Effects of moderate and chronic exercise on the nitrergic system and behavioral parameters in rats

Protective effect of exercise and sildenafil on acute stress and cognitive function

“…In our study, nitric oxide levels were elevated in exercised and chronic sildenafil-pretreated rats, which have expressed anxiety-like behavior in elevated plus maze task. Furthermore, it is known that chronic exercise training increases nitric oxide levels [66,67].…”

Effects of voluntary exercise on structure and function of cortical microvasculature

“…47,51,53,54,[92][93][94][95][96] Exercise upregulates NO production, which can influence the increase of BDNF production and improve cerebrovascular functionality. 25,35,39,97 Meanwhile chronic exercise regime has shown to decrease reactive oxidative species production and neuroinflammation, decreasing their negative effects on the above-mentioned growth factors and NO production. 7,27,36,96,98,99 Notwithstanding, the mechanisms underlying its many effects are not fully elucidated, hindering the rational design of exercisebased interventions.…”

Endurance training upregulates the nitric oxide/soluble guanylyl cyclase/cyclic guanosine 3′,5′-monophosphate pathway in the striatum, midbrain and cerebellum of male rats

“…Whereas expression of the latter is associated with (pro)inflammatory states, nNOS and eNOS are expressed constitutively (Zhou and Zhu, 2009;Villanueva and Giulivi, 2010). However, both eNOS and nNOS can be significantly upregulated by physical exercise/aerobic training (Endres et al, 2003;Pietrelli et al, 2011). Conversely, blockade of brain NO production increases exercise metabolic cost, decreases mechanical efficiency and running performance in rats, and counteracts exerciseinduced metabolic adjustments (Lacerda et al, 2006a(Lacerda et al, , 2006b.…”