Effects of Modern Eating Patterns on the Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System in Young Japanese Males

Kuwahara, Keisuke; Okita, Yoshimitsu; Kouda, Katsuyasu; Nakamura, Harunobu

doi:10.2114/jpa2.30.223

Cited by 18 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…These results are consistent with the present results of HR or autonomic activity. Reduction of stress has also been shown in previous reports in some experiments in rats or rhesus monkeys [56, 57] and men [37], but not in women. Interestingly, in the present study, anti-stress effects were shown in female subjects in the luteal phase.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

“…Therefore, the present results in the fasting state indicated that parasympathetic activity was dominant. In male subjects, 12-h fasting results in dominance of parasympathetic activity compared with food intake [37]. Conversely, little is known about the effects of short-term fasting such as 12-h fasting in women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fasting is one form of DR. The anti-stress effects of fasting were demonstrated in men, whereby short-term fasting (12 h) increased parasympathetic domain activity while meal intake activated sympathetic domain activity [37]. However, there is little evidence of the anti-stress effects of short-term fasting on menstrual cycles.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cardiovascular response to short-term fasting in menstrual phases in young women: an observational study

Okita

Kouda

Mase³

et al. 2015

BMC Women's Health

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BackgroundMenstrual cycle-related symptoms are an important health issue for many women, and some may affect cardiac autonomic regulation. In the present study, we evaluated the cardiovascular and physiological stress response to 12-h short-term fasting in the menstrual phases of healthy young women.MethodsWe performed a randomized crossover study. Subjects were seven female university students (age: 22.3 ± 1.0 years). The experiments comprised four sessions: meal intake in the follicular phase, meal intake in the luteal phase, fasting in the follicular phase, and fasting in the luteal phase. All subjects participated in a total of four experimental sessions during two successive phases (follicular and luteal phase in the same menstrual cycle, or luteal phase and follicular phase in the next menstrual cycle) according to a randomized crossover design. R-R intervals were continuously recorded before and after meals, and power spectral analysis of heart rate variability was performed. Other physiological data were obtained before and 20, 40, 60, and 80 min after meal intake or after the corresponding time point of meal intake (fasting in the follicular or luteal phase).ResultsHeart rate decreased during fasting in the follicular and luteal phases. High frequency power increased during fasting in the follicular and luteal phases. In addition, salivary cortisol concentrations decreased during fasting in the luteal phase.ConclusionsIn the present study, short-term fasting resulted in higher parasympathetic activity and lower cortisol levels in the luteal phase in these young women. These results indicate a possibility to produce an anti-stress effect in the luteal phase, which may reduce menstrual symptoms.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cardiovascular response to short-term fasting in menstrual phases in young women: an observational study

Okita

Kouda

Mase³

et al. 2015

BMC Women's Health

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“…Likewise, a number of investigators have shown a decrease in IBI subsequent to eating (Hayano et al 1990;Kelbaek et al 1989;Kuwahara et al 2010;Lipsitz et al 1993;Lu et al 1999;Uijtdehaage et al 1994). However, the pattern of results within HRV is mixed: no directional effects on LF or HF power (Dionne et al 2002); an equivocal increase in LF power but no change in HF power (Lipsitz et al 1993); an equivocal loss of HF power in fasting as compared to high energy/high fat and moderate energy/high carbohydrate meals (Kuwahara et al 2010); and a substantial reduction in respiratory sinus arrhythmia post meals in supine but not standing participants (Hayano et al 1990). Water consumption also significantly increases sympathetic outflow, as measured by muscle sympathetic nerve activity (Scott et al 2001), and urinary norepinephrine (Jordan et al 2000).…”

Section: Water Consumption With Foodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water consumption as a source of error in the measurement of heart rate variability

Heathers¹,

Quintana²,

Angus³

et al. 2018

Preprint

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Abstract.Heart rate variability (HRV) is a common measure of the autonomic modulation of the heart. To ensure accuracy, various external factors known to affect HRV such as medication use and concurrent illnesses are frequently controlled during measurement. While the influences of such confounds on accurate measurement of HRV are accepted, the influence of seemingly innocuous daily activities such as drinking and eating have received remarkably little attention. In fact, water consumption is known to provoke a powerful pressor stimulus that is buffered by changes in cardiovagal outflow yet it is sporadically controlled during experimentation. This paper examines the dose-dependent magnitude of the effect of water on HRV, the loss of HRV during a common attentional task after water consumption, and the typical scenario of water and mixed meal ingestion. Our findings show that water affects HRV in a dosedependent manner, and exaggerates attentionally-mediated HRV reduction. This effect is antagonised by simultaneous mixed meal consumption, which strongly increases cardiac sympathetic activity. Water consumption during or previous to HRV measurement should be carefully controlled, if possible.Considering the diverse nature of experimental protocols and populations, we suggest a hierarchy of methods to control for water consumption in HRV research.

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“…Previous studies have shown that dietary intake affect the cardiac autonomic nervous system (14). Therefore, dietary intake changes during the menstrual cycle may be associated with the factors that have led to inconclusive results regarding changes in autonomic nervous system function during the menstrual cycle.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Menstrual Cycle Phases on Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Activity: An Observational Study Considering Lifestyle (Diet, Physical Activity, and Sleep) among Female College Students

Tada

Yoshizaki

Tomata

et al. 2017

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, J Nutr Sci Vit

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Summary Studies examining the impact of menstrual cycle phases on the cardiac autonomic nervous system have produced inconsistent results. This study aimed to investigate this relationship, controlling for the confounding effects of diet, physical activity, and sleep, which can be affected by the menstrual cycle. Fifteen female college students with regular menses were enrolled. Data regarding 24-h heart rate variability (HRV), dietary intake, eating behavior, menstrual distress, and sleep and activity parameters were obtained during the follicular and luteal phases. Power spectral analysis of HRV was used to calculate low-frequency (0.04-0.15 Hz, LF), high-frequency (.0.15 Hz, HF), and total spectral power (TP). Cardiac sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system activity indicators were evaluated as LF/HF and HF/TP, respectively. Intake of protein and fat, as well as total sleep time and number of awakenings, were higher in the luteal phase than in the follicular phase (p,0.05). Tendencies for increased mean activity counts, emotional eating scores, and behavioral change scores in the Menstrual Distress Questionnaire were observed in the luteal phase (p,0.10). Although LF/HF was higher in the luteal phase (p50.036), the relationship was weakened after controlling for diet, physical activity, and sleep (p50.113). Our findings suggest that altering sympathetic nervous system activity during the menstrual cycle was not independent from major lifestyle factors (diet, physical activity, and sleep). Menstrual cycle phase and changes of these parameters should be considered when assessing the cardiac autonomic function among menstruating woman.

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Effects of Modern Eating Patterns on the Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System in Young Japanese Males

Cited by 18 publications

References 28 publications

Cardiovascular response to short-term fasting in menstrual phases in young women: an observational study

Cardiovascular response to short-term fasting in menstrual phases in young women: an observational study

Water consumption as a source of error in the measurement of heart rate variability

The Impact of Menstrual Cycle Phases on Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Activity: An Observational Study Considering Lifestyle (Diet, Physical Activity, and Sleep) among Female College Students

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