Effects of methionine, cysteine and medium chain triglycerides on nutrient digestibility, absorption of amino acids along the intestinal tract and nutrient retention in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) under pair-feeding regime

Nordrum, Sigve; Krogdahl, Åshild; Røsjø, C.; Olli, Jan J.; Holm, Halvor

doi:10.1016/s0044-8486(99)00385-3

Cited by 86 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…The positive effects of MCT and cysteine observed in our previous study (Nordrum et al 2000) triggered the present investigation of dose–response relationships and metabolic effects of MCT and cysteine supplementation as reported herein. In our earlier study, a pair‐feeding regime was used.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…To secure optimal performance and high nutrient utilization a better understanding of interactions between diet composition and digestive processes is required. In previous work with Atlantic salmon positive effects of medium chain triglycerides (MCT) included at a level of 100 g kg −1 of diet on digestive processes and nutrient utilization were observed (Nordrum et al 2000; Røsjø et al 2000). MCT improved digestibility of most nutrients, and increased protein utilization apparently at the expense of energy in body fat stores.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of graded levels of medium chain triglycerides and cysteine on growth, digestive processes and nutrient utilization in sea water reared Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar, L.) underad libitumfeeding regime

Nordrum¹,

Olli²,

Røsjø³

et al. 2003

Aquaculture Nutrition

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Fifteen experimental diets with five levels of medium chain triglycerides (MCT) (0, 39, 78, 117 and 156 g kg−1) and three levels of cysteine supplementations (0.0, 2.5 and 5.0 g kg−1) were fed ad libitum to Atlantic salmon (mean weight at start 846 g) in sea water for 71 days. Nutrient digestibilities and protein retention improved significantly with increasing dietary MCT level following simple linear regression models. Positive effects were also observed on proteolytic enzyme activities in chyme of the pyloric region with peak value around 117 g kg−1 MCT. However, strong inverse relationships were observed between MCT level and feed intake, growth, body lipid and energy retention, and these effects accelerated with increasing MCT level. Also chyme dry matter decreased with increasing MCT level which also seemed to stimulate pancreatic and bile secretion. MCT did not significantly affect condition factor, dress out percentage, relative liver size or pH in gastrointestinal contents. The only significant effects of dietary cysteine supplementation were increased enzyme activities in chyme of the pyloric region with peak values for the intermediate cysteine level. The results elucidate the importance of diet composition for digestive functions, production efficiency and composition quality.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of graded levels of medium chain triglycerides and cysteine on growth, digestive processes and nutrient utilization in sea water reared Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar, L.) underad libitumfeeding regime

Nordrum¹,

Olli²,

Røsjø³

et al. 2003

Aquaculture Nutrition

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show abstract

“…¥ TG and blood pressure were significantly higher among people with quadriplegia whereas higher levels of HDL were detected among paraplegics. Table 3 The association between dietary amino acids intake and serum lipid profile and blood pressure after adjustment for confounders (age, gender, BMI, injury completeness, plegia type, dietary intake of total energy) 25 that cysteine increases digestibility of fat and starch. It can be concluded that the positive association between cysteine intake and TG is through increased digestibility of fat.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is the pattern of dietary amino acids intake associated with serum lipid profile and blood pressure among individuals with spinal cord injury?

Javidan

Sabour

Nazari

et al. 2015

The Journal of Spinal Cord Medicine

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Objective: The probable effect of dietary amino acids intake pattern on serum lipid profile and blood pressure (BP) have not yet been described among individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). Design: Cross-sectional. Setting: Tertiary rehabilitation center. Participants: People with SCI referred to Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center between 2011 and 2014. Outcome measures: Dietary intakes were assessed by recording consumed foods by 24-hour dietary recall interviews using Nutritionist IV 3.5.3 modified for Iranian foods. Partial correlation test with adjustment for age, weight, body mass index, total energy intake, total fat, cholesterol and carbohydrate intake, and injury-related variables was used. Results: Dietary intake of lysine was positively related to levels of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), triglyceride (TG), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) (P < 0.0001, 0.046, 0.002 and 0.009, respectively). There was a positive significant relationship between the intake of cysteine and levels of TG and SBP as well (P : 0.027 and 0.048, respectively). Higher intakes of threonine and leucine had a negative relationship with TG level (P : 0.001 and 0.026, respectively). Furthermore, tyrosine, threonine and leucine were inversely correlated to blood pressure. Total cholesterol level was only related to intake of threonine and leucine (P : 0.004 and 0.012, respectively). FPG was positively associated with intake of all amino acids except for cysteine, glutamic acid, threonine, leucine and histidine. Conclusion: In the present study, the pattern of relationships between dietary intake of amino acids and serum lipid profile and BP has been described among people with SCI.

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“…In fact, TAG containing FA having <12 carbons can even be absorbed directly, without hydrolysis (24). MCT replacing fish oil in the diets of adult Atlantic salmon improved lipid digestibility by 3% and increased pancreatic proteolytic activity of the chyme; lipolytic activity was also slightly enhanced, although not significantly (28). Saraux et al (34) noted that in rat lipase, activity was maximally stimulated by coconut oil, but not significantly differently from lard (99% C>12:0).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary TAG source and level affect performance and lipase expression in larval sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

Morais

Cahu

Zambonino-Infante

et al. 2004

Lipids

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The influence of dietary TAG source (fish oil, triolein, and coconut oil) and level (7.5 and 15% of the diet) on growth, lipase activity, and mRNA level was studied in sea bass larvae, from mouth opening until day 24 and from day 37 to 52. Fish oil and triolein induced better growth in both experiments, this being significant at a higher dietary level. Coconut oil significantly decreased growth at the higher level, possibly as the result of an excessive supply of medium-chain TAG. Growth was not related to lipase specific activity, suggesting a production in excess to dietary needs. Body lipid content was positively related to dietary lipid level and was affected by lipid quality. In addition, larval FA composition generally reflected that of the diet. The source of dietary lipid, but not the quantity, was shown to affect lipase activity significantly. Coconut oil diets induced the highest lipase activity, whereas the effect of fish oil was age dependent-it was similar to coconut oil at day 24 but induced the lowest lipase activity in 52-d-old larvae. The differential lipase response was probably caused by differences in the FA composition of the diet, related to the specificity of lipase toward FA differing in chain length and degree of saturation. No significant differences were found in lipase/glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase mRNA, which suggests the existence of a posttranscriptional regulation mechanism.

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Effects of methionine, cysteine and medium chain triglycerides on nutrient digestibility, absorption of amino acids along the intestinal tract and nutrient retention in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) under pair-feeding regime

Cited by 86 publications

References 38 publications

Effects of graded levels of medium chain triglycerides and cysteine on growth, digestive processes and nutrient utilization in sea water reared Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar, L.) underad libitumfeeding regime

Effects of graded levels of medium chain triglycerides and cysteine on growth, digestive processes and nutrient utilization in sea water reared Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar, L.) underad libitumfeeding regime

Is the pattern of dietary amino acids intake associated with serum lipid profile and blood pressure among individuals with spinal cord injury?

Dietary TAG source and level affect performance and lipase expression in larval sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

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