Effects of metabolic syndrome on bone health in older adults: the Bushehr Elderly Health (BEH) program

Abstract

Based on the clinical, BMD, and TBS data of 2380 participants aged ≥ 60 which was gathered during the BEH program, stage II, we showed that MetS was positively associated with BMD, while a negative or no association was observed between MetS and TBS depending on the sex and the adjustment model. Introduction The results of previous reports in regard to the effect of metabolic syndrome (MetS) on bone health are not conclusive. This study aimed to evaluate the association between MetS with bone mineral density (BMD) and trabecular bone score (TBS) as an indicator of bone quantity and quality, respectively. Methods Using a cross-sectional design, this study was carried out based on the data collected during the BEH Program, stage II. MetS was defined according to NCEP-ATP III criteria. BMD (at the lumbar spine and the hip) and lumbar spine TBS were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry device. Results The data of 2380 participants (women = 1228, men = 1152) aged ≥ 60 were analyzed. In the fully adjusted regression models (including BMI), significant associations between MetS and mean BMD were observed across all locations in men (P values ≤ 0.001) and in the lumbar spine in women (P value = 0.003). In addition, the prevalence of osteoporosis (based on BMD) was significantly lower in those with MetS than those without MetS in both sexes, even after full adjustments (women, OR = 0.707, P value = 0.013; men, OR = 0.563, P value = 0.001). In contrast, in age-adjusted regression analyses, the prevalence of degraded bone microarchitecture (TBS ≤ 1.2) was significantly increased in those with MetS than those without, irrespective of the participants' sex (P values < 0.05). The mean TBS was also negatively associated with MetS in women (β = − 0.075, P value = 0.007) but not in men (β = − 0.052, P value = 0.077), in age-adjusted regression models. However, after including BMI in the adjusted models, all significant associations between TBS values and MetS disappeared. Conclusion It seems that a positive association exists between MetS and BMD, while MetS is either not associated or negatively correlated with bone quality as measured by TBS.

Clinical Relevance of the Relationship between Trabecular Bone Score and Metabolic Syndrome

“…The authors revealed that waist circumference had a more pronounced effect on TBS than BMI, and that there was an association between higher fasting glucose levels and TBS. However, a recent study by Bagherzadeh et al 23 demonstrated that TBS was not significantly associated with MetS in either sex. Despite the inconsistency in the results, both studies reported a negative impact of waist circumference on TBS.…”

“…In this study, serum triglyceride levels were negatively associated with TBS. Three previous studies have examined the relationship between serum triglyceride levels and TBS; however, the results were inconsistent 20 23 30. Bagherzadeh et al 23 indicated that there was no association between serum triglyceride levels and degradation of the TBS (lumbar TBS ≤1.2).…”

Mechanical force promotes dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase 1-mediated hydrolysis of the metabolite asymmetric dimethylarginine to enhance bone formation

“…In particular, a novel loss-of-function Ddah1 promoter polymorphism was associated with increased susceptibility to cardiovascular diseases and thrombosis stroke 12 . Thus, these SNPs of Ddah1 were likely associated with metabolic syndrome (MS), which was regarded as an increased risk factor of low bone mineral density 14 . However, whether the loss-of-function of Ddah1 promoter polymorphism being contributed to bone mineral density was not clear.…”

“…A loss-of-function Ddah1 promoter polymorphism is associated with increased susceptibility to cardiovascular diseases and thrombosis stroke 12 . Thus, these SNPs of Ddah1 are likely associated with metabolic syndrome including metabolic bone diseases 13 , 14 . Therefore, our initial aim was to investigate if the loss-of-function Ddah1 promoter polymorphism is associated with osteoporosis.…”

Trend of nutrition research in endocrine disorders, gaps, and future plans: a collection of experiences of an endocrinology research institute

“…Many research projects affiliated to EMRI did not consider nutrition assessments as their main aims; therefore sometimes tools and questionnaires dedicated to this part of projects were not ideal and did not cover the main dimensions of nutrition assessments. Several national research projects have been designed and run by EMRI in collaborations with other institutes including STEPS [50], IMOS [51], Heavy Metal (unpublished protocol), BEHVARZ [52], CASPIAN [53], and Bushehr elderly health program [54] in which nutritional assessments has been considered and some topics on nutritional factors extracted from the aforementioned studies have been published [55][56][57][58][59], but nutrition assessments were only their secondary outcomes. It is suggested that considering specific nutrition aims in such national surveys to draw nutrition status of our society for different age groups and genders, to clarify nutrient deficiencies and other requirements.…”