Effects of metal salts on the oral production of volatile sulfur‐containing compounds (VSC)

Young, Allan; Jonski, Grazyna; Rölla, Gunnar; Wåler, Sonni Mette

doi:10.1034/j.1600-051x.2001.280809.x

Cited by 74 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Nonetheless, cupric chloride is the most effective metal solution for inhibiting hydrogen sulfide production at 1, 2 and 3 h after rinsing. 60 Zinc is the metal ion of choice with this purpose because of its low toxicity and its other favorable properties, such as not causing dental staining. It is known that zinc ions possessing anti-VSC effects have affinity for sulfur, forming sulfides with low solubility.…”

Section: Zincmentioning

confidence: 99%

Halitosis: a review of associated factors and therapeutic approach

Barbosa²,

2008

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Halitosis or bad breath is an oral health condition characterized by unpleasant odors emanating consistently from the oral cavity. The origin of halitosis may be related both to systemic and oral conditions, but a large percentage of cases, about 85%, are generally related to an oral cause. Causes include certain foods, poor oral health care, improper cleaning of dentures, dry mouth, tobacco products and medical conditions. Oral causes are related to deep carious lesions, periodontal disease, oral infections, peri-implant disease, pericoronitis, mucosal ulcerations, impacted food or debris and, mainly, tongue coating. Thus, the aim of the present review was to describe the etiological factors, prevalence data and the therapeutic mechanical and chemical approaches related to halitosis. In general, halitosis most often results from the microbial degradation of oral organic substrates including volatile sulfur compounds (VSC). So far, there are few studies evaluating the prevalence of oral malodor in the world population. These studies reported rates ranging from 22% to more than 50%. The mechanical and chemical treatment of halitosis has been addressed by several studies in the past four decades. Many authors agree that the solution of halitosis problems must include the reduction of the intraoral bacterial load and/or the conversion of VSC to nonvolatile substrates. This could be achieved by therapy procedures that reduce the amount of microorganisms and substrates, especially on the tongue.

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Section: Zincmentioning

confidence: 99%

Halitosis: a review of associated factors and therapeutic approach

Barbosa²,

2008

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“…When methyl mercaptan is produced by the degradation of methionine, dimethyl sulfide is produced from methyl mercaptan. The process of protein degradation by proteolytic enzymes of bacterial origin could be inhibited by zinc ions which has been shown previously 10,11) . As well as zinc ion, effect and ease of mouth rinse are useful, enough time is considered in the treatment of oral hygiene 5) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Although VSC is one of the important elements essential for biological function, its intake must be maintained properly because an excess may also cause a disease. In a study with a purpose of suppressing halitosis, zinc chloride concentrations of 0.5% 8) , 0.2% 9) , 0.1% 10) have been reported so far. There is no report such as hypersensitivity as to its side effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Inhibitory Effect of Bismuth Oxychloride in Halithosis Caused by Volatile Sulfur Compounds

Wang

Obana²

2012

J. Hard Tissue Biology.

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Because of the awareness of people to good hygiene in recent years, there are now many people who are more concern about halitosis or commonly known as 'bad breath'. Therapeutic or prophylactic agents for the suppression of halitosis have increased. Zinc chloride has been recognized to affect volatile sulfur oxide which is the main substance that has been traditionally known to cause halitosis. In this study, we compared the inhibitory effect of bismuth oxychloride and zinc chloride in vitro on hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan sulfur which are volatile substances. As a result, both bismuth oxychloride and zinc oxide have the same inhibitory effect on hydrogen sulfide. On the other hand, bismuth oxychloride's inhibitory effect on methyl mercaptan is significantly higher than zinc chloride.

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“…The inhibitory effect of zinc chloride on halitosis has been identified in many basic clinical studies [4][5][6] . Recently, we reported that bismuth oxychloride, which is widely used as a synthetic pearl essence in cosmetics, is an effective VSC inhibitor 7) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory Effects of Zinc Chloride and Citric Acid on Release of Volatile Sulfur Compounds

Makita

Obana²,

Fujiwara

et al. 2013

J. Hard Tissue Biology.

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Research into halitosis (commonly referred to as "bad breath") has been increased recent years. Public awareness of halitosis has also increased, as a result of improved attention to hygiene, and the number of dental patients being treated for halitosis is increasing globally. Halitosis is known to be caused by volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs), formed by decomposition of sulfur-containing amino acids, and these can lead to infection of periodontal tissue. Previous studies have shown that zinc chloride and citric acid effectively suppress VSC release. In this study, we compared the VSC-inhibiting effects of zinc chloride alone, and of a zinc chloride/citric acid combination, in artificial saliva and in distilled water, each containing hydrogen sulfide. Our results showed that the inhibition of VSC release from distilled water achieved using citric acid/zinc chloride (18%) was less than that obtained using zinc chloride alone (27%). However, 100% inhibition was achieved in artificial saliva using the combined solutions, compared with 18% using zinc chloride alone. We believe that at the pH of the artificial saliva, some hydrogen sulfide is present as bisulfide ions, which readily react with zinc ions. Also, zinc ions form a chelate with citric acid, preventing formation of insoluble, unreactive zinc hydroxide. Our results suggest that a zinc chloride/citric acid combination would be an effective treatment for halitosis.

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Effects of metal salts on the oral production of volatile sulfur‐containing compounds (VSC)

Abstract: Apart from Hg2+ and Cu2+, the metals had a significantly greater effect on H2S than on CH3SH. Cu2+ and Hg2+ have well-known antibacterial activity and may presumably also operate by this mechanism.

Cited by 74 publications

References 13 publications

Halitosis: a review of associated factors and therapeutic approach

Halitosis: a review of associated factors and therapeutic approach

The Inhibitory Effect of Bismuth Oxychloride in Halithosis Caused by Volatile Sulfur Compounds

Inhibitory Effects of Zinc Chloride and Citric Acid on Release of Volatile Sulfur Compounds

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