Effects of micro- and subtle-expression reading skill training in medical students: A randomized trial

Yu, Eun Ho; Choi, Eun Jung; Lee, Sang Yeoup; Im, Sun Ju; Yune, Sojung; Baek, Sun‐Yong

doi:10.1016/j.pec.2016.04.013

Cited by 12 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…This hand search yielded 15 review articles with 7 additional articles for inclusion. Finally, authors agreed on a list of 24 articles ( 23 , 51 – 73 ), that had used 24 unique educational interventions either de novo , validated or adapted from previous publications and explicitly met inclusion criteria of our research. The summarized and comprehensive information about each article is presented in Table 1 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of Educational Interventions and Their Impact on Empathy and Compassion of Undergraduate Medical Students

Menezes

Guraya

2021

Front. Med.

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Introduction: A compassionate and patient-centered care leads to improved clinical outcomes. Promoting empathy and compassion of medical students is a forerunner of their well-being, emotional stability, and a patient-centered care. However, there is slender evidence about best educational interventions that can inculcate empathy and compassion skills. Our objective was to conduct a systematic review of research evaluating the associations between spectrum, effectiveness, frequency of teaching modalities and their outcomes on compassion and empathy to highlight best practices.Methods: We searched the Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and EBSCO Host on 22nd July 2020. We adapted our search strategy from a previously published systematic review on education for compassion and empathy. Selected studies were required to have used unique educational interventions for promoting empathy and compassion of medical students. The research questions were based on Participants (medical students), Intervention (empathy and/or compassion related teaching), Comparison, and Outcome.Results: We analyzed 24 articles from the initial yield of 2,861. Twenty-two were quantitative studies with a mean of 12.8 on MERSQI. Twelve were randomized controlled trials while 5 measured outcomes with single group pre- and post-tests. There was no association found between duration, frequency and complexity of an educational intervention and its effectiveness. Twenty used multimodality curricula, and of those 18 reported statistically significant positive improvement in empathy, while 3 of 4 single modality were effective. Only three studies looked for long-term effects of educational interventions. Fourteen studies evaluated Kirkpatrick's level one (self-reported knowledge), 2 level three (behavior), and 6 level four (patient outcomes). We identified six major educational constructs of teaching empathy and compassion; communication, mindfulness, early clinical exposure, technology-enhanced learning, comics and arts and culture.Discussion: Our review couldn't identify a standard teaching construct in place and highlighted that different teaching tools carry similar impact in promoting compassion and empathy and a sustainable program rather than a single training activity is essential.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of Educational Interventions and Their Impact on Empathy and Compassion of Undergraduate Medical Students

Menezes

Guraya

2021

Front. Med.

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“…There are studies that investigate what factors are associated with students’ sensitivity to the nonverbal expressions of standardized patients (SPs) [ 5 ] and whether communication education affects that sensitivity [ 6 ]. Previous research on students’ nonverbal behaviors is mainly dedicated to the effects of the students’ specific nonverbal expressions on the patient-physician relationship [ 7 , 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of communication training using standardized patients on nonverbal behaviors in medical students

Park¹,

Park²

2018

Korean J Med Educ

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PurposeNonverbal communication (NVC) is important in the patient-physician relationship, but the effect of NVC education is not well kown. In this study, we try to identify if students’ NVC abilities are improved through communication training.MethodsFirst-year medical students conducted medical interviews, which were performed with standardized patients (SPs) before and after communication skill education, and recorded in video. Fifty-one students were enrolled for this study. Two researchers used the NVC checklist, which consists of 12 nonverbal behaviors, to analyze and compare the students’ nonverbal expressions in the interviews recorded before and after the education.ResultsAfter the students participated in communication training, open body position and adequate facial expression were increased while unnecessary silence, un-purposive movements, and giggling were decreased. These results can be interpreted as positive effects of the education. However, hand gesture was increased as a negative effect of the education. The total NVC score of the 12 nonverbal behaviors in the NVC checklist improved significantly, rising from 8.56 to 10.03.ConclusionCommunication skill education using SPs can improve nonverbal behaviors of medical students, especially facial expression, un-purposive movement, body position, unnecessary silence, and giggle, but not hand gesture. Further research is needed on a variety of teaching methods to improve NVCs.

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“…Most curricula (20/24, 83.3%) used multiple educational modalities and 90% of studies turned out to be effective in achieving their primary outcomes (Table 4). A variety of teaching modalities were employed; didactics [19,25,27,28,30,32,36,37,39], small-group discussions [22-24, 27, 29, 32-34], re ection exercises [17,22,24,32,36] and simulations. [19,23,25,28,32,34,38] Likewise, virtual hangouts and technology-enhanced interventions [18,24,26,35] were also signi cantly effective.…”

Section: Quality Assurancementioning

confidence: 99%

A Systematic Review of Educational Interventions and Their Impact on Empathy and Compassion of Undergraduate Medical Students 

Menezes

Guraya

2021

Preprint

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BackgroundA compassionate and patient-centred care leads to improved clinical outcomes. Promoting empathy and compassion of medical students is a forerunner of their wellbeing, emotional stability, and a patient-centred care. However, there is slender evidence about best educational interventions that can inculcate empathy and compassion skills. Our objective was to conduct a systematic review of research evaluating the associations between spectrum, effectiveness, frequency of teaching modalities and their outcomes on compassion and empathy to highlight best practices. MethodsWe searched the Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and EBSCO Host. Selected studies were required to have used unique educational interventions for promoting empathy and compassion of medical students.ResultsWe analysed 24 articles from the initial yield of 2,861. Twenty-two were quantitative studies with a mean of 12.8 on MERSQI. Twelve were randomized controlled trials while 5 measured outcomes with single group pre- and post-tests. There was no association found between duration, frequency and complexity of an educational intervention and its effectiveness. Twenty used multimodality curricula, and of those 18 reported statistically significant positive improvement in empathy, while 3 of 4 single modality were effective. Only three studies looked for long-term effects of educational interventions. Fourteen studies evaluated Kirkpatrick’s level one (self-reported knowledge), 2 level three (behaviour), and 6 level four (patient outcomes). We identified six major educational constructs of teaching empathy and compassion; communication, mindfulness, early clinical exposure, technology-enhanced learning, comics and arts and culture. ConclusionOur review couldn’t identify a standard teaching construct in place and highlighted that different teaching tools carry similar impact in promoting compassion and empathy and a sustainable program rather than a single training activity is essential.

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Effects of micro- and subtle-expression reading skill training in medical students: A randomized trial

Cited by 12 publications

References 18 publications

A Systematic Review of Educational Interventions and Their Impact on Empathy and Compassion of Undergraduate Medical Students

A Systematic Review of Educational Interventions and Their Impact on Empathy and Compassion of Undergraduate Medical Students

The effect of communication training using standardized patients on nonverbal behaviors in medical students

A Systematic Review of Educational Interventions and Their Impact on Empathy and Compassion of Undergraduate Medical Students

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Effects of micro- and subtle-expression reading skill training in medical students: A randomized trial

Cited by 12 publications

References 18 publications

A Systematic Review of Educational Interventions and Their Impact on Empathy and Compassion of Undergraduate Medical Students

A Systematic Review of Educational Interventions and Their Impact on Empathy and Compassion of Undergraduate Medical Students

The effect of communication training using standardized patients on nonverbal behaviors in medical students

A Systematic Review of Educational Interventions and Their Impact on Empathy and Compassion of Undergraduate Medical Students&nbsp;

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A Systematic Review of Educational Interventions and Their Impact on Empathy and Compassion of Undergraduate Medical Students