Effects of Molinate on Survival and Development of Bombina orientalis (Boulenger) Embryos

Kang, Han Seung; Park, Chan Jin; Gye, Myung Chan

doi:10.1007/s00128-008-9602-7

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Similar changes have also been reported in intoxication of larvae and Bombina orientalis tadpoles with molinate, a thiocarbamate used as an herbicide [123]. The change in survival rate was not significant until the blastula stage.…”

Section: Influence Of Pesticides On Histological and Biochemical Parasupporting

confidence: 80%

The Morphophysiological, Histological, and Biochemical Response of Some Nontarget Organisms to the Stress Induced by the Pesticides in the Environment

Soare¹,

Păunescu²,

Maria³

2019

Pesticides - Use and Misuse and Their Impact in the Environment

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Ferns, amphibians, and fish are groups of nontarget organisms affected by many types of pesticides that end up in the environment. This chapter aims to approach the following themes: the influence of different pesticides on the spore germination process and on the differentiation of their gametophyte; aspects regarding the impact of some pesticides on breathing in fish (physiology and histopathology at the branchial level), as well as a series of effects at the hematological and biochemical levels; and changes of some hematological, biochemical, and structural parameters in amphibians. Species that are not directly targeted by the action of the pesticide in the environment, ferns can be used in their gametophyte stage, young or mature sporophyte in different biotests to evaluate the risk associated with these substances. The biochemical, hemathological, and histopathological changes recorded in both fish and amphibians can be considered biomarkers of pesticide pollution.2 Different research on morphology, physiology, and biochemistry of gametophyte and sporophyte of fern species has shown that pesticides affect these processes, depending on species sensitivity, concentration, and exposure time.Fish assimilates pesticides through gills or contaminated food. Gills are the main channel of pesticide penetration, which is why any disease at this level will have a great influence on the adaptive changes in the fish body. The effects of pesticides on fish are numerous and varied: they cause mortality both directly and indirectly, by starvation (destroying the organisms they feed on), affects hatching, growth rate, can lead to malformations, affects reproduction rate, modifies enzyme activity, and cause histopathological changes in organs, genetic effects, etc. Although under experimental conditions fish can survive pesticides in different concentrations, under natural conditions they are more vulnerable to disease, predators, no longer competitive, and no longer dealing with stress caused by changing seasonal temperature, reproduction season or temporary starvation.Amphibians are organisms that populate aquatic ecosystems, being involved in aquatic trophic chains both by eating food and being food for predators. Over the last 20 years, scientists have reported the global decline of amphibian populations. Therefore, in 1996, the International Union for Conservation of Nature registered 156 species of amphibians in the Red List, and recent data show that 1856 species (about 32.5% of all amphibian species) are currently registered. Influence of pesticides on spore germination and gametophyte differentiation in ferns 2.1 Gametophyte of fernsFerns and lycophytes (pteridophytes) represent 4% of Terra's vascular plants [1], numbering about 11,000 species in 40 families and 300 genres [2]. Different species of pteridophytes are used as medicinal, food, horticultural, and agricultural plants [1] and in the last decade as organisms in acute [3] and chronic phytotoxicity tests [4].The life cycle of pteridophytes is characterized b...

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Section: Influence Of Pesticides On Histological and Biochemical Parasupporting

confidence: 80%

The Morphophysiological, Histological, and Biochemical Response of Some Nontarget Organisms to the Stress Induced by the Pesticides in the Environment

Soare¹,

Păunescu²,

Maria³

2019

Pesticides - Use and Misuse and Their Impact in the Environment

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show abstract

“…Table summarizes chronic NOECs that were available for both amphibians and fish. A highly significant positive correlation was found between the amphibian and fish NOECs (Spearman's r s = 0.58 [95% confidence interval 0.51–1.00], p < 0.0001).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Acute and Chronic Sensitivity of Fish and Amphibians: A Critical Review of Data

Weltje¹,

Simpson

Gross

et al. 2013

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Abstract-The relative sensitivity of amphibians to chemicals in the environment, including plant protection product active substances, is the subject of ongoing scientific debate. The objective of this study was to compare systematically the relative sensitivity of amphibians and fish to chemicals. Acute and chronic toxicity data were obtained from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) ECOTOX database and were supplemented with data from the scientific and regulatory literature. The overall outcome is that fish and amphibian toxicity data are highly correlated and that fish are more sensitive (both acute and chronic) than amphibians. In terms of acute sensitivity, amphibians were between 10-and 100-fold more sensitive than fish for only four of 55 chemicals and more than 100-fold more sensitive for only two chemicals. However, a detailed inspection of these cases showed a similar acute sensitivity of fish and amphibians. Chronic toxicity data for fish were available for 52 chemicals. Amphibians were between 10-and 100-fold more sensitive than fish for only two substances (carbaryl and dexamethasone) and greater than 100-fold more sensitive for only a single chemical (sodium perchlorate). The comparison for carbaryl was subsequently determined to be unreliable and that for sodium perchlorate is a potential artifact of the exposure medium. Only a substance such as dexamethasone, which interferes with a specific aspect of amphibian metamorphosis, might not be detected using fish tests. However, several other compounds known to influence amphibian metamorphosis were included in the analysis, and these did not affect amphibians disproportionately. These analyses suggest that additional amphibian testing is not necessary during chemical risk assessment. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2013;32:984-994.

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“…Although herbicides helped the farmer community by increasing the crop yields, their use also resulted in a number of problems i.e. contamination of soil and water [4], [5], [6], [7], [8], negative effects on non-target organisms, such invertebrates [9], [10], [11], [12], fish [13], [14], amphibians [15] and microorganisms, including cyanobacteria [16], [17], [18], [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anilofos Tolerance and Its Mineralization by the Cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. Strain PUPCCC 64

et al. 2013

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This study deals with anilofos tolerance and its mineralization by the common rice field cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. strain PUPCCC 64. The organism tolerated anilofos up to 25 mg L−1. The herbicide caused inhibitory effects on photosynthetic pigments of the test organism in a dose-dependent manner. The organism exhibited 60, 89, 96, 85 and 79% decrease in chlorophyll a, carotenoids, phycocyanin, allophycocyanin and phycoerythrin, respectively, in 20 mg L−1 anilofos on day six. Activities of superoxide dismutase, catalase and peroxidase increased by 1.04 to 1.80 times over control cultures in presence of 20 mg L−1 anilofos. Glutathione content decreased by 26% while proline content was unaffected by 20 mg L−1 anilofos. The test organism showed intracellular uptake and metabolized the herbicide. Uptake of herbicide by test organism was fast during initial six hours followed by slow uptake until 120 hours. The organism exhibited maximum anilofos removal at 100 mg protein L−1, pH 8.0 and 30°C. Its growth in phosphate deficient basal medium in the presence of anilofos (2.5 mg L−1) indicated that herbicide was used by the strain PUPCCC 64 as a source of phosphate.

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Effects of Molinate on Survival and Development of Bombina orientalis (Boulenger) Embryos

Cited by 14 publications

References 17 publications

The Morphophysiological, Histological, and Biochemical Response of Some Nontarget Organisms to the Stress Induced by the Pesticides in the Environment

The Morphophysiological, Histological, and Biochemical Response of Some Nontarget Organisms to the Stress Induced by the Pesticides in the Environment

Comparative Acute and Chronic Sensitivity of Fish and Amphibians: A Critical Review of Data

Anilofos Tolerance and Its Mineralization by the Cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. Strain PUPCCC 64

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