Effects of Menthol Supplementation in Feedlot Cattle Diets on the Fecal Prevalence of Antimicrobial-Resistant Escherichia coli

Aperce, C. C.; Amachawadi, Raghavendra G.; Bibber-Krueger, C. L. Van; Nagaraja, T. G.; Scott, H. M.; Vinasco-Torre, J.; Drouillard, James S.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0168983

Cited by 18 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…The use and misuse of antibiotics has led to the emergence of antibiotic resistance in human and animal pathogens, which is recognized as a serious and global concern because resistance in common bacteria has reached alarming levels in all parts of the world [ 2 ]. The continued evolution of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in hospitals is a growing concern because of its potential to endanger the future of antimicrobial drug therapy [ 3 ]. Even the new generation of antibiotics is becoming virtually ineffective, and it is predicted that AMR will cause more deaths than cancer-associated diseases by the middle of the century [ 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Multiple antimicrobial resistance determinants have been found in E. coli on the same plasmid, further facilitating their propagation and co-selection. For instance, the multidrug resistance plasmid IncA/C found in E. coli , often encodes for resistance to common antimicrobial agents such as tetracycline, chloramphenicol/florfenicol, streptomycin/spectinomycin, sulfonamides, and extended spectrum β-lactamases, and its spread to pathogenic bacteria may limit antibacterial means to fight infections caused by these bacteria [ 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity and Cytotoxicity of Different Components of Natural Origin Present in Essential Oils

et al. 2018

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Even though essential oils (EOs) have been used for therapeutic purposes, there is now a renewed interest in the antimicrobial properties of phytochemicals and EOs in particular. Their demonstrated low levels of induction of antimicrobial resistance make them interesting for bactericidal applications, though their complex composition makes it necessary to focus on the study of their main components to identify the most effective ones. Herein, the evaluation of the antimicrobial action of different molecules present in EOs against planktonic and biofilm-forming Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) bacteria was assessed. The bactericidal mechanisms of the different molecules, as well as their cytocompatibility, were also studied. Carvacrol, cinnamaldehyde, and thymol exhibit the highest in vitro antimicrobial activities against E. coli and S. aureus, with membrane disruption the bactericidal mechanism identified. The addition of those compounds (≥0.5 mg/mL) hampers S. aureus biofilm formation and partially eliminates preformed biofilms. The subcytotoxic values of the tested EO molecules (0.015–0.090 mg/mL) are lower than the minimum inhibitory and bactericidal concentrations obtained for bacteria (0.2–0.5 mg/mL) but are higher than that obtained for chlorhexidine (0.004 mg/mL), indicating the reduced cytotoxicity of EOs. Therefore, carvacrol, cinnamaldehyde, and thymol are molecules contained in EOs that could be used against E. coli– and S. aureus–mediated infections without a potential induction of bactericidal resistance and with lower cell toxicity than the conventional widely used chlorhexidine.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity and Cytotoxicity of Different Components of Natural Origin Present in Essential Oils

et al. 2018

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“…The use and misuse of antibiotics has led to the emergence of antibiotic resistance to human and animal pathogens, which is recognized as a serious and global concern because resistance to common bacteria has reached alarming levels in all parts of the world (2). The continued evolution of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in the hospital is a growing concern because of its potential to endanger the future of antimicrobial drug (3). Even the new generation of antibiotics is becoming virtually ineffective and it is predicted that AMR will cause more deceases than cancer-associated diseases by the middle of the century(4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity of different components of natural origin present in essential oils

