Effects of Mefenamic Acid in Pain Control during Loop Electrical Excision Procedure:A Prospective Double-Blind Randomized Control Trial

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of pre-procedural oral mefenamic acid compared with placebo in women undergoing Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure (LEEP) with intracervical lidocaine injection. Study designs: A prospective double-blinded randomized control trial. Materials, Setting, Methods: Women undergoing LEEP for any indications were asked to participate in the study. The participants were randomly allocated into two groups. In group 1 (oral mefenamic acid), the participants were offered oral mefenamic acid (500 mg) for 30 minutes before procedures. In group 2 (placebo), the patients were given oral placebo (identical tablet) for 30 minutes before operation. All participants received immediate 10 mL of 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 of epinephrine intracervical injection before undergoing the LEEP. All participants were excised in one piece of LEEP. No top-hat excision in this study. The patients graded their pain on a 10-cm visual analog scale (VAS) at different points during the procedure, including speculum insertion, at starting excision, and 30 minutes post excision. Primary outcomes revealed the difference of VAS during all steps of LEEP by generalized estimating equations procedure. Results: Sixty participants (30 in mefenamic group and 30 in placebo group) participated in this study. The study did not find differences of VAS during all steps of LEEP and analgesic drug requirement at 30 minutes after LEEP procedure. All patients reported no immediate complications and no intervention-related adverse events were observed. Conclusion: Using pre-procedural oral mefenamic acid before LEEP procedure was not associated with pain reduction during all steps of excision.

Prevalence of Orthopedic Pains in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

“…It is important to investigate the clinical and laboratory findings in individuals under 18 years because it allows for identifying disease risk factors and making appropriate interventions to improve the clinical symptoms (39,40,42). Additionally, in all age groups, pain causes numerous complications for patients (43)(44)(45). For this reason, the present meta-analysis aimed to investigate the prevalence of shoulder and knee pains in individuals under 18 years in Iran.…”