Effects of methyl bromide on phosphorus metabolism in the adult housefly, <i>Musca domestica</i> L.

Winteringham, F. P. W.; Hellyer, G. C.; McKay, M. A.

doi:10.1042/bj0690640

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…After exposure to a biocide, organisms usually do not die instantaneously, but accumulate physiological damage from the toxin over time (Boczek et al 1975, Yokoyama et al 1988, Cheetham 1990). This causes ATP production rates to gradually decline below degradation rates, so ATP eventually becomes nondetectable (Winteringham et al 1958, Forney et al 1991. In our tests, as ATP approached the minimum level detectable by the assay, staining of the supernatant became fainter, more localized within the solution, and increasingly difÞcult to discern.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Development and Validation of a Quick Easily Used Biochemical Assay for Evaluating the Viability of Small Immobile Arthropods

et al. 2013

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Quickly, accurately, and easily assessing the efficacy of treatments to control sessile arthropods (e.g., scale insects) and stationary immature life stages (e.g., eggs and pupae) is problematic because it is difficult to tell whether treated organisms are alive or dead. Current approaches usually involve either maintaining organisms in the laboratory to observe them for development, gauging their response to physical stimulation, or assessing morphological characters such as turgidity and color. These can be slow, technically difficult, or subjective, and the validity of methods other than laboratory rearing has seldom been tested. Here, we describe development and validation of a quick easily used biochemical colorimetric assay for measuring the viability of arthropods that is sufficiently sensitive to test even very small organisms such as white fly eggs. The assay was adapted from a technique for staining the enzyme hexokinase to signal the presence of adenosine triphosphate in viable specimens by reducing a tetrazolium salt to formazan. Basic laboratory facilities and skills are required for production of the stain, but no specialist equipment, expertise, or facilities are needed for its use.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Development and Validation of a Quick Easily Used Biochemical Assay for Evaluating the Viability of Small Immobile Arthropods

et al. 2013

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“…Following Winteringham's suggestion that free amino acids present in high concentrations in the hemolymph and in the thoracic tissues of insects can function as energy reserves for flight [40], we tested whether several amino acids could serve as respiratory substrates for isolated ASE cell mitochondria. The average oxygen consumption in State 3 observed with glutamate was 10 nmol oxygen/min mg protein.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolic pathways inAnopheles stephensimitochondria

Giulivi

Ross-Inta

Horton

et al. 2008

Biochemical Journal

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No studies have been performed on mitochondria of malaria vector mosquitoes. This information would be valuable in understanding mosquito aging and detoxification of insecticides, two parameters that significantly impact malaria parasite transmission in endemic regions. Here, we report the analyses of respiration and oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria of cultured cells (ASE line) from Anopheles stephensi, a major vector of malaria in India, Southeast Asia and parts of the Middle East. ASE cell mitochondria shared many features in common with mammalian muscle mitochondria, despite the fact that these cells have a larval origin. However, two major differences with mammalian mitochondria were apparent. One, the glycerol-phosphate shuttle plays a major role in NADH oxidation in ASE cell mitochondria as it does in insect muscle mitochondria. In contrast, mammalian white muscle mitochondria depend primarily on lactate dehydrogenase, whereas red muscle mitochondria depend on the malate-oxaloacetate shuttle. Two, ASE mitochondria were able to oxidize Pro at a rate comparable with that of α-glycerophosphate. However, the Pro pathway appeared to differ from the currently accepted pathway, in that ketoglutarate could be catabolyzed completely by the Krebs cycle or via transamination depending on the ATP need.

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“…After the soluble phosphorus pool had been labelled in vivo, groups of 10 adult female insects were normally immobilized by exposing them to cyclopropane for about 2 min., and were then plunged into liquid nitrogen to await dissection and extraction. The labelled compounds were extracted with ethanolic formic acid from the separated heads and thoraces (minus wing and leg appendages) with the slightly modified conditions already described (Winteringham, Hellyer & McKay, 1958). The extracted compounds were separated by chromatography and assayed radiometrically (Winteringham et al 1955(Winteringham et al , 1958.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The labelled compounds were extracted with ethanolic formic acid from the separated heads and thoraces (minus wing and leg appendages) with the slightly modified conditions already described (Winteringham, Hellyer & McKay, 1958). The extracted compounds were separated by chromatography and assayed radiometrically (Winteringham et al 1955(Winteringham et al , 1958. Any special treatment of the insects before extraction is explained in the tabulated results below.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of methyl bromide on phosphorus metabolism in the adult housefly, Musca domestica L.

Cited by 16 publications

References 19 publications

Development and Validation of a Quick Easily Used Biochemical Assay for Evaluating the Viability of Small Immobile Arthropods

Development and Validation of a Quick Easily Used Biochemical Assay for Evaluating the Viability of Small Immobile Arthropods

Metabolic pathways inAnopheles stephensimitochondria

Phosphorylated compounds in the head and thoracic tissues of the adult housefly, Musca domestica L., during flight, rest, anoxia and starvation

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