García-Salinas¹,

Elizondo²,

Arruebo

et al. 2018

Preprint

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23The antimicrobial action of different components present in essential oils including carvacrol, 24 cinnamaldehyde, thymol, squalene, rosmarinic acid, tyrosol, eugenol and -Caryophyllene 25 against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria is here reported. Planktonic bacteria as well 26 as a model of biofilm forming bacteria were challenged against those components being 27 carvacrol, cinnamaldehyde and thymol the components with the highest antimicrobial action 28 in both different settings. The potential synergy of some of those components against 29 pathogenic bacteria was also analyzed. The antimicrobial mechanism of the different 30 components was analyzed by means of flow cytometry and by electronic and confocal 31 microscopy. Finally, subcytotoxic doses against mammalian cell lines are here reported to 32 highlight the reduced cytotoxicity of those components against eukaryotic cells. Carvacrol, 33 cinnamaldehyde and thymol showed the highest antimicrobial action of all the natural origin 34 compounds tested and lower cytotoxicity against eukaryotic cells than conventional antiseptics 35 such as chlorhexidine. The high inhibition in biofilm forming activity of those components 36 highlight also their demonstrate benefits in reducing pathogenic microorganisms. 37 38 Importance 39The use and misuse of antibiotics has led to the emergence of antibiotic resistance to human 40 and animal pathogens. Compounds from natural sources such as animals, plants, and 41 microorganisms have been proposed as renewed potential antimicrobial alternatives. The 42 comparative antimicrobial action of different components commonly present in essential oils 43 including carvacrol, cinnamaldehyde, thymol, squalene, rosmarinic acid, tyrosol, eugenol and 44 -Caryophyllene against S. aureus and E. coli is here reported. Carvacrol, cinnamaldehyde and 45 thymol are the components with the highest antimicrobial action. Bacteria membrane 46 disruption represents the bactericidal mechanism attributable to these compounds. In 47 3 addition, the presence of carvacrol, cinnamaldehyde and thymol hinders S. aureus biofilm 48 formation and partially eliminates preformed biofilms. Those components are less toxic to 49 human cells than chlorhexidine. 50 51 52

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“…Recent publications highlight the importance to evaluate positive and negative impacts of various alternatives to antibiotics on the antimicrobial resistance in animal production [18][19][20]. Assessment of antibiotic resistance in various environments has long relied on culture-based approaches focusing on specific cultivable species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of oxytetracycline as well as an acid-based feed supplement on the prevalence and abundance of selected antibiotic resistance genes in weaned piglets

Wegl¹,

Rolinec²,

Nagl³

et al. 2017

Anim Husb Dairy Vet Sci

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The development of antibiotic resistance in livestock species is discussed as major threat to modern medicine. One potential strategy to battle resistance in animal production might be the application of feed additives with antimicrobial properties, such as organic acids. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of an acidbased feed additive on antimicrobial resistance traits of faecal microbiota in weaning piglets and to compare the results to antibiotic intervention with oxytetracycline. Therefore, 24 pigs were allocated to three treatment groups, fed a basal diet and a basal diet supplemented with either the antibiotic or the feed additive. Quantitative PCR was used to monitor the prevalence and quantity of frequently associated genes encoding resistance to tetracycline, streptomycin, and sulfonamide. The number of positive tested samples for tetB and sul1 decreased over time, with differences due to treatment. For all analysed genes, a decrease in log 10 mean antibiotic resistance gene copy numbers was observed in all groups on day 10 of the experiment. The mean tetA and tetB gene levels were significantly higher in the oxytetracycline group than in the other groups indicating selection for these antibiotic resistance genes. No effects of the applied feed additive on the quantity of selected antibiotic resistance genes in faeces were detected. In contrast, antibiotic treatment clearly effected antibiotic resistance gene level and prevalence. Results implicate that, in the long run, novel feed additives have the potential to minimise the role of livestock as a reservoir for antimicrobial resistance.

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Effects of Menthol Supplementation in Feedlot Cattle Diets on the Fecal Prevalence of Antimicrobial-Resistant Escherichia coli

Cited by 18 publications

References 35 publications

Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity and Cytotoxicity of Different Components of Natural Origin Present in Essential Oils

Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity and Cytotoxicity of Different Components of Natural Origin Present in Essential Oils

Evaluation of the antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity of different components of natural origin present in essential oils

Effect of oxytetracycline as well as an acid-based feed supplement on the prevalence and abundance of selected antibiotic resistance genes in weaned piglets

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