Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance, body composition, and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss

Sevgi̇li̇, Hüseyi̇n; Emre, Yılmaz; Kanyılmaz, Mahir; Demirtaş, İbrahim; Hoşsu, Belgin

doi:10.3750/aip2006.36.1.07

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…This is likely, once again, a result of shi drum's poor lipid utilization capability and preference to use protein as energy source. Despite the existence of similar results to ours in the literature such as for European sea bass (Lemarié et al 1998), N retention of shi drum seems to be much lower than many species including trout (Sevgili et al 2006), common carp (Cyprinus carpio, Jahan et al 2003), sea bream, common dentex (Dentex dentex), and sea bass (Company et al 1999). Accordingly, the N losses were higher in fish when fed 16L and 19L and these values are much higher than those previously published for different species (Hall et al 1990;Jahan et al 2003;Sevgili et al 2006).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 78%

Effects of dietary lipid levels on growth, nutrient utilization, and nitrogen and carbon balances in shi drum (Umbrina cirrosa L.)

Akpιnar¹,

Sevgi̇li̇²,

Demir³

et al. 2011

Aquacult Int

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Shi drum (Umbrina cirrosa L.) is regarded as a promising new candidate for Mediterranean mariculture but specifically formulated feeds are not yet available due to knowledge gaps in its basic nutritional requirements. Therefore, this study was carried out to determine the effects of dietary lipid levels on growth and feed utilization in shi drum (72.6 g average weight). Four isonitrogenic diets differing in dietary lipid levels between 10 and 19% (named 10L, 13L, 16L, and 19L, respectively) were fed to triplicate groups of fish for 8 weeks. Growth was not affected by treatment whereas feed efficiency was significantly deteriorated in fish fed diets containing lipid higher than 13%. Whole body dry matter and lipid contents were significantly higher in fish fed 19L compared with fish fed the 10L, while whole body protein, ash, and total carbon (C) were statistically unaffected by the dietary treatment. A significant increase in feed, lipid, energy, nitrogen (N), and carbon (C) intake was recorded in fish fed 16L and 19L when compared with 10L. Carbon/nitrogen (C/N) ratio was significantly higher in fish fed 19L than 10L. Moreover, the N and C losses significantly increased in fish fed 19L compared with 10L and 13L. It was concluded that high dietary lipid did neither had any protein-sparing effect nor other positive result, and diets for shi drum are not recommended to contain more than 13% lipid.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 78%

Effects of dietary lipid levels on growth, nutrient utilization, and nitrogen and carbon balances in shi drum (Umbrina cirrosa L.)

Akpιnar¹,

Sevgi̇li̇²,

Demir³

et al. 2011

Aquacult Int

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“…Alternating feeding regimes of P deficient and P-sufficient diets may help meet this goal; the results of the present feeding trial clearly demonstrate that the growth performance of a P-deficient (P04) alternating with an optimal level of P diet (P06) comparable with a P-sufficient diet (P08) and P06 continuously. Earlier studies on trout (Sevgili et al 2006), carp and common carp Nandeesha et al 1994), tilapia (Patel and Yakupitiyage 2003) using mixed feeding schedules in which low-and high-protein-based diets were fed in an alternating fashion resulted in higher growth and this was considered as a possible way of reducing feed cost and nitrogen waste from aquaculture operation. It is interesting to note that after 56 days the visual growth depletion (not statistically) in fish fed continuously with P04 (P-deficient diet) was noticed, this is likely due to the fact that fish have tissue reserves P and until that period they could draw upon these reserves, as dietary P intake was insufficient.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The approach of alternating phosphorus deficient and sufficient diets has the potential to reduce P excretion without loss in production (Hardy et al 1993), however this approach has not been evaluated using practical ingredients. Fish on alternating protein feeding schedule (i.e., high-protein feed alternating with low-protein feed) exhibited growth performance, reduced significantly nitrogen loading and reduced feed cost in many studies (De Silva 1989;De Silva et al 1993;De Silva 2006;Sevgili et al 2006). This study was therefore aimed to test the validity of the alternate feeding regimes of P deficient diets and optimum P level in reducing P loading from rainbow trout.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of alternating feeding regimes with varying dietary phosphorus levels on growth, mineralization, phosphorus retention and loading of large rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Koko

Sarker

Proulx

et al. 2010

Aquat. Living Resour.

