Effects of Moderate Aerobic Exercise on Cognitive Abilities and Redox State Biomarkers in Older Adults

Abstract

We used a moderate aerobic exercise program for 24 weeks to measure the positive impact of physical activity on oxidative stress and inflammatory markers and its association with cognitive performance in healthy older adults. A total of 100 healthy subjects (65–95 Yrs) were randomly classified into two groups: control group (n = 50) and exercise group (n = 50). Cognitive functioning, physical activity score, MDA, 8-OHdG, TAC, and hs-CRP were assessed using LOTCA battery, prevalidated PA questionnaire, and immunoassay techniques. LOTCA 7-set scores of cognitive performance showed a significant correlation with physical activity status and the regulation of both oxidative stress free radicals and inflammatory markers in all older subjects following 24 weeks of moderate exercise. Physically active persons showed a higher cognitive performance along with reduction in the levels of MDA, 8-OHdG, and hs-CRP and increase in TAC activity compared with sedentary participants. Cognitive performance correlated positively with the increase in TAC activity and physical fitness scores and negatively with MDA, 8-OHdG, and hs-CRP, respectively. There was a significant improvement in motor praxis, vasomotor organization, thinking operations, and attention and concentration among older adults. In conclusion, moderate aerobic training for 24 weeks has a positive significant effect in improving cognitive functions via modulating redox and inflammatory status of older adults.

Markers and Biomarkers of Endothelium: When Something Is Rotten in the State

“…Westernised FPs (abundant in meat, sweets, fried foods, and refined grains) correlated with biomarkers of inflammation and atherogenesis [260]. Apart from food and in contrast to the abovementioned "antioxidants," moderate aerobic exercises positively affect both redox state biomarkers and cognitive abilities in older adults [261]. To consider another complicated problem, peripheral neuropathy is among the prevailing neurologic conditions encountered by physicians and toxicologists [192,262].…”

Arterial Stiffness Response to Regular Aerobic Training in Hypercholesterolemia Patients

“…It was consistent with other clinical interventions' findings. It was revealed that moderate aerobic training for 24 weeks has a positive significant effect in improving cognitive functions by modulating the redox and inflammatory status of older adults (65-95 years); in this study they used MDA, 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine and total antioxidant capacity as biomarkers of oxidative stress [1]. Similarly, Beltran Valls et al found that 12 weeks of low-frequency, moderate-intensity training reduced serum levels of myeloperoxidase, a marker of oxidative stress, in old community-dwelling people (70-75 years) [2].…”

Biohumoral Indicators Influenced by Physical Activity in the Elderly

“…Moreover, direct measurement of the levels of oxidative products has been carried out in some studies. Alghadir et al showed that, in a population of elderly undergoing a 24-week program of PA, there was a significant decrease in oxidative stress markers, including high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), malondialdehyde (MDA), and 8-hydroxyguanine (8-OHdG) when compared to subjects who did not exercise [19]. Similarly, a 12-week program of Nordic walking in elderly women showed a decrease in levels of MDA oxidation products (p = 0.01) [20].…”