Effects of medetomidine, a novel antifouling agent, on the burrowing bivalve Abra nitida (Müller)

Bellas, Juan; Hilvarsson, Annelie; Birgersson, Göran; Granmo, Åke

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.02.045

Cited by 21 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Also, in the present study the medetomidine is exposed via the sediment and therefore may be less available to the animals. The maximum measured concentration of medetomidine in the overlying water was 0.35 µg/L which is a lower concentration than in studies in which behavioral effects on C. volutator or A. nitida have been observed .…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 59%

“…Other environmental data suggest relatively low toxicity of medetomidine to invertebrates compared with PECs. For example, there was no effect on the embryonic development of the mussel Mytilus edulis or the sea squirt Ciona intestinalis at approximately 0.4 mg/L and 0.5 mg/L medetomidine, respectively [10,20]. These data are now supported by regulatory testing that found the median effective concentrations of medetomidine on the development of Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) and sea urchin (Paracentrotus lividus) larvae to be 2.5 mg/L and 3.2 mg/L, respectively (unpublished data).…”

Section: Medetomidine Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 97%

“…There is already evidence that short-term exposure to medetomidine affects the behavior of sediment-dwelling organisms. Sediment reworking by the bivalve mollusc Abra nitida was reduced at water concentrations of 0.9 mg/L medetomidine after 24 h of exposure [10]. Mating behavior in Corophium volutator has also been shown to be affected by medetomidine, with significantly fewer males choosing to move toward a tank containing female odor or pheromone after 24 h of exposure to 10 mg/L [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The use of a Corophium volutator chronic sediment study to support the risk assessment of medetomidine for marine environments

Fox

Ohlauson

Sharpe

et al. 2014

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Chronic sediment studies were conducted using the marine amphipod Corophium volutator as part of an environmental risk assessment of the novel antifouling compound medetomidine. Two studies were performed, starting with neonates of less than 7 d old. A 28-d study considered endpoints of survival and growth (length and wet wt) and a 76-d study looked at survival, growth (length and wet wt), and reproduction (number of gravid females and neonates). Medetomidine was dosed via the sediment at nominal test concentrations of 1.0 µg/kg, 3.2 µg/kg, 10 µg/kg, 32 µg/kg, and 100 µg/kg (dry wt). In the 28-d growth study, a significant increase in mortality was observed at 32 µg/kg and 100 µg/kg. In the 76-d reproduction study, there were significant adverse effects on survival (32 µg/kg and 100 µg/kg), growth (100 µg/kg), and reproduction (100 µg/kg). The overall lowest-observed-effect concentration was 32 µg/kg medetomidine. For this test substance the increased study duration did not increase the overall sensitivity of the test. The present study suggests that the predicted sediment environmental concentration (PECsediment ) of 0.003 µg/kg for medetomidine would not be expected to cause adverse effects on the life history of C. volutator.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 59%

Section: Medetomidine Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The use of a Corophium volutator chronic sediment study to support the risk assessment of medetomidine for marine environments

Fox

Ohlauson

Sharpe

et al. 2014

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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“…For instance, studies on medetomidine, a sedative that relieves pain and relaxes muscles, have revealed its potential application in nontoxic AF paint development (Bellas et al 2006;Hilvarsson et al 2007). Medetomidine is one of the few AF compounds near the application stage whose efficacy was not based on toxicity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reversible anti-settlement activity againstAmphibalanus(=Balanus)amphitrite, Bugula neritina, andHydroides elegansby a nontoxic pharmaceutical compound, mizolastine

et al. 2009

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Mizolastine, an antihistamine pharmaceutical, was found to significantly inhibit larval settlement of the barnacle Amphibalanus (=Balanus) amphitrite, the bryozoan Bugula neritina, and the polychaete Hydroides elegans with EC(50) values of 4.2, 11.2, and 4.1 microg ml(-1), respectively. No toxicity against the larvae of these three species was observed at the concentration range tested during incubations with mizolastine. To determine whether the anti-settlement activity of mizolastine is reversible, recovery bioassays using these three species were conducted. More than 70% of the larvae that had been exposed for 4 h to mizolastine at concentrations four-fold greater than their respective EC(50) values completed normal metamorphosis. The results of the recovery bioassay provide evidence that the anti-settlement effect of mizolastine is reversible in addition to being nontoxic. The anti-settlement activities of several intermediates of the synthesis process of mizolastine were also examined. One of the intermediates, 2-chloro-1-(4-fluorobenzyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole, inhibited larval settlement and metamorphosis with low toxicity. These results may improve the understanding of the key functional group responsible for the anti-settlement activity of mizolastine.

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“…ASTM 6990-03. Image analysis has also been used to estimate the coverage of organisms but is most appropriate where single species are investigated in a controlled environment (Bellas et al 2006). Because the growth of fouling organisms is highly affected by local conditions, attachment and growth vary greatly between different locations and seasons of the year.…”

Section: (B) Biofilm Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing biomimetic antifouling surfaces

Salta

Wharton

Stoodley

et al. 2010

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

169

118

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Marine biofouling is the accumulation of biological material on underwater surfaces, which has plagued both commercial and naval fleets. Biomimetic approaches may well provide new insights into designing and developing alternative, non-toxic, surfaceactive antifouling (AF) technologies. In the marine environment, all submerged surfaces are affected by the attachment of fouling organisms, such as bacteria, diatoms, algae and invertebrates, causing increased hydrodynamic drag, resulting in increased fuel consumption, and decreased speed and operational range. There are also additional expenses of dry-docking, together with increased fuel costs and corrosion, which are all important economic factors that demand the prevention of biofouling. Past solutions to AF have generally used toxic paints or coatings that have had a detrimental effect on marine life worldwide. The prohibited use of these antifoulants has led to the search for biologically inspired AF strategies. This review will explore the natural and biomimetic AF surface strategies for marine systems.

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Effects of medetomidine, a novel antifouling agent, on the burrowing bivalve Abra nitida (Müller)

Cited by 21 publications

References 22 publications

The use of a Corophium volutator chronic sediment study to support the risk assessment of medetomidine for marine environments

The use of a Corophium volutator chronic sediment study to support the risk assessment of medetomidine for marine environments

Reversible anti-settlement activity againstAmphibalanus(=Balanus)amphitrite, Bugula neritina, andHydroides elegansby a nontoxic pharmaceutical compound, mizolastine

Designing biomimetic antifouling surfaces

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