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-Excessive phosphorus (P) levels in freshwater aquaculture effluents are a major environmental problem in certain receiving water bodies. This study aimed to test an approach alternating that alternating feeding P deficient and P sufficient diets and measure P loading from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) culture. Three experimental practical diets consisting of P-deficient (0.4% P, P04), optimum level of P (0.6% P, P06) and P-sufficient as control diet (0.8% P, P08) were formulated. Six different feeding regimes of P-sufficient diet continuously (P08), P-deficient diet continuously (P04), optimum dietary level of P (P06) continuously, one week P-deficient/one week optimum level of P diet (P04/P06.1), 2 weeks P-deficient/2 weeks optimum level of P diet (P04/P06.2) and 4 weeks P-deficient/ 4 weeks optimum level of P diet (P04/P06.4) were tested. Fish were fed twice daily to apparent satiation level 16 weeks. Fish fed all alternating regimes showed growth rate (weight and length) comparable to those of continuous feeding with P08 and P06 diet. The feed conversion ratios (FCR) for all alternating regimes were comparable to that of the P08 and P06 continuous feeding regime. Neither the thermal unit growth coefficient (TGC) nor condition factor (K) significantly influenced by feeding regimes. Vertebrae P, ash and whole body ash content did not differ among regimes. Except fish fed continuous P04 diet, the ash and P content in opercula and whole body total P content were not significantly different among each other in a continuous feeding and alternating feeding schedule. Fish fed all alternating regimes showed significantly lower P consumption than those fed continuously fed with P08 and P06. Different feeding regimes had no effect P retention. Significantly higher P loading (solid and dissolved) was noted in fish fed continuously with P08 diet, in contrast P loading values were lower for all alternating feeding regimes. The study demonstrated that growth and tissue mineralization of fish maintained on alternating feeding regimes with P04 and P06 diet were comparable to those continuously fed with diet of P08. These results demonstrate that it is possible to reduce P intake by 34% and reduce P loading 52% by adopting alternating feeding regimes compared to P08 diet. This study provides evidence that alternating feeding of P deficient and optimum dietary levels using practical ingredients can be adopted as a means of reducing P loading from rainbow trout culture without compromising growth.

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“…This is because protein digestibility varies on a day‐to‐day basis in a certain rhythmic manner in Nile tilapia ( Orechromius niloticus ) (De Silva & Perera 1984). Application of mixed protein schedules to reduce feed cost and improve nutrient utilization has been demonstrated for Indian carp ( Labeo rohita ) (Nandeesha, Silva & Krishna 1993; Nandeesha, De Silva, Krishnamurthy & Dathatri 1994), common carp ( Cyprinus carpio ) under pond culture systems (Nandeesha, De Silva & Krishnamurthy 1995; Nandeesha, Gangadhara & Manissery 2002), Nile tilapia ( O. niloticus ) (Santiago & Laron 2002; Patel & Yakupitiyage 2003; Bolivar, Jimenez & Brown 2006), Channa striata (Hashim 1994), sutchi catfish, silver carp ( Hypopthalmichthys molitrix ) (Ali, Hossain & Mazid 2005) and trout ( Oncorhynchus Mykiss ) (Sevgili, Emre, Kanyilmaz, Diler & Hossu 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of mixed protein schedules combined with choline and betaine on the growth performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

et al. 2008

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Reducing feed cost has been a major issue in fish nutrition. Mixed protein schedules have been proposed as one of the methods successfully tested in many fish species to reduce feed cost. Meanwhile, the effect of dietary choline and betaine supplementation on fish performance was assessed. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of mixed protein schedules, combined with choline and betaine, on Nile tilapia performance. This experiment was conducted in a (4 × 3) factorial arrangement of treatments. Four mixed protein schedules were examined, in the presence of choline 0.3% and/or betaine 0.5%. The four mixed protein schedules were achieved by alternating diet (A; 31%CP) and diet (B; 24%CP) as follows: (6 days‐A), (5 days‐A/1 day‐B), (4 days‐A/2 days‐B) and (3 days‐A/3 days‐B). The results indicated that in the presence of betaine 0.5% and choline 0.3%, the optimal mixed protein schedule for tilapia was (3A/3B). Fish fed on the 4A/2B or 3A/3B schedules utilized protein more efficiently than fish fed on the (6A) schedule. Fish fed diets supplemented with betaine (b) only showed the highest energy retention. The lowest feed cost was recorded for fish fed on (3A/3B) in the presence of betaine 0.5% and choline 0.3% in fish diet.

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Effects of mixed feeding schedules on growth performance, body composition, and nitrogen- and phosphorus balance in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss

Cited by 8 publications

References 32 publications

Effects of dietary lipid levels on growth, nutrient utilization, and nitrogen and carbon balances in shi drum (Umbrina cirrosa L.)

Effects of dietary lipid levels on growth, nutrient utilization, and nitrogen and carbon balances in shi drum (Umbrina cirrosa L.)

Effects of alternating feeding regimes with varying dietary phosphorus levels on growth, mineralization, phosphorus retention and loading of large rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

Effect of mixed protein schedules combined with choline and betaine on the growth performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)

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