Effects of mefloquine alone and with alcohol on psychomotor and driving performance

Vuurman, E.F.P.M.; Muntjewerff, N.; Uiterwijk, M. M. C.; Veggel, L. M. A. Van; Crevoisier, C; Haglund, Lisbet; Kinzig, Martina; O’Hanlon, James F.

doi:10.1007/s002280050144

Cited by 48 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…It has also proven sensitive to many sedating agents including alcohol in blood concentrations as low as 0 . 035 g/dl (Ramaekers et al, 1992;Vuurman et al, 1996).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Residual effects of evening and middle-of-the-night administration of zaleplon 10 and 20 mg on memory and actual driving performance

Vermeeren¹,

Danjou²,

O’Hanlon³

1998

Hum. Psychopharmacol. Clin. Exp.

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Zaleplon, a new pyrazolopyrimidine hypnotic, possesses an unusually short elimination half-life (ca 1 h). This study was conducted to determine whether middle-of-the-night administration of zaleplon aects memory or driving performance the following morning. Twenty-eight healthy volunteers participated in a double-blind, 7-way, crossover study. They ingested capsules twice on each treatment night; once before initiating sleep and again after being brie¯y awakened 5 h later. Treatments were: placebo at both times, zaleplon 10 or 20 mg, or zopiclone 7 . 5 mg followed by placebo, or the same in reverse order. Subjects arose 3 h after the second dose. One hour later, sleep quality and mood were assessed by questionnaires and balance and memory in a test battery. A standardized actual driving test was undertaken between 5 and 6 h after the second dose. All drugs similarly improved sleep quality, but only zopiclone hindered awakening. Evening zaleplon doses were without signi®cant eects. Late-night zaleplon had minor eects in one memory test. Evening zopiclone shared these eects and also signi®cantly impaired driving performance. Late-night zopiclone's eects were signi®cant in every test. Its eects on driving were severe. The results suggest that zaleplon 10 mg certainly, and 20 mg probably, can be taken at bedtime or later in the night, up to 5 h before driving with little risk of serious impairment. #

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“…It has also proven sensitive to many sedating agents including alcohol in blood concentrations as low as 0 . 035 g/dl (Ramaekers et al, 1992;Vuurman et al, 1996).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Residual effects of evening and middle-of-the-night administration of zaleplon 10 and 20 mg on memory and actual driving performance

Vermeeren¹,

Danjou²,

O’Hanlon³

1998

Hum. Psychopharmacol. Clin. Exp.

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“…On-the-road studies have reported residual impairment as long as 8 to 16 hours after intake of 7.5 mg zopiclone 9,28 and impaired performance for BAC as low as 0.035%. 29 In our study, we had a mean BAC of 0.035% between 3.5 and 6.5 hours after intake. Blood zopiclone concentrations were not measured in those real-driving studies, but most likely, the blood zopiclone concentrations in those studies were lower than the concentrations we measured 6.5 hours after intake of 10 mg zopiclone (20 Kg/L).…”

Section: Kuitunen Et Almentioning

confidence: 98%

Psychomotor Performance After Intake of Zopiclone Compared With Intake of Ethanol

Gustavsen¹,

Hjelmeland²,

Bernard³

et al. 2011

Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology

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The sleep medicine zopiclone (eszopiclone) is commonly used in most Western countries. The focus on legislation for possible traffic-impairing nonalcohol drugs have caused a need for comparing traffic relevant behavior after intake of commonly used psychoactive drugs to blood alcohol concentrations (BACs). We aimed to compare psychomotor effects at 3 levels of behavior at different blood zopiclone concentrations to effects seen at different BACs. We performed a randomized double-blinded trial on 16 healthy volunteers who received either 10 or 5 mg zopiclone, 50 g ethanol or placebo in a crossover design. The volunteers performed computerized tests at baseline, 1, 3.5, and 6.5 hours after intake, accompanied by blood sampling. Impairment was found at all 3 behavior levels. For zopiclone, impairment was most pronounced at behavior level 1 (automotive behavior); a mean blood zopiclone concentration at 39 μg/L achieved 1 hour after intake of 10 mg zopiclone was accompanied by more impairment than BAC 0.074 %. At behavior levels 2 (control behavior) and 3 (executive planning), the psychomotor impairment accompanying approximately 39 μg/L zopiclone seemed comparable to a BAC of approximately 0.074%. No test components were impaired at 6.5 hours after intake.

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“…We identified 37 trials of mefloquine chemoprophylaxis carried out between 1970 and 1997, of which 10 met the inclusion criteria 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31. The 1 summarises the characteristics of these 10 trials, two of which are currently unpublished 24 28.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mefloquine to prevent malaria: a systematic review of trials

Croft

Garner

1997

BMJ

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Effects of mefloquine alone and with alcohol on psychomotor and driving performance

Abstract: Mefloquine did not impair driving performance but rather improved it in the longer test, suggesting that the drug may possess psychostimulating properties.

Cited by 48 publications

References 6 publications

Residual effects of evening and middle-of-the-night administration of zaleplon 10 and 20 mg on memory and actual driving performance

Residual effects of evening and middle-of-the-night administration of zaleplon 10 and 20 mg on memory and actual driving performance

Psychomotor Performance After Intake of Zopiclone Compared With Intake of Ethanol

Mefloquine to prevent malaria: a systematic review of trials

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