Effects of minor laboratory procedures, adrenalectomy, social defeat or acute alcohol on regional brain concentrations of corticosterone

Croft, Adam P.; O'Callaghan, Matthew J.; Shaw, Sidney; Connolly, Gerald; Jacquot, Catherine; Little, H.J.

doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2008.08.009

Cited by 58 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…As shown in the Results section, restraint produces a reliable increase of free corticosterone in PFC (Garrido et al 2012a). In contrast, we have observed that handling does not increase free corticosterone in PFC using microdialysis (unpublished results), which is in agreement with previous studies (Croft et al 2008). These findings do not support the possibility of a role of corticosterone in the effects of EC on dopamine responses, since EC reduces these responses to both restraint and handling.…”

Section: Acute Stress Dopamine and Acetylcholine In The Pfcsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Our results extend these findings to the free levels of corticosterone in the brain, where it acts to modulate the HPA axis activity and behavioral adaptation to stress (Bruce S 2000;Herman et al 2005;Sandi and PineloNava 2007). Moreover, measuring free levels of corticosterone in the brain is a relevant issue since several studies have shown that brain levels may not mirror plasma levels of corticosterone, either in basal or under stress conditions (Lengvári and Liposits 1977;Croft et al 2008;Droste et al 2009;Garrido et al 2012a). However, in the case of EC versus IC rats it seems that plasma and free corticosterone levels in the brain do run in parallel because the results of other studies on plasma corticosterone and those showed in the present study on free corticosterone in the brain suggest a lower stress-induced increase in EC animals.…”

Section: Acute Stress and Corticosterone In The Pfcmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among those brain areas is the prefrontal cortex (PFC), where corticosterone modulates the activity of the HPA axis (Jankord and Herman 2008) and also influences working and emotional memories (Lupien et al 2007;Roozendaal et al 2009b;Barsegyan et al 2010). Since several studies have shown that brain levels of corticosterone may not mirror plasma levels (Lengvári and Liposits 1977;Croft et al 2008;Droste et al 2009;Garrido et al 2012a), it is not known whether EC also reduces the increases of corticosterone in PFC during stress. Enriched animals also show enhanced levels of GRs in the hippocampus (Olsson et al 1994) but their levels have not been evaluated in the PFC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Animals reared in EC show a reduced response to acute handling (a mild stress challenge) of the dopaminergic but not the cholinergic systems in the PFC (Del . It is not known whether these differences are observed under more intense stress protocols, such as restraint, which produces a more reliable increase of brain free corticosterone compared to handling (Croft et al 2008;Garrido et al 2012a). Whether the effects of EC are dependent on the intensity of the stressor would be relevant to ascertain the role of dopamine and acetylcholine in the optimisation of cortical circuits that are necessary for copying behaviors (Robbins 2005;Segovia et al 2009;Mora et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differential effects of environmental enrichment and isolation housing on the hormonal and neurochemical responses to stress in the prefrontal cortex of the adult rat: relationship to working and emotional memories

et al. 2012

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The present study was designed to investigate the modulation of the stress responses by the environmental conditions and its putative neurobiological mechanisms. For that an integrative study on the effects of environmental enrichment and isolation housing on 1/ the corticosterone, dopamine and acetylcholine responses to acute restraint stress in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of the awake rat; 2/ the mRNA levels of glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) in the PFC; and 3/ the behavioral responses to stress, related to the PFC (habituation to a novel environment, spatial-working memory and inhibitory avoidance response) was performed. Male Wistar rats were maintained from 3 to 6 months of age in two different conditions: enriched (EC) or impoverished (IC). Animals were stereotaxically implanted with bilateral guide cannulae in the PFC to perform microdialysis experiments to evaluate the concentrations of corticosterone, dopamine and acetylcholine. EC animals showed lower increases of corticosterone and dopamine but not of acetylcholine than IC animals in the PFC in response to acute restraint stress (20min). In the PFC, GR mRNA levels showed a trend towards an enhancement in EC animals. EC reduced the days to learn the spatial working memory task (radial-water maze). Spatial working memory, however, was not different between groups in either basal or stress conditions. Inhibitory avoidance response was reduced in EC rats. The changes produced by EC in the neurochemical, neuroendocrine and behavioral parameters evaluated suggest that EC rats could show a better coping during an acute stress challenge.

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Section: Acute Stress Dopamine and Acetylcholine In The Pfcsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Acute Stress and Corticosterone In The Pfcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differential effects of environmental enrichment and isolation housing on the hormonal and neurochemical responses to stress in the prefrontal cortex of the adult rat: relationship to working and emotional memories

et al. 2012

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“…Blood collection is a very common procedure performed on laboratory animals and is well-known to induce stress [1,22]. Croft and co-workers reported that a stress response was evident five minutes after saline injections to the abdomen [6]. Therefore, we employed ether aspiration as anesthesia to minimize stress responses during the handling and injection of mice.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Animal Care Procedures on Plasma Corticosterone Levels in Group-Housed Mice during the Nocturnal Active Phase

et al. 2010

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C57BL/6 mice were housed five per cage on a 12:12 h light/dark cycle. All animal care, including bed cleaning, was carried out during the nonactive phase. After 2 weeks, mean plasma corticosterone levels, collected during the nonactive (ZT6) and active (ZT18) phases, were 66.0 and 270.9 ng/ml, respectively. The values at ZT18 gradually increased in the order of the mice used for blood collection, but not at ZT6. When animal care was carried out at ZT18, the increasing pattern of plasma corticosterone levels previously observed at ZT18 was less pronounced after 2 weeks of acclimatization, and was not observed after 4 weeks. Therefore, animal care should be carried out in the active phase for at least 4 weeks before experiments involving stress responses in the active phase.

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Steroid profiling of glucocorticoids in microdissected mouse brain across development

Hamden

Gray

Salehzadeh

et al. 2021

Developmental Neurobiology

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Corticosterone is produced by the adrenal glands and also produced locally by other organs, such as the brain. Local levels of corticosterone in specific brain regions during development are not known. Here, we microdissected brain tissue and developed a novel liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method (LC‐MS/MS) to measure a panel of seven steroids (including 11‐deoxycorticosterone (DOC), corticosterone, and 11‐dehydrocorticosterone (DHC) in the blood, hippocampus (HPC), cerebral cortex (CC), and hypothalamus (HYP) of mice at postnatal day (PND) 5, 21, and 90. In a second cohort of mice, we measured the expression of three genes that code for steroidogenic enzymes that regulate corticosterone levels (Cyp11b1, Hsd11b1, and Hsd11b2) in the HPC, CC, and HYP. There were region‐specific patterns of steroid levels across development, including higher corticosterone levels in the HPC and HYP than in the blood at PND5. In contrast, corticosterone levels were higher in the blood than in all brain regions at PND21 and PND90. Brain corticosterone levels were not positively correlated with blood corticosterone levels, and correlations across brain regions increased with age. Local corticosterone levels were best predicted by local DOC levels at PND5, but by local DHC levels at PND21 and PND90. Transcripts for the three enzymes were detectable in all samples (with highest expression of Hsd11b1) and showed region‐specific changes with age. These data demonstrate that individual brain regions fine‐tune local levels of corticosterone during early development and that coupling of glucocorticoid levels across regions increases with age.

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Effects of minor laboratory procedures, adrenalectomy, social defeat or acute alcohol on regional brain concentrations of corticosterone

Cited by 58 publications

References 40 publications

Differential effects of environmental enrichment and isolation housing on the hormonal and neurochemical responses to stress in the prefrontal cortex of the adult rat: relationship to working and emotional memories

Differential effects of environmental enrichment and isolation housing on the hormonal and neurochemical responses to stress in the prefrontal cortex of the adult rat: relationship to working and emotional memories

Effects of Animal Care Procedures on Plasma Corticosterone Levels in Group-Housed Mice during the Nocturnal Active Phase

Steroid profiling of glucocorticoids in microdissected mouse brain across development

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