplementation period. Methods: Fifty middle-aged adults (34 males and 16 females; mean ± SD age: 48 ± 6 years and BMI: 27.6 ± 3.7 kg/m2) completed a randomised, placebo-controlled parallel study in which they either received MC or an isocaloric placebo. Participants drank 30 mL of their allocated treatment twice per day for 3 months. Vascular function (blood pressure [BP], heart rate [HR], pulse wave velocity and analysis [PWV/A], and flow mediated dilation [FMD]) as well as indices of metabolic health (insulin, glucose, lipid profiles, and high sensitivity C reactive protein) were measured following an overnight fast before and after the 3 months. Results: No effect of the intervention between the groups was observed for vascular function or metabolic health variables following the intervention (p > 0.05). However, MC concentrate was shown to be safe and well-tolerated and, importantly, did not have any deleterious effects on these outcomes. In conclusion, MC has no influence on cardiometabolic indices in middle-aged adults.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Influence of Tart Cherry (Prunus cerasus, cv Montmorency) Concentrate Supplementation for 3 Months on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Middle-Aged Adults: A Randomised, Placebo-Controlled Trial

et al. 2021

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“…In two studies [51,53], tocotrienols were detectible in the blood plasma after supplementation, showing that the body is absorbing this compound and it was detectible in the vital organs. It is also noted that anthocyanins (both from sweet and tart cherry), reduce oxidative stress and improve metabolic markers in human clinical studies, as is reflective of our study in cell culture [54,55]. Additionally, anthocyanins show anti-inflammatory effects, promotion of healthy glucose regulation, anti-arthritic effects, and decreased liver triglycerides [54].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Mechanisms Mediating Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Delta-Tocotrienol and Tart Cherry Anthocyanins in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes

et al. 2020

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Chronic low-grade inflammation is a primary characteristic of obesity and can lead to other metabolic complications including insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Several anti-inflammatory dietary bioactives decrease inflammation that accompanies metabolic diseases. We are specifically interested in delta-tocotrienol, (DT3) an isomer of vitamin E, and tart cherry anthocyanins (TCA), both of which possess individual anti-inflammatory properties. We have previously demonstrated that DT3 and TCA, individually, reduced systemic and adipose tissue inflammation in rodent models of obesity. However, whether these compounds have combinatorial effects has not been determined yet. Hence, we hypothesize that a combined treatment of DT3 and TCA will have great effects in reducing inflammation in adipocytes, and that these effects are mediated via the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFkB), a major inflammatory transcription factor. We used 3T3-L1 adipocytes and treated them with 1–5 µM doses of DT3 along with tart cherry containing 18–36 µg anthocyanin/mL, to assess effects on inflammation. Neither DT3 nor TCA, nor their combinations had toxic effects on adipocytes. Furthermore, pro-inflammatory markers interleukin-6 (IL-6) and p-65 (subunit of NFkB) were reduced at the protein level in media collected from adipocytes with both individual and combined treatments. Additionally, other downstream targets of NFkB including macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (Mip2), and Cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox2) were also significantly downregulated (p ≤ 0.05) when treated with individual and combined doses of DT3 and TCA with no additional combinatorial effects. In summary, DT3 and TCA individually, are beneficial in reducing inflammation with no additional combinatorial effects.

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“…Thus, HPLC coupled to various type of MS is preferable since these approaches allow exact molecular weight determinations ( 113 ). HPLC-MS is often used for determination of anthocyanin in TC juice ( 87 ), due to the low level of anthocyanin this dilute sample (e.g., vs concentrate); hence there is a need for a more sensitive MS detector. However outside of juice analyses, this HPLC-MS approach is less often encountered compared to HPLC UV.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Analytical Methods and Reporting of the Polyphenol Content of Tart Cherry Supplements in Human Supplementation Studies Investigating Health and Exercise Performance Effects: Recommendations for Good Practice

et al. 2021

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Tart cherries (TC) are a rich source of polyphenols that elicit antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. As a consequence, the effects of TC derived supplements on markers of human health, exercise performance and sleep have been investigated. Supplementation protocols have been highly variable across studies and the dose of bioactive compounds used has often been poorly characterized. Specific and non-specific analytical methods were employed for measuring the total polyphenol and anthocyanin content in TC supplements. This review critically analyses the supplementation protocols and the analytical methods used for the characterization of TC supplements, culminating in recommendations for good practice in the analysis and reporting of the polyphenol content and profile of TC products. A literature search was conducted using PubMed/Medline and Web of Science up to May 4th, 2020, including studies published in all years prior. Only articles written in English that provided a TC dietary supplement as opposed to fresh whole TC were included in this review. Forty-three studies were identified as eligible and included for analysis in this review. The studies investigated the effects of TC supplementation on various aspects of human health, exercise recovery and performance and sleep. Twenty studies conducted an analysis of TC supplement and reported total polyphenol/anthocyanin content. Six studies did not report the polyphenol content of the TC supplement used. Seventeen studies reported the TC supplement polyphenol content but this was derived from previously published studies and presumably different supplement batches. The duration of the supplementation protocol ranged from acute supplementation to 84 days, meanwhile the total polyphenol and anthocyanin dose ranged from 143 to 2,140 mg/day and 15 to 547 mg/day, respectively. Due to the variety of specific and non-specific analytical methods used, the relative efficacy of different doses and polyphenol blends cannot reliably be extrapolated from critical analysis of the literature. Future studies should conduct an analysis of the study supplement batch. In addition to analysis and reporting of total polyphenol content, specific analytical methods such as HPLC UV/MS should be used to quantify total and individual anthocyanin contents.

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Effects of Montmorency Tart Cherry Juice Consumption on Cardiometabolic Biomarkers in Adults with Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Pilot Trial

Cited by 38 publications

References 38 publications

The Influence of Tart Cherry (Prunus cerasus, cv Montmorency) Concentrate Supplementation for 3 Months on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Middle-Aged Adults: A Randomised, Placebo-Controlled Trial

The Influence of Tart Cherry (Prunus cerasus, cv Montmorency) Concentrate Supplementation for 3 Months on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Middle-Aged Adults: A Randomised, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Mechanisms Mediating Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Delta-Tocotrienol and Tart Cherry Anthocyanins in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes

Review of Analytical Methods and Reporting of the Polyphenol Content of Tart Cherry Supplements in Human Supplementation Studies Investigating Health and Exercise Performance Effects: Recommendations for Good Practice

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