Effects of monothioglycerol, alpha-chlorohydrin and 5-thio-D-glucose on the fertility of male hamster

Das, R. P.; Yanagimachi, Ryuzo

doi:10.1016/0010-7824(78)90003-3

Cited by 14 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The fertility of male hamsters was inhibited by daily oral doses of a-chlorohydrin (30-100 mg/kg) for 7 days (Das and Yanagimachi 1978). This effect was mediated by an impairment of epididymal sperm motility and was completely reversible, the animals resuming normal fertility 1 week after treatment had ceased.…”

Section: Effects On Species Other Than the Ratmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifertility Actions of a-Chlorohydrin in the Male

Ar¹

1983

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

112

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Non-steroidal chemicals that affect male fertility have been known for over 25 years but only one compound, alpha-chlorohydrin, possesses most of the attributes of an ideal male contraceptive. In the male rat, for example, continuous daily oral administration of low doses produces an almost immediate and continuous antifertility response that ceases when treatment is withdrawn. Such a dose regime does not interfere with libido, is apparently not toxic and the action is specific towards mature sperm. Furthermore, the action of the compound is species-specific: it is effective in the rat, ram, boar, guinea pig, hamster, rhesus monkey and upon ejaculated human sperm but it is ineffective in the mouse and the rabbit. High doses of alpha-chlorohydrin can be neurotoxic, nephrotoxic and, in rats, lead to prolonged or permanent infertility. However, the antifertility response and the toxicity of racemic alpha-chlorohydrin may be due, respectively, to the separate enantiomers. No other antifertility chemical has been investigated to such an extent as alpha-chlorohydrin; this article reviews the progress that has been achieved with alpha-chlorohydrin during the past six years.

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Section: Effects On Species Other Than the Ratmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antifertility Actions of a-Chlorohydrin in the Male

Ar¹

1983

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

112

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“…In rats permanent sterility resulted in all (25 mg/kg or more) or part (12.5 mg/kg) of the 10 Vickery test group even though in the latter case 14 weeks of daily dosing were required to produce infertility [106]. Little or no effect is seen in hamsters [107]. Although it has been suggested that 5-thio-D-glucose has potential for human use [108], on the basis of permanent sterility and the potential for diabetogenicity, others are not so sanguine [109].…”

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confidence: 99%

Non-steroidal interference with male fertility

Vickery¹

1986

Adv Contracept

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IntroductionThe male gamete has long been thought to be the most vulnerable point at which to interfere with fertility, particularly when this could be accomplished noninvasively at the time of transfer from male to female reproductive tracts. Thus the earliest attempts to interfere with male fertility date back to Roman times [1]. They were mechanical in nature and depended upon prevention of intromission (infibulation) or use of a barrier (condom). Also from the beginnings of recorded history, materials have been inserted into the vagina which interact with spermatozoa to prevent fertilization. Early materials were employed empirically and consisted of acidic or sticky materials [2,3]. Early frank spermicidal materials included quinine and mercurials [4,5].A milestone in the development of spermicides was the discovery in the early 1950s of the efficacy of the detergents typified by nonoxynol-9 [6]. More potent surfactants have been identified from time to time [7]. In the carefully monitored, well-motivated small-scale clinical trials these vaginal spermicides can achieve failure rates as low as 0.3 per 100 women years, essentially equivalent to the oral contraceptives for women [8][9][10][11]. Unfortunately, in widespread use, failure rates are much higher and retrospective surveys have shown up to 40% of users to become pregnant within 1 year [12][13][14][15]. With the exception of the animal studies reported on an imidazole with some additional loci of action [16--18] and some acrosin and hyaluronidase inhibitors [19--21], no noteworthy research has appeared in this area recently.It is probable that attempting to nullify very large numbers of normal motile spermatozoa within the female tract and within the anatomical and time constraints involved is doomed to failure. A better approach to male contraception with lesser constraints would likely be through administration of agents directly to the male. The present review addresses the varied history of this approach as it applies to non-steroidal materials. Advances in (i) Pituitary inhibitionHormonally active agents The earliest recorded studies on control of male fertility by chemical means administered to the male capitalized upon the observation that administration of low doses of testosterone to male rats was antispermatogenic [22]. As we now know, this reflected sufficient circulating androgen to cause feedback inhibition of gonadotropin release but insufficient intratesticular androgen levels to maintain spermatogenesis directly [23][24][25]. Studies in men with testosterone or its esters, however, never consistently achieved azoospermia or protection from pregnancy, except at dose levels expected to change lipoprotein formation and/or blood cell formation [26--28]. The long history of attempts to use steroids as indirect regulators of spermatogenesis is outside the scope of this review and is described by Dr Nieschlag in his review paper [29].From time to time non-steroidal structures with hormonal activity have been described ( Figure 1) and used ...

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3‐Chlor‐1,2‐propandiol [MAK Value Documentation in German language, 1992]

2012

The MAK‐Collection for Occupational Health and Safety

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Veröffentlicht in der Reihe Gesundheitsschädliche Arbeitsstoffe , 18. Lieferung, Ausgabe 1992 Der Artikel enthält folgende Kapitel: Allgemeiner Wirkungscharakter Angaben zur Pharmakokinetik Erfahrungen beim Menschen Tierexperimentelle Befunde Akute Toxizität Subchronische und chronische Toxizität In vivo ‐Untersuchungen In vitro‐Untersuchungen Teratogenitätsstudien Untersuchungen zur gentoxischen Wirkung Untersuchungen zur kanzerogenen Wirkung Zur Frage eines MAK‐Wertes

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Effects of monothioglycerol, alpha-chlorohydrin and 5-thio-D-glucose on the fertility of male hamster

Cited by 14 publications

References 17 publications

Antifertility Actions of a-Chlorohydrin in the Male

Antifertility Actions of a-Chlorohydrin in the Male

Non-steroidal interference with male fertility

3‐Chlor‐1,2‐propandiol [MAK Value Documentation in German language, 1992]

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