Effects of medical staff’s turning movement on dispersion of airborne particles under large air supply diffuser during operative surgeries

Wong, Keng Yinn; Tan, Huiyi; Nyakuma, Bemgba Bevan; Kamar, Haslinda Mohamed; Tey, Wah Yen; Hashim, Haslenda; Chiong, Meng Choung; Wong, Syieluing; Wahab, Roswanira Abdul; Mong, Guo Ren; Ho, Wai Shin; Othman, Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan; Kuan, Garry

doi:10.1007/s11356-022-21579-y

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Humans were considered the source of heat flux in this study. An upright standing medical staff and a lying patient released the heat flux of 116 W/m 2 and 58 W/m 2 , respectively [10]. The patient had a lower heat flux due to the assumption of minimal or no physical activity was performed [41].…”

Section: Air Change Per Hour Achmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A CFD assessment on ventilation strategies in mitigating healthcare-associated infection in single patient ward

Kek

Tan

Sheng

et al. 2023

PROGEE

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A promising ventilation strategy is an effective measure to enhance indoor air quality and protect the patients against healthcare-acquired infection. The Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model represents a patient ward that was constructed using Computer-Aided Design (CAD) software. The simulated results were verified and validated based on the published data. A Renormalization Group (RNG) k-epsilon model based on the Eulerian approach was used to simulate the airflow turbulence, while a discrete phase model (DPM) based on the Lagrangian approach was used to predict the dispersion of airborne particles. This study examined four cases of ventilation strategies, with varying ventilation rates, positioning of supply air diffusers, and location of exhaust grilles. This study revealed that the installation of air curtain jet coupled with a ceiling-mounted air supply diffuser (case 3) above the patient-occupying zone has the highest wiping efficiency against the infectious particles. The utilization of ventilation strategy in case 3 managed to reduce the particle by approximately 3.3 times as compared to the baseline case. The study outcome also suggested that the exhaust grilles should be placed on the upper wall, to ensure a proper mixing of fresh air in the entire patient ward.

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Section: Air Change Per Hour Achmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several known factors could affect the fate of these pollutants including the ventilation layout, air change rate, source of pollutants, and human movement effects [9][10][11]. Satheesan, Mui and Wong [11] indicated that the location of the infected patient is critical in determining the range of infection risk to other ward occupants.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A CFD assessment on ventilation strategies in mitigating healthcare-associated infection in single patient ward

Kek

Tan

Sheng

et al. 2023

PROGEE

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“…Even the health team’s own movements influence the speed and concentration of particles close to the patient. 6 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring of surface cleaning and disinfection in a Brazilian pediatric unit

Bernardes

Santos

Angeloni

et al. 2023

Therapeutic Advances in Infection

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Background: Understanding the correlation between the methods of monitoring surface cleaning and disinfection (SCD) is fundamental for better infection control. Purpose: This study aims to correlate the SCD monitoring methods in a Brazilian pediatric unit. This is an exploratory, longitudinal, and correlational study. Methods: The study was conducted in a pediatric hospitalization unit of a medium-sized hospital from December 2020 to March 2021. Four high-contact surfaces were analyzed before and after the cleaning and disinfection process by means of visual inspection, quantification of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and colony-forming unit (CFU) count. The study consisted of three stages: stage I involving situational diagnosis of the SCD process; stage II referring to the implementation of the Surface Cleaning and Disinfection Standardization Program (SCDSP); and stage III involving long-term assessment after implementing the program. A total of 192 assessments were performed in each stage, totaling 576 in the three study stages. Conclusions: A significant correlation was found between the ATP quantification methods and microbial count in the bed railing ( p = 0.009) and companion’s armchair ( p = 0.018) surfaces. In both cases, Spearman’s correlation coefficients were positive, indicating a positive correlation between ATP and microbial count scores, that is, the higher the ATP values (in RLUs), the greater the microbial counts (in CFUs/cm2). The analysis of the ROC curves suggests that the surfaces presenting ATP below 108 RLUs can be considered approved. The ATP method yielded 78.6% sensitivity; in turn, microbial count presented a sensitivity of 85.7%. It is important to use different methods to monitor the cleaning and disinfection of surfaces, as each one has different sensitivity and specificity.

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“…In the context of sustaining indoor air quality and virus spread control, a closed space often equipped with air distribution system, that functions to supply fresh air into the space and vent out existing airborne contaminants. Existing literature from Wong et al, [9] analysed movement of airborne particulate matter in a hospital operation theater. In the study, the application of ventilation is categorized as downward ventilation, which is commonly the case for operation room.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Indoor Condition with Cross Ventilation on Deposition of Airborne Droplets Emitted from Human Cough

Sanada

Mat

2023

ARFMTS

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Prediction of airborne transmission in different environmental condition remains as the research challenge in the field. This has motivated the present study to obtain the direct impact of flow field to the physical nature of transmission. ANSYS Fluent 2022 R1 software is utilised in this research to numerically investigate and visualize flow pattern in a closed environment with cross ventilation and its effect to the emitted droplets deposition. The effect of different indoor parameters towards airborne transmission are investigated, which include wind velocity, air relative humidity (RH), and exposure time after emission. Simulation result revealed increasing wind velocity according to Beaufort wind scale of 1.0 to 3.9 m/s, increases transmission rate due to enhanced convection effect. Surrounding air with higher RH leads to a larger mean diameter of particles due to hygroscopic growth effect, while evaporation effect dominates in lower air RH, leading to particle shrinkage. In a light wind breeze, droplet mass of 5.15 mg deposited on receiver body within 0.5 s of transmission when RH is 40%, while only 3.29 mg droplets reached receiver in RH of 99.5%. Droplet particles settle on the floor within 1.50 s revealed 0.66 mg deposited mass in higher RH, while 0.26 mg of droplets deposited in lower RH. Deposition at transmitter body is possible due to recirculation effect of incoming wind generated between transmitter and receiver, leading to 3.7 times higher deposited mass in lower RH as compared to in higher RH. This research highlights application of Euler-Lagrange model to represent the trajectory of cough droplets influenced by indoor condition with horizontal wind, in the effort to strengthen safety and health judgement in the event of a pandemic.

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Effects of medical staff’s turning movement on dispersion of airborne particles under large air supply diffuser during operative surgeries

Cited by 21 publications

References 35 publications

A CFD assessment on ventilation strategies in mitigating healthcare-associated infection in single patient ward

A CFD assessment on ventilation strategies in mitigating healthcare-associated infection in single patient ward

Monitoring of surface cleaning and disinfection in a Brazilian pediatric unit

Effect of Indoor Condition with Cross Ventilation on Deposition of Airborne Droplets Emitted from Human Cough

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