Effects of medication on neuroimaging findings in bipolar disorder: an updated review

Hafeman, Danella; Chang, Kiki; Garrett, Amy; Sanders, Erica; Phillips, Mary L.

doi:10.1111/j.1399-5618.2012.01023.x

Cited by 342 publications

(255 citation statements)

References 158 publications

(205 reference statements)

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“…However, it seems quite unlikely that the heterogeneous medications within each group would produce the common dimensional effects across groups. Past work has also suggested that medication effects in fMRI studies of mood disorders tend to normalize brain responses (Hafeman et al, 2012), and such effects would not explain the current pattern of results. Third, although the differences we observe between dimensional and categorical analyses suggest distinct and potentially inter-related state and trait abnormalities in reward system function, our cross-sectional sample limits interpretation.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 45%

Common and Dissociable Dysfunction of the Reward System in Bipolar and Unipolar Depression

Satterthwaite

Kable

Vandekar

et al. 2015

Neuropsychopharmacol

213

146

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Unipolar and bipolar depressive episodes have a similar clinical presentation that suggests common dysfunction of the brain's reward system. Here, we evaluated the relationship of both dimensional depression severity and diagnostic category to reward system function in both bipolar and unipolar depression. In total, 89 adults were included, including 27 with bipolar depression, 25 with unipolar depression, and 37 healthy comparison subjects. Subjects completed both a monetary reward task and a resting-state acquisition during 3T BOLD fMRI. Across disorders, depression severity was significantly associated with reduced activation for wins compared with losses in bilateral ventral striatum, anterior cingulate cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, and right anterior insula. Resting-state connectivity within this reward network was also diminished in proportion to depression severity, most notably connectivity strength in the left ventral striatum. In addition, there were categorical differences between patient groups: resting-state connectivity at multiple reward network nodes was higher in bipolar than in unipolar depression. Reduced reward system task activation and resting-state connectivity therefore appear to be a brain phenotype that is dimensionally related to depression severity in both bipolar and unipolar depression. In contrast, categorical differences in reward system resting connectivity between unipolar and bipolar depression may reflect differential risk of mania. Reward system dysfunction thus represents a common brain mechanism with relevance that spans categories of psychiatric diagnosis.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 45%

Common and Dissociable Dysfunction of the Reward System in Bipolar and Unipolar Depression

Satterthwaite

Kable

Vandekar

et al. 2015

Neuropsychopharmacol

213

146

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In addition, we could not control for potential effects of medication and its changes over the follow-up period. However, medication has been shown to diminish behavioral and neural differences between patient groups and controls (Hafeman et al, 2012), so that this confound is unlikely to explain our main findings. Further, and this is the major strength of our work, following such patients and obtaining adequate task performance in fMRI condition across several sessions and mood states is rather challenging, but the current study provides an important first attempt to do so.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Modulation of brain response to emotional conflict as a function of current mood in bipolar disorder: Preliminary findings from a follow-up state-based fMRI study

Rey¹,

Desseilles²,

Favre³

et al. 2014

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

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a b s t r a c tWe used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine affective control longitudinally in a group of patients with bipolar disorder (BD). Participants comprised 12 BD patients who underwent repeated fMRI scans in euthymic (n ¼ 11), depressed (n ¼9), or hypomanic (n ¼9) states, and were compared with 12 age-matched healthy controls. During fMRI, participants performed an emotional face-word interference task with either low or high attentional demands. Relative to healthy controls, patients showed decreased activation of the cognitive control network normally associated with conflict processing, more severely during hypomania than during depression, but regardless of level of task demand in both cases. During euthymia, a decreased response to conflict was observed only during the high load condition. Additionally, unlike healthy participants, patients exhibited deactivation in several key areas in response to emotion-conflict trials -including the rostral anterior cingulate cortex during euthymia, the hippocampus during depression, and the posterior cingulate cortex during hypomania. Our results indicate that the ability of BD patients to recruit control networks when processing affective conflict, and the abnormal suppression of activity in distinct components of the default mode network, may depend on their current clinical state and attentional demand.

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“…Another strength is that this study used an unmedicated sample to avoid potential medication confounds. A meta-analysis of studies in BP suggests that psychotropic medications may have normalizing effects on neuroimaging measures that may lead to type II errors, particularly in studies comparing subjects with BP and healthy controls (Hafeman et al, 2012). Future large-scale studies should seek to compare different BP subtypes (for example, type I vs. type II), as well as medication effects on the neural substrates involved in response inhibition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frontal lobe hypoactivation in medication-free adults with bipolar II depression during response inhibition

Penfold¹,

Vizueta²,

Townsend³

et al. 2015

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging

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Effects of medication on neuroimaging findings in bipolar disorder: an updated review

Cited by 342 publications

References 158 publications

Common and Dissociable Dysfunction of the Reward System in Bipolar and Unipolar Depression

Common and Dissociable Dysfunction of the Reward System in Bipolar and Unipolar Depression

Modulation of brain response to emotional conflict as a function of current mood in bipolar disorder: Preliminary findings from a follow-up state-based fMRI study

Frontal lobe hypoactivation in medication-free adults with bipolar II depression during response inhibition

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