Effects of moderate intensity static magnetic fields on osteoclastic differentiation in mouse bone marrow cells

Abstract

Although we recently demonstrated that static magnetic fields (SMFs) of 3, 15, and 50 mT stimulate osteoblastic differentiation, the effects of SMFs on osteoclastogenesis are still poorly understood. This study focused on the suppressive effects of SMFs on receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL)-induced osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption. Direct SMFs inhibit RANKL-induced multinucleated osteoclast formation, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase activity, and bone resorption in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophage cells. The conditioned medium from osteoblasts treated with SMFs also resulted in the inhibition of osteoclast differentiation as well as resorption. The RANKL-induced expression of osteoclast-specific transcription factors, such as c-Fos and NFATc1, was remarkably downregulated by SMF at 15 mT. In addition, SMF inhibited RANKL-activated Akt, glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β), extracellular signal-regulated kinase, c-jun N-terminal protein kinase, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) formation. These findings indicate that SMF-mediated attenuation of RANKL-induced Akt, GSK3β, MAPK, and NF-κB pathways could contribute to the direct and indirect inhibition of osteoclast formation and bone resorption. Therefore, SMFs could be developed as a therapeutic agent against periprosthetic or peri-implant osteolysis. Additionally, these could be used against osteolytic diseases such as osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis. Bioelectromagnetics. 39:394-404, 2018. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Static Magnetic Field (2–4 T) Improves Bone Microstructure and Mechanical Properties by Coordinating Osteoblast/Osteoclast Differentiation in Mice

“…Much evidence from in vitro experiments, animal models, and clinical studies indicated that moderate SMFs have positive effects on bone metabolism [Yang et al, 2020; Zhang et al, 2014a]. Osteoblast differentiation can be promoted, and osteoclast differentiation can be inhibited by moderate SMF in vitro [Kim et al, 2017; Kim et al, 2018]. In animal models, moderate SMFs have been found to prevent and treat osteoporosis [Zhang et al, 2018a], promote fracture healing, repair bone defects [Aydin and Bezer, 2011; He et al, 2019], and mitigate osteoarthritis [Rogachefsky et al, 2004].…”

Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Negative Effect of 16 T High Static Magnetic Field on Osteoclastogenesis of RAW264.7 Cells

“…The research on the use of HiSMF technology in magnetotherapy in clinics has been increasing due to its useful effects in many diseases, including cancers, edema, inflammation, wounds healing, and bone disorders [7][8][9][10]26]. Due to its safety and noninvasiveness, magnetotherapy has been approved as an instructive novel strategy by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) [16]. Especially, HiSMF has been considered as a regulator in bone metabolism, such as bone formation and bone resorption [27].…”

“…Osteoclasts play an important role in mediating calcium metabolism and bone resorption. SMF could mediate inhibition of osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption by Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-κ B Ligand-(RANKL-) induced Akt, GSK3β, MAPK, and NF-κB pathways by Kim et al [16]. Our previous works have revealed the vital role of HiSMF on osteoclasts, such as suppressing human preosteoclasts FLG29.1 cells survival and differentiation [17] as well as inhibiting NF-κ-Β ligandinduced osteoclastogenesis via mediating the iron metabolism of RAW264.7 cells [4].…”

High‐voltage electrostatic field‐induced oxidative stress: Characterization of the physiological effects in Sitobion avenae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) across multiple generations

“…Previous studies demonstrated that electric or magnetic fields of moderate strength inflicted the maximum inhibitory effects on organism performance [Newland et al, ; Hori et al, ; Kim et al, ; Wang et al, ]. For instance, static magnetic field (SMF) exposure at moderate intensity 15 mT maximally affected rat cell differentiation in vitro [Kim et al, ], and SMF exposure at 1 T increased cellular ATP levels in the rat, whereas 9 T decreased cellular ATP levels [Wang et al, ]. It is possible that herbivores exhibit a threshold of avoidance above some applied electrode voltages [Newland et al, ].…”