Effects of moderate intensity endurance training vs. high intensity interval training on weight gain, cardiorespiratory capacity, and metabolic profile in postnatal overfed rats

Abstract

BackgroundObesity is associated with several comorbidities, such as cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus, and may have its origin in early life stages, such as in the lactation period, through metabolic programming. Physical activity aids in decreasing the chances of developing cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, even with small weight losses and, in children, can play an essential role in preventing weight gain and other health problems. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of moderate intensity endurance training and high intensity interval training (HIIT) protocols on obesity-related parameters and cardiorespiratory capacity in overfed Wistar rats throughout the breastfeeding period.MethodsTwo days after birth, forty male and female Wistar rats were clustered into two groups: Control Litter Group (CL; ten animals/litter) and Reduced Litter Group (RL; four animals/litter). At weaning, RL animals were distributed randomly into three experimental groups: sedentary, moderate intensity endurance training and HIIT, while CL animals were clustered into a sedentary group.ResultsRL male and female body weight, before weaning, was significantly higher when compared with CL animals. This difference was maintained between CLSed and RLSed groups after weaning during all assessed periods. Adiposity was significantly higher in RLSed males when compared to CLSed males, and alterations in glycaemic metabolism were also observed. Endurance and HIIT protocols were efficient in improving maximal cardiorespiratory capacity, as well as concerning the glycemic metabolism and central fat accumulation of males and females submitted to childhood overfeeding by the litter reduction method.ConclusionsBoth moderate endurance training and HIIT protocols included in early life were efficient in reverting or preventing certain metabolic alterations as a consequence of overfeeding during breastfeeding in male and female Wistar rats.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13098-018-0374-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Effects of High Intensity Interval vs. Endurance Training on Cardiac Parameters in Ischemia/Reperfusion of Male Rats: Focus on Oxidative Stress

“…High-volume endurance training (ET), characterized by repeated sessions of continuous moderate intensity exercise, usually involves walking or cycling for 30–60 min to reach 40–80% peak oxygen uptake (VO 2 max) (Fletcher et al, 2013 ). On the other hand, endurance training induces numerous physiological and biochemical adaptations that improve the oxidative capacity of skeletal muscles, modify the energy source used during effort episodes, and increase aerobic capacity (de Lade et al, 2018 ; Kelly et al, 2018 ). Furthermore, positive adaptations of this type of exercise on the cardiovascular system are also based on physiological remodeling with elevated O 2 consumption and improvement of cardiac contractile function (Rivas-Estany et al, 2013 ).…”

Optimal exercise intensity and volume to impact rats with Traditional Chinese Medicine phlegm-dampness constitution

“…Lade divided overfed rats into sedentary, moderate intensity endurance training and high intensity interval training(HIIT), the result showed that both moderate endurance training and HIIT protocols included were efficient in reverting or preventing certain metabolic alterations as a consequence of overfeeding rats. 15 Lin carried out aerobic exercise intervention at different frequencies in obese rats, but ensured the amount and intensity of exercise was same in each group. The results showed that there was no significant difference in reducing the weight and improving resting metabolic rate in each exercise group.…”

Moderate-Intensity Exercise Improves Mesenteric Arterial Function in Male UC Davis Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus (UCD-T2DM) Rats: A Shift in the Relative Importance of Endothelium-Derived Relaxing Factors (EDRF)

“…MIE is defined as the exercise intensity at which oxygen consumption reaches 50–65% of the maximum oxygen consumption (VO 2max ). The MIE protocol was selected based on prior published works [ 14 , 15 ]. Previous studies in rodents have used a treadmill speed ranging from 12–18 m/min with various inclinations for MIE [ 16 , 17 , 18 ].